Chen Duxiu in his later years: Jiangjin tourists who ate coarse rice and vegetables and ran away.
In his later years, Chen Duxiu lived on coarse rice and vegetables. From a well-known spiritual leader to a desperate Jiang Jinke, his life has experienced ups and downs.
Think about it from another angle. When the Anti-Japanese War broke out in an all-round way, it was a blessing to find a place to live and spend the last few years of my life with my beloved. At that turbulent moment, such an ending was rare.
Why did Chen Duxiu choose Jiangjin?
"Jiangjin is unique in traveling in a world of pictorial, and the green waves are endless." Jiangjin, which belongs to Chongqing, is a beautiful place.
However, Chen Duxiu chose to live here in his later years, not because he was addicted to the beautiful scenery here, but because he had too much helplessness. China people pay attention to the roots of fallen leaves, Anqing can be said to be his better choice. But even Chen Duxiu had to bow before real life.
Chen Duxiu chose Jiangjin at the invitation of fellow countryman Deng Zhongchun. They are not only fellow villagers, but also classmates and friends when studying in Japan.
With the growth of age, people will become more and more nostalgic. Because of the war, Chen Duxiu lost contact with his old friends, so Deng Zhongchun's invitation became more and more valuable. In order to live up to the good wishes of friends, Chen Duxiu will also come to Jiangjin.
In addition, economic pressure is also an important reason for Chen Duxiu to make this choice. At first, Chen Duxiu wanted to live in Chongqing. However, the cost of Chongqing is obviously higher than that of Jiangjin. Chen Duxiu has no stable financial resources, and he doesn't want his lover Pan Lanzhen to work hard to subsidize himself. Jiangjin at this time became his helpless choice.
More importantly, Jiangjin was relatively safe during the war. Chen Duxiu's special status means that his every move has attracted much attention. Choosing to spend his old age in Jiangjin marks his retirement attitude. Chen Duxiu has been wandering for too long, and the death of his relatives has exhausted him physically and mentally. He just wants a place to live and spend his last days quietly.
Based on the above considerations, Jiangjin became the best choice for Chen Duxiu at that time. The price here is relatively low, the situation is relatively safe, and there are many students. Since I can't do everything well and I can't go back to my real hometown, choosing a place with many acquaintances may make my wandering heart feel more belonging.
The real life of impoverished travelers in Jiangjin.
"Except for articles without hobbies, the world without friends is more desolate." Chen Duxiu's inner thoughts can be seen from his poems in his later years. For ordinary people, this old age life can only be said to be ordinary. After all, I can barely make a living and have a house to live in with my lover. Compared with ordinary old people, he can also write down his thoughts with a pen in his hand.
Chen Duxiu was down and out in his later years. Coarse rice and vegetables often appear on his dining table, and even the seasonings are very simple. However, knowing the truth that "you have to suffer to be a master", he obviously won't worry about the little things in life. Even if the food is simple, he will take great pains and enjoy himself, saying that his food is the food of the gods, and it will naturally be light.
At that time, Chen Duxiu's income mainly included two items. One is the title of Current Affairs News, which can bring him 160 yuan in a month.
Second, Peking University remits money to 300 yuan every month. The source of this money is unknown. Chen Duxiu is a professor in Peking University. Even though he was imprisoned, Peking University did not publicly dismiss him. Therefore, from the perspective of caring for teachers, it is normal to send this money.
With these two incomes alone, it is difficult to maintain the expenses of Chen Duxiu and his lover. Therefore, in daily life, Chen Duxiu will also contribute to major magazines, earning contributions to subsidize his family. The income from the royalties is unstable, so Chen Duxiu still has to be careful to live a stable life. Fortunately, with the support of many friends, he can maintain his normal living expenses.
"Money is not everything, and no money is absolutely impossible." This truth is vividly reflected in Chen Duxiu. In the face of gifts from people from all walks of life, he has his own principles and will never accept a penny. But for practical reasons, he can only accept financial support from his friends. But every time he mentioned it, he felt deeply uneasy and felt that he had brought too much trouble to the people around him.
The Root of Chen Duxiu's Depression in His Later Years
"With today's old illness, one horse goes for ten years." From the poems written by Chen Duxiu to his friends, it seems that people can get a glimpse of his inner world. Material lack will not affect his spiritual world.
But the pressure from all sides and the life without belonging made him feel more and more lonely and depressed. And his real thoughts, but no one can talk.
In just a few years in Jiangjin, Chen Duxiu has moved many times. At this time, he was old and frequently changed his place of residence, which made him depressed. The exhaustion of the body makes him look at the people he loves running around and tired. After arriving at his new residence, it will take him a long time to adapt to his new life. This painful process, Chen Duxiu experienced more than a dozen times.
At the same time, the care of people around you has become a great pressure. Chen Duxiu is not greedy for power, otherwise he wouldn't put himself in this position. But when his former friends saw his present situation, their sympathy was almost written on their faces. At this time, Chen Duxiu looked embarrassed. Although his friends have good intentions, they have put him under too much invisible pressure.
Forced to make a living, Chen Duxiu had to accept financial support from his friends. But after a long time, he seems to be at home in front of these people. He knew that his life would gradually come to an end, and there seemed to be no chance to repay his support.
It is also for this reason that Chen Duxiu is getting farther and farther away from many friends. Because their relationship is no longer equal, they can't seem to get along as before.
Chen Duxiu was admitted as a scholar, studied abroad and participated in a vigorous career. It is precisely because of this that it is even more difficult for him to accept the bleak scene of his later years. The life he wants in his later years does not need rich material conditions, as long as he has a house to live in, a meal to eat and a plain life. But unfortunately, this simple wish has no chance to come true.
Constant imprisonment deprived him of his freedom.
"Life is precious, love is more expensive. If you are free, you can throw both. " Before coming to Jiangjin, Chen Duxiu had a long prison life. After many efforts, he finally got out of the cage and started a new life.
But it didn't take long for Chen Duxiu to be happy, and he found that he had just moved from a small cage to a bigger cage. Until the last moment of his life, the National Government never spared the dying old man.
Although Chen Duxiu has repeatedly stated that he does not belong to any political party, it still has little effect. It is because of this surveillance that Chen Duxiu becomes more and more lonely. His every move may bring disaster to the people around him, and keeping his distance has become a helpless way.
If Chen Duxiu is just a person, he seems to be able to survive such a day. But he was accompanied by Pan Lanzhen, who was still young and had more possibilities in life. But since being with myself, it seems that it has only brought endless pain and suffering. This sense of guilt has been with Chen Duxiu. Therefore, in the long years, he rarely had a happy time.
Until Chen Duxiu's death, people who organized his funeral were under all-round monitoring. Freedom is everyone's right, but for Chen Duxiu in his later years, everything became a luxury. In this environment, Chen Duxiu's pain is protracted, but it has never been solved. In the face of various forces, his strength alone is negligible.
The hopeless life finally defeated him.
"I came from three thousand miles away. Sad autumn, my sorrow for a hundred years, I climbed this height alone. " 1942 On May 27th, Chen Duxiu passed away at the age of 63. From "the standard-bearer of the New Culture Movement" to the neglected "ordinary people", his life experienced ups and downs, and finally ended in regret.
The embarrassment of life and physical discomfort did not crush him, but the hopeless future finally knocked him down. From August 1938 to May 1942, Chen Duxiu lived in Jiangjin for less than four years. During this period, he saw the cold side of human nature.
When he defected to Deng Zhongchun, his wife refused Mr. and Mrs. Chen Duxiu on the grounds of limited room at home. But he also saw the warm side of human nature. Stranger villagers arranged accommodation for him, which made Chen Duxiu feel at home again in a foreign land.
Chen Duxiu is unfortunate. He once attracted much attention, so he deserves everyone's attention and becomes a leader among a group of people. But carelessly, his life went up and down, and he ended up living in fear. But Chen Duxiu is lucky. His friends, lovers and colleagues never leave. When life is difficult, there will always be someone to help him through it.
On the surface, Chen Duxiu's old age made people cry. However, when he is lying in a hospital bed and looking back on the past four years, he will find that people around him are silently caring for him in their own way. He's not alone. He's not alone.
Chen Duxiu was arrested and imprisoned, and his wife never left him. Why don't they grow old together?
Everyone should know who Chen Duxiu is. He was a patriot and the last scholar in the late Qing Dynasty. As a scholar, he is naturally very literary, so he is a very educated patriotic scholar. However, Chen Duxiu was expelled from the Party because he made a mistake, which led to the failure of the whole revolution. It is very painful for a revolutionary to be expelled from the Party, but what we want to talk about is not Chen Duxiu's deeds, but him and his wife.
See your wife
Chen Duxiu was poor in his later years, so he came to Shanghai anonymously to start a new life. It is also because he came to Shanghai that he met his wife, whose name is Pan Lanzhen. Pan Lanzhen is from Jiangsu. She was born in a poor family. She was poor because she didn't have enough food and clothes. It is true that children from poor families are in charge early. Pan Lanzhen was very sensible from an early age. When Pan Lanzhen was 4 years old, he came to Shanghai with his parents. Shanghai is a prosperous metropolis with many development paths.
When Pan Lanzhen was a child, he knew to go out to do odd jobs, and the money he earned was used to subsidize his family. He is very wise. At that time, Pan Lanzhen lived in a slum in Shanghai. 1930, Chen Duxiu moved to Pan Lanzhen's house. That's why they met. At that time, Chen Duxiu changed his surname to Li, and everyone called him Li. Chen Duxiu is a man of great learning. Even living in a slum can't hide his temperament. He usually wears glasses, speaks gently and politely to people and writes well.
Chen Duxiu lives close to Pan Lanzhen's house, so they often meet each other on the trip, so they know each other. Pan Lanzhen thinks this gentleman is very elegant. At first glance, he is a well-educated man, and he can't help liking Chen Duxiu. In getting along, Pan Lanzhen also found that Chen Duxiu lived alone and was in poor health. Chen Duxiu once had a sudden attack of stomach trouble and fainted on the road. It was Pan Lanzhen who took him to the hospital. After Chen Duxiu was discharged from hospital, Pan Lanzhen often sent him meals to take care of him.
When they got along, they were very fond of each other, but at that time, Pan Lanzhen was still very young and Chen Duxiu was 29 years older than her, which made Chen Duxiu unable to express his feelings. Because the other person is still young, he is already an old man and can't delay others.
Pan Lanzhen boldly confessed.
Pan Lanzhen is a poor girl. When she was a minor, she went to work in a factory. Because she was too young to understand, she not only suffered a lot in the factory, but also was raped by the damn foreman. Pan Lanzhen, a weak woman, is no match for a strong man at all, so there is still no way. Pan Lanzhen was raped and gave birth to a child, but the child didn't survive and died. Although Pan Lanzhen has been treated in this way, she still hasn't lost confidence in life and lives well every day.
She likes Chen Duxiu very much. Although there is a big age gap between them, age is not a problem, as long as two people love each other. So one winter, Pan Lanzhen declared his love to Chen Duxiu. They got married on 1930 and have lived together since then. At that time, Pan Lanzhen didn't know that he was Chen Duxiu, only thought that he was a talented lonely old man.
When they get along, Chen Duxiu often does some strange things and often moves. Pan Lanzhen also found these, but she didn't say anything, just encouraged Chen Duxiu to do what she liked. They get along well. Chen Duxiu often teaches her to read, and also teaches her to write and draw. Life is sweet. Although Pan Lanzhen wanted to know the true identity of Mr. Li, Chen Duxiu didn't want to talk about it, and she didn't ask much.
Under the care of Pan Lanzhen, Chen Duxiu's health gradually improved, but they never had children, and the family without children was incomplete, so they adopted a daughter and named her Pan Fengxian after Pan Lanzhen. I thought life could be so happy, but an accident happened. When Pan Lanzhen took her daughter back to her hometown, Chen Duxiu was betrayed by her secretary and went to prison.
Unfortunately, I was imprisoned.
At that time, there were many rumors that Chen Duxiu was going to be executed, so Chen Duxiu thought that Pan Lanzhen would not come to him, but would live alone with her daughter. But Pan Lanzhen is an affectionate and righteous man. Her husband was arrested and imprisoned. How can she live with peace of mind? So she came to Nanjing to find Chen Duxiu. Chen Duxiu was very moved when he saw Pan Lanzhen. He immediately persuaded Pan Lanzhen to go back to take care of his daughter. It's no use looking like this. Don't mind yourself. But Pan Lanzhen wouldn't listen to Chen Duxiu. She stayed in Nanjing. Pan Lanzhen rented a small house next to the prison and found a job, barely able to support himself.
Pan Lanzhen often visits Chen Duxiu in prison and helps Chen Duxiu to do many things. 1937, Japanese troops hit Nanking, and Chen Duxiu was bombed in prison. At this time, Chen Duxiu asked Pan Lanzhen to pack up and leave Nanjing, but Pan Lanzhen didn't want to. She insisted on being with Chen Duxiu. A month later, Chen Duxiu was successfully released with the help of Hu Shi and others.
Release sb. from prison
After his release, Chen Duxiu took Pan Lanzhen to Chongqing, where they planned to live a good life. Later, the Chen Duxiu family also moved to Chongqing to live with them. At that time, all the expenses of the family came from Pan Lanzhen, and it was difficult for Pan Lanzhen to take care of the family. Although life is hard, Pan Lanzhen has no complaints. She thinks this kind of life is very good.
Chen Duxiu devoted himself to writing in Chongqing, and his wife Pan Lanzhen was very supportive. Many people use money to win over Chen Duxiu. Chen Duxiu's family is poor, but he refuses to win over. 1942, Chen Duxiu's stomach trouble recurred. Because his family was poor and had no money for treatment, Chen Duxiu passed away forever after half a month.
By 1949, Pan Lanzhen died of cancer, and Pan Lanzhen took care of the Chen Duxiu family without asking for anything in return, which was really touching. Although they can't live forever, they should live a happy life in another world now, don't you think so? Welcome to leave a message in the comment area for discussion.
Pan Lanzhen's introduction
Pan Lanzhen (1908- 1949), also known as Pan Ruoyun and Pan Yunxian, was born in a poor peasant family north of Dabeidian, Yuxi Town, Tongzhou, Jiangsu Province. Chen Duxiu's third wife, Chen Duxiu Jr., is 29 years old. He accompanied Chen Duxiu through the last ten years of his life with loyal love and chivalrous temperament.
1930, 22 girls fell in love with an old man who was 29 years older than himself. Who is he?
introduce
In modern society, there is often love between two people with very different ages. Many people have a certain prejudice against this kind of love, thinking that one of them must have a plan, otherwise they would not accept such a big age gap. In fact, there are no obstacles in front of love. As long as two people really love each other, nothing will stop them. In fact, not only in modern times, but also in the early years of our country. Today I want to tell you the story of a girl in her twenties who fell in love with an old man 29 years older than herself. The girl's name is Pan Lanzhen.
Pan Lanzhen's Early Experience
Pan Lanzhen was born in Tongzhou, Jiangsu, China. Her family is not rich, even extremely poor. When she was four years old, Nantong was hit by a big storm, and then it became Wang Yang. In order to survive, my father took his family to Shanghai and settled in Pudong.
When Pan Lanzhen was seven or eight years old, a new life came home. With more brothers and sisters, families who are not rich are more difficult. In desperation, Pan Lanzhen had to go out to work. However, Shanghai was not peaceful at that time, so during her working as a child laborer in a tobacco company, Pan Lanzhen experienced many humiliations, which also helped her to develop a precocious personality than her peers. However, fate did not spare this beautiful girl. In the factory, Pan Lanzhen was pestered by many workers. Another night, he broke into Pan Lanzhen's residence many times, forcing Pan Lanzhen to yield. In this humiliating situation, Pan Lanzhen lived with her for a period of time and gave birth to a child, but the child died soon.
Meet Chen Duxiu and fall in love.
1930, Chen Duxiu, wanted by the Kuomintang, was interviewed by a tobacco company in Pan Lanzhen. At that time, she lived in a slum, and Chen Duxiu, who was evading capture, also lived in a slum under an alias. It is worth mentioning that Pan Lanzhen was only 22 years old and Chen Duxiu was 29 years older than her. In Pan Lanzhen's eyes, this down-and-out gentleman is reasonable, has certain cultural knowledge and treats people very kindly. This kind of existence is an extremely warm support for Pan Lanzhen, who suffered humiliation from childhood. During two years of cohabitation, Chen Duxiu patiently taught Pan Lanzhen to read. Because of her previous humiliating experience, Pan Lanzhen thought she lost her fertility and adopted a child with Chen Duxiu.
Once Pan Lanzhen sent her daughter back to Nantong, and when she came back, she found that Chen Duxiu had been taken away. Later, Pan Lanzhen learned that his lover was a * * * named Chen Duxiu. As a pivotal figure in the Party, Chen Duxiu's arrest caused a great sensation throughout Shanghai. It is reported that on the Shanghai-Nanjing train, Chen Duxiu was still thinking about his lover Pan Lanzhen, thinking that young Pan Lanzhen would not come to him, an old man who was about to be punished for hiding his identity, while Pan Lanzhen fell in love with Chen Duxiu in the process of getting along.
Go to jail for love and spend five years with Chen Duxiu.
Encouraged by love, Pan Lanzhen resolutely ran to Nanjing Tiger Bridge Prison and found imprisoned Chen Duxiu. This surprised Chen Duxiu, but for the sake of the development of Pan Lanzhen, he urged Pan Lanzhen to go back quickly. However, Pan Lanzhen didn't listen to his advice. Instead, I rented a small house next to the prison and made a living by doing odd jobs. Taking advantage of her distance, she often visited Chen Duxiu and did many things for him.
/kloc-at the beginning of 0/938, the Japanese bombed Tiger Bridge Prison. Chen Duxiu, who had a bad feeling, urged Pan Lanzhen to leave again, but she still didn't agree. A month later, with the help of Hu Shi and others, Chen Duxiu successfully left the prison. After that, Chen Duxiu and Pan Lanzhen rushed to Wuhan and then moved to Chongqing. Their families also came to meet Chen Duxiu. It is worth mentioning that all the expenses during this period were borne by Pan Lanzhen, but she didn't say a word of complaint. 1942, Chen Duxiu died of illness. 1949, Pan Lanzhen died of illness.
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I have to say that the love story between Pan Lanzhen and Chen Duxiu is really touching. Chen Duxiu did make some mistakes, but he made great contributions to our revolution. Therefore, when we evaluate Chen Duxiu, we should take a comprehensive view of his life.
Reference: Biography of Chen Duxiu.