pteridophyte

This is the general name of lowland woody plants that appeared in Devonian about 400 million years ago. They need water as part of the regeneration cycle. Since then, they have derived various species, and today they are still a very dynamic plant.

Pteridophytes are the lowest higher plants. It flourished in the Carboniferous, when it was a tall plant with a height of 20-30 meters. Spore reproduction. Some species are edible, medicinal and ornamental.

The earth's high-quality coal was basically formed by large ferns in Carboniferous. Most of these ferns died out before Mesozoic. Nowadays, most of their descendants grow up in wet and dark jungles, and most of them are short.

Generation alternation: In the life history of plants, the first generation is asexual and the second generation is sexual.

Pteridophyte is a relatively primitive group of higher plants and the earliest terrestrial plants. This plant is a herb growing in Shan Ye, with strong vitality and distributed in temperate and tropical regions all over the world.

"Fern" first appeared in the Book of Songs in China. In the Book of Songs, there is a saying that "words pick their ferns". It has many aliases. In ancient times, it was called Pteris Pteris, Moon, Qi, etc. Folk also known as bibcock, bracken, bracken, Ruyi, etc.

Pteridophyte is also called pteridophyte. The scales and reeds in the Paleozoic pteridophytes were very high, and then they became extinct and buried in the strata to form coal. The ferns that exist in modern times are all herbs, except that the only spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny spiny

Ferns have no flowers, fruits and seeds, and reproduce by spores. It can be roughly divided into four categories: pteridophyte, Lycopodium, Equisetum (pteridophyte) and true pteridophyte (true pteridophyte).

The underground stems of ferns can grow leaves everywhere every year. The upper part of the tender leaves is curly and covered with fine white hairs. It was called "fist dish" or "fern fist" in ancient times. The leaves grow up gradually, and there are beautiful dark green pinnate compound leaves on the petiole. The wild ferns in the mountains are simple and robust, mainly relying on the brown or yellow spores scattered on the back of leaves in wet places, which develop into new ferns through complicated processes.

The leaves of ferns vary greatly, from less than 1 cm to several meters long. A tropical tree fern, with a single stem and pinnate compound leaves more than 5 meters long at the top, stands tall like a big tree. But the leaves of ferns are completely different. For example, the leaves of pine fern are like small scales sticking out from the stem. Equisetum equisetum leaves are sheath-like and tightly wrapped around the joints; Lycopodium has needle-like leaves and dense stems.

There are about 6.5438+200,000 species of ferns in the world. Pteridophytes are widely used. A variety of edible, tender-bud dishes, such as bracken, are fragrant and delicious, and have the reputation of "king of delicacies" The roots of many ferns contain a lot of starch, which can be used to make wine or sugar. The weight of underground rhizome of Guanyin lotus can reach 20 ~ 30 kg. Many species are famous medicinal plants, such as Lycopodium, Rhizoma Osmundae and so on. Manjianghong and Sophora japonica are feed and fertilizer.