In the early years of Southern Song Dynasty, the famous soldiers mainly included Yue Fei, Han Shizhong, Wu Jun, Liu Yong, Zhang Jun and Liu Guangshi.
Li Gang and others belong to civil servants, not military commanders.
Among the generals in the early Southern Song Dynasty, Zhang Jun was older than Yue Fei 17 years, Han Shizhong and Liu Guangshi were older than Yue Fei 14 years, Wu Jun was older than Yue Fei 10 years, and Liu Kun was 5 years older than Yue Fei. However, Yue Fei came from behind, and with his outstanding military talents and brilliant exploits, he was constantly promoted and reused. He is not only outstanding in military talent, but also superior in military exploits and prestige to other generals in the Southern Song Dynasty.
Regarding the comparison between Yue Fei and other generals who fought against gold in the Song Dynasty, Mr. Wang Zengyu, a famous historian and grandmaster in the Song Dynasty, had an incisive, thorough, objective and comprehensive exposition in his book "The New Biography of Yue Fei". Excerpts are as follows:
"In order to illustrate the position of Yue Fei in the ancient military history of China, it is necessary to compare Yue Fei with the famous generals who resisted gold at that time.
Lu You's poem said, "A brief introduction to Wu Jun, two generals of John, can restore the Central Plains through control." Later generations mentioned the famous anti-Jin generals in the early Southern Song Dynasty, often called Han and Yue. As far as the ambition of resolutely resisting gold is concerned, Han Shizhong and Yue Fei are comparable. In military achievements, Han Shizhong is not only inferior to Yue Fei, but also inferior to Wu Jun and Liu Yong.
Wu Jun was the first general to defeat Jin Jun in the Southern Song Dynasty, and his achievements could not be denied. However, he has more rules than rules, but not enough offense. Monks and immortals have won two great victories, both defensive wars, not offensive wars. Since the fourth year of Shaoxing (AD 1 134), the battlefield in Sichuan and Shaanxi has been relatively silent. Wu Jun was obviously satisfied with his achievements, but failed to make great efforts to regain lost ground. In the end, he took Stan away and died of womanizing.
Liu Kun's status and reputation were not high, and the battle of Shunchang made him famous in World War I, and the battle of Shunchang was a defensive war. Throughout Liu Kun's military career, this battle was the only one that was played well. In the following eleven years, the victory of Shaoxing Gao Zhe and the failure of Haozhou were greatly reduced. Twenty years later, Wang Daju of Jin Hailing invaded the south, and Liu Kun was defeated by Huaidong, and his military reputation plummeted.
Han Shizhong's life is most famous for two battles. One is the Battle of Huang Tiandang, in which 8,000 navy divisions intercepted the Jin army, which once embarrassed Hong Yan Wu Shu (Zongbi) and reversed the trend of Song Jun's uncontrolled collapse, but it ended in failure. Second, the battle of Dayi Town, which was exaggerated by Zhao Xiong of Tombstone and later historical biography as "the first general of ZTE", was actually just an ambush of the vanguard troops of Nie Erbo, commander-in-chief of 8 Jin Army, and slaughtered hundreds of JJ. Since then, Han Shizhong led the army to guard Huaidong for a long time. In addition to taking Haizhou, he repeatedly attacked the Huaiyang army and was defeated when he saved Haozhou. There is no great meritorious military service.
In the early Southern Song Dynasty, if Wu Jun and Liu Yong were defensive generals, Yue Fei was offensive generals.
The conservative and timid Song Dynasty has long formed a military tradition of passive defense. Accustomed to divide the troops to guard, the result is nothing more than passive beatings. On the contrary, Jin Jun has always been a strategic advantage. They can concentrate their forces and command in a unified way, and rely on cavalry to carry out large-scale mobile offensive warfare. By the time he arrived in Shaoxing, although Song Jun's quality had been significantly improved, compared with the last years of the Northern Song Dynasty, the advantages and disadvantages of strategic command between Song and Jin remained unchanged.
Yue Fei was more brilliant than Wu Jun and Liu Yong because he had some understanding, criticism and breakthrough on the military tradition of the Song Dynasty. Yue Fei criticized Song Gaozong and the imperial court for "defending the enemy against oneself and not daring to attack from afar", and Yue Fei "often suffered from difficulties of various armies" and strived for his own unified command of various armies. Although Yue Fei's strategic policy was hindered by Song Gaozong and the Southern Song Dynasty, he still organized a large-scale offensive campaign like the first, second and fourth Northern Expeditions and trained powerful cavalry to fight the enemy in the most favorable terrain and season, which was unique at that time.
In the early years of Southern Song Dynasty, Yue Fei was the only commander in chief in Song Jun who had the determination and ability to recover his homeland. Yue Fei organized and trained an indestructible Yue Jiajun, and maintained the strict military discipline of "freezing and killing, not tearing down houses, starving and not killing and plundering", which was really commendable in ancient China and became the most popular general in the Song Dynasty for 320 years. Yue Fei attached importance to the northern folk resistance to the Jin army, and put forward the military idea of "connecting the river with the moon", and launched, contacted and supported the northern resistance to the Jin army, so that it could echo the Yue family army or cooperate with the attack on the Jin army. This is not only an advanced military thought, but also a brilliant strategic deployment. In this respect, Yue Fei was undoubtedly influenced by Zong Ze, but his achievements were better than those of his predecessors.
In the history of war, there are many warlike and murderous famous soldiers. They are characterized by taking pleasure in war, ignoring human life, killing for profit and killing for profit. However, Yue Fei is deeply influenced by Confucianism and is a "benevolent lover". Yue Fei is brave and good at fighting, but he never takes pleasure in killing. "No matter who sends troops, we must focus on spreading morality, eliminate its leader, not kill one person, and release the party surplus." This is not only reflected in Yue Fei's quelling of the rebellion in Kyrgyzstan and Ganzhou, but also in the handling of Yang Yao's rebels. Even for 8 jin j, "true enemy, gratitude in the hearts of the people. Although there is the intention of capturing the people and recruiting soldiers, there are relatives who are willing to attach them. " This military concept of "benevolence-oriented" and cherishing human life, that is, the so-called "how can we kill more if we can control the invasion of the mausoleum" in Du Fu's poems, is also very rare, and it is a fine tradition worthy of cherishing and carrying forward in China's military science.
Sun Tzu's Art of War is a genius military work in ancient times. It marked the high development of China's military theory at that time, which was really unparalleled in the world. However, since the publication of Sun Tzu's Art of War, although there have been many famous soldiers in China, there have been no major breakthroughs and updates in military theory. On this premise, Yue Fei opposed the defense, advocated the policy of attack, practiced strict military discipline, the strategy of "connecting the river with the moon" and the military concept of "benevolence-oriented", which were undoubtedly four important contributions in the history of China's ancient military thought.
Of course, Yue Fei, as the commander of a war zone, can not only change the conservative strategy of the small court in the Southern Song Dynasty, but also be subject to the conservative strategy of the small court in the Southern Song Dynasty to a considerable extent. In addition, in some specific military commands, he did not completely get rid of the shackles of the military tradition of the Song Dynasty. For Song Jun, "the soldiers are flying at high speed" is mostly empty talk, not just because of the infantry. For example, the suggestion helped Chuzhou for four years and saved Jiangzhou in the first year of Shaoxing. Yue Jiajun delayed the fighter plane because his family was slow to move. In the decisive stage of Shaoxing's ten-year Northern Expedition, Yue Fei did not seem to make use of their lair. The army of Hong Yan Wu Shu (Zongbi) went straight into Kaifeng, forcing the Jin people to retreat, but attacked them to Li, or organized Zhang Xian and Wang Gui to attack the 8 Jin Army in Linying County. Finally, Zhang Xianyi's army failed to fight the enemy in Linying County, while Wang Guiyi's army fought a bitter battle with the enemy in Yingchang House on the same day. If the two armies meet, the results will certainly be even greater. The above comments may be improper demands of modern people on Yue Fei.
Generally speaking, Yue Fei was an outstanding star in the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty and occupied a considerable position in the ancient military history of China. Compared with the famous soldiers of other dynasties, considering the deep-rooted tradition of suppressing martial arts and the destruction of martial arts spirit under the civil service politics in Song Dynasty, his achievements and contributions are even more commendable. 』
On the comparison between Yue Fei and other anti-Jin generals in the Song Dynasty, here are two classic generalizations made by Yang Qian in his masterpiece "Wu Jiajiang":
"In the early years of Southern Song Dynasty, Han Shizhong, Liu Guangshi and Zhang Jun were the most prestigious generals in the unified army. However, apart from Han Shizhong, Liu Guangshi and Zhang Jun are ordinary cowards. They just became a defender by virtue of their own qualifications.
At this time, due to the early establishment of the Southern Song Dynasty, it was impossible to limit the development of military commanders themselves, and also because of the development of the Anti-Japanese War, a group of inexperienced and unknown young generals were able to give full play to their talents and become brilliant and dazzling generals. Wu Jun and Yue Fei are outstanding among these young generals, and they are also the two most outstanding generals in the Southern Song Dynasty.
Mr. Wang Zengyu said: "From the first year of Shaoxing to March of four years, the Sichuan-Shaanxi battlefield was the main battlefield, even the only battlefield. Wu Jun's army almost independently supported half of the Southern Song Dynasty. During this period, its military exploits and prestige were unique. At first, it was above Yue Fei (note: it only refers to the period from 1 13 1 to 1 134). In the early Southern Song Dynasty, Wu Jun's military achievements were second only to Yue Fei's, but above others. Wu Jun is good at defending and not attacking, so he can't organize a large-scale offensive campaign, which is why he is not as good as Yue Fei. 」』
"From 1 135 to 1 14 1 year, the garrison was the basic military force in the Southern Song Dynasty, and the troops of Wu Jun and Yue Fei were the main forces in the garrison. Although the number is small, it has the strongest fighting capacity.
There are three sources of the five major divisions of the camp protection army: one is the forbidden army in the early Southern Song Dynasty, the other is the left-behind division army in Tokyo, Zong Ze, and the third is the Shaanxi army. Zhang Jun, Han Shizhong and Liu Guangshi belong to the Royal Battalion System, which is the lineal of Song Gaozong. Yue Fei belongs to the left-behind military department in Tokyo, and Wu Jun belongs to the Shaanxi military department. Neither of them is a clique. Yue Fei and Wu Junjun are both generals who started out with meritorious military service. 』
{Note: At the end of the fifth year of Shaoxing (1 135), the court of the Southern Song Dynasty ordered to change the names of the five garrisons and named them "Zhen Shoujun". Zhang Junjun said he was in the camp, Han Shizhong said he was in front of the camp, Yue Feijun said he was in the camp, Liu Guangshi said he was in the camp left, and Wu Jun said he was in the camp right. }
Obviously, combined with the heroic deeds of the generals in the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty and referring to the research results of two historians, we can make the following summary:
In the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, the political situation was turbulent and wars were frequent, and the court was powerless and unwilling to restrict the development of military commanders. At the same time, due to the needs of the Anti-Japanese War, a group of inexperienced and unknown young generals were able to give full play to their talents and grow into brilliant generals. Yue Fei and Wu Jun are outstanding among these young generals, and they are also the two most outstanding generals in the Southern Song Dynasty.
Han Shizhong, Zhang Jun, Liu Guangshi and others are all directly under Song Gaozong's generals, while Yue Fei, Wu Jun and others started their careers entirely by the meritorious military service.
Among the generals in the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, only Yue Fei was an offensive general. Among the other generals in the Southern Song Dynasty, Wu Jun and Liu Yong were defensive generals with more rules than attacks. Han Shizhong is determined to resist gold, but its military achievements are not only inferior to those of Yue Fei, but also inferior to those of Wu Jun and Liu Yong. Liu Guangshi and Zhang Jun are actually pampered and afraid of the enemy and war.
Han Shizhong's life is most famous for two battles. One is the battle of Huang Tiandang, where 8000 navy divisions intercepted100000 Jin Guo troops. At one time, Hong Yan Wu Shu (Zong Bi) was quite embarrassed and reversed the trend of Song Jun's runaway collapse, but it ended in failure. Second, the battle of Dayi Town, which was exaggerated by Zhao Xiong of Tombstone and later historical biography as "the first general of ZTE", was actually just an ambush of the vanguard troops of Nie Erbo, commander-in-chief of 8 Jin Army, and slaughtered hundreds of JJ. Since then, Han Shizhong led the army to guard Huaidong for a long time. In addition to taking Haizhou, he repeatedly attacked the Huaiyang army and was defeated when he saved Haozhou. There is no great meritorious military service.
Later generations mentioned the famous anti-Jin generals in the early Southern Song Dynasty, often called Han and Yue. As far as the ambition of resolutely resisting gold is concerned, Han Shizhong and Yue Fei are comparable. In military achievements, Han Shizhong is not only inferior to Yue Fei, but also inferior to Wu Jun and Liu Yong.
The Yuan Dynasty historian who compiled the History of Song Dynasty made the following comments on Han Shizhong: "On it, the ancients said:" The world is safe and pays attention to appearances; The world is in danger, so be careful. "Song Jingkang, Jian Yan, the world is safe, and Yong Zhong is like Han Shizhong, which is a gift for the revival of the Song Dynasty. Shu will cross the river and be met by Shi Zhong, showing his calmness. And Liu Yufei, the people of the Central Plains were shaken. Please take the opportunity to invade. Why can't we miss this opportunity? The emperor only listened to his treacherous words, which made Shizhong unable to give full play to his talents. Peace was achieved, and the matter of Song Dynasty was dropped. In my old age, I retired to the capital, but I didn't talk about it. I didn't see the old general, which covered up the punishment of Yue Fei. In the past, Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty thought a lot of things, and herded them in the previous generation, but the Song Dynasty was loyal to the world and did not make good use of it. What a pity! 』
Wu Jun was the first general to defeat Jin Jun in the Southern Song Dynasty. But Wu Jun has more rules than attack. The two victories of monks and immortals were both defensive wars, not offensive wars. In the fourth year of Shaoxing (A.D. 1 134), the battlefield in Sichuan and Shaanxi was generally in a relatively silent state. Wu Jun was satisfied with his achievements, but failed to start a career on a large scale and recover lost ground. Finally, he died of taking Stan and indulging in womanhood.
Liu Kun's original status and prestige are not high. Shaoxing's ten-year success in Shunchang made Liu Kun famous in World War I, which was a defensive war. Throughout Liu Kun's military career, this battle was the only one that was played well. In the following eleven years, the victory of Shaoxing Gao Zhe and the failure of Haozhou were greatly reduced. Twenty years later, Yan Hongliang, the gold owner, led an army to invade the south on a large scale, and Liu Kun was defeated by Huaidong, and his military reputation plummeted.
Historians of Yuan Dynasty who compiled History of Song Dynasty made the following comments on Liu Yong, Wu Jun and Wu Lin at the end of Biography of Liu Yong and Wu Linzi Pavilion:
"Theory: Liu Kun's martial arts is the best in the world, winning by surprise, succeeding in prosperity and shocking the enemy. Although Han Xin was promoted to the army, it was immeasurable. Or its English is not enough, but its elegance is more than enough.
Wu Jun and his younger brother Lin are brave and loyal, and if they work together to resist the enemy in danger, they will save Shu and end up with fame and fortune. Tired and effective, like dad.
But the night was quite dissolute, and I lost a lot and lost a lot. How can we be victorious and arrogant? The suppression of the third generation as a general led to the sunrise and the sunset, which covered up its worship and its reason. 』
As for Liu Guangshi and Zhang Junzhi, in fact, they are pampered, hedonistic, afraid of the enemy and afraid of war. They mainly rely on their old qualifications, close relationship with the emperor and flattery. Compromise and capitulationists, represented by Song Gaozong and Qin Gui, have long dominated the Southern Song Dynasty imperial court. As rulers, they held the direction of public opinion at that time. Liu Guangshi and Zhang Junzhi's aristocratic status was created because of the prevention of military commanders by the compromise and surrender party in the Southern Song Dynasty, the long-term suppression of truly capable patriotic generals, and the favor of mediocre generals and cowards who were greedy for pleasure.
In fact, Liu Guangshi and Zhang Junzhi are no longer worthy of the name. For example, Qin Gui, although he betrayed his country for glory, hurt his loyalty and was corrupt, was touted and raised by the small court of Southern Song Dynasty controlled by capitulationists.
According to the Song-Jin Peace Treaty reached in the 11th year of Shaoxing (11), the Southern Song Dynasty took over the military power of the three generals, and the State of Jin explicitly demanded that the Southern Song Dynasty should not recall Qin Gui. With the support of Xu Jinguo, Qin Gui became the lifelong prime minister that neither Song Gaozong nor Zhao Gou could recall. Since then, Qin Gui's power has been in full swing. In order to cover up its crimes against the country and people, Qin Gui practiced spy rule, set up a literary inquisition in Daxing, and exercised strict public opinion control to whitewash "Taiping". While Qin Gui spared no effort to eradicate dissidents, he also tried his best to cultivate henchmen and lackeys, and awarded knighthood to "those who cling to themselves stand and use" and "those who are dirty and depressed". At that time, many disloyal villains were appointed and promoted by the Southern Song Dynasty court because of their attachment to Qin Gui.
Qin Gui was evil, and he felt that he could not escape the condemnation of public opinion, so he longed for Ah Q-style self-consolation and self-deception, and asked those literati who had no integrity to sing praises for him, and asked them to present flattering articles. During the 19 years of Qin Gui's dictatorship, as long as the literati touted Qin Gui, they could gain fame and fortune. Accusing Qin Gui of his perverse behavior will be mercilessly persecuted by the Southern Song Dynasty imperial court. Then, due to the overwhelming praise of Qin Gui's poems, Qin Gui himself was dazzled, and Qin Gui demanded more and more flattery. It's getting harder and harder to please Qin Gui, so * * * literati spare no effort to improve their level of writing flattery.
A large group of yes-men and * * * literati rushed to whitewash "Taiping", touted Qin Gui, and touted the sinister traitor Qin Gui as a "saint" and "benefactor"! Later, some * * * literati even said in flattery that their achievements surpassed those of ancient sages, boasting that they were "Yuan Saints" and the first saints throughout the ages!
So, is Qin Gui really a "Yuan Saint"? Is Qin Gui the first saint throughout the ages? The kneeling statue of Qin Gui in Wang Yue Temple, which has been circulating for hundreds of years, is the most telling!
Liu Guangshi and Zhang Junzhi were listed as "Four Generals of Zhongxing" by the small court in the Southern Song Dynasty, which was actually similar to the situation that Qin Gui was touted as "Sheng Yuan" by * * * literati.
Guang Liu was born in a noble family. At the same time, Liu Guangshi is the emperor's direct line, and he mainly relies on his qualifications, close relationship with the emperor and flattery. Liu Guangshi is spoiled, timid and afraid of death. He has always been afraid of the nomads from the army. Most of them dare not go to the front line when fighting, and sit in the rear to avoid when necessary. Whenever imperial edicts were moved to the front, most of them refused to obey and tried to retreat; Liu Guangshi was lax in running the army, and many rebels were willing to join his men. Most of his men are experts who are arrogant and lose. They can't fight, but bullying and harassing places are fierce. Liu Guangshi often falsely reports the number of troops, accounting for most of the military expenditure; Liu Guangshi is greedy for money and profits, and managing real estate leads to "huge sum" and "fixed song * * *"; Liu Guangshi also occupied fertile land and competed with the people for profits. Liu Guangshi occupied a large area of fertile land in Qingtian, Zhejiang, and 30,000 mu of fertile land in Huaidong.
Among the generals in the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhang talked about the meritorious military service, Zhang talked about making money second to none, and Zhang talked about enjoying life first.
Zhang Jun was born a bandit and was lax in running the army. He is often afraid of the enemy and war, and often leads troops to disturb the people. In ancient China, the army lost by looting to maintain morale, and the army lost by looting to calm people's grievances. In the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhang Junjun recorded the most vertical violence, and was called the "Freedom Army".
Zhang Jun is greedy for money and is famous for his greed for money. Zhang Jun has occupied a huge amount of land through the merger, and has become a rare big landlord throughout the ages, claiming that "the whole world covers an area and has a huge family"; Zhang has a total of more than one million mu of fertile land, with an annual rent of more than 600 million stones, which is equivalent to more than twice the annual financial income of Shaoxing, the richest man in the Southern Song Dynasty. Through extortion, Zhang Jun also occupied a large number of gardens and mansions, and the rent collected only reached 73,000 yuan a year, which was the "most" among the generals in the Southern Song Dynasty. When Zhang Jun was alive, there was a mountain of money at home. In order to prevent theft, Zhang Jun ordered people to cast money into thousands of silver balls, which was called "useless", meaning that thieves could not move and could do nothing.
In the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, wars were frequent. Yue Fei and Han Shizhong were stationed far away, sharing weal and woe with the foot soldiers, while Zhang Junyi Army was often stationed in Lin 'an. Zhang Jun selected tall and handsome foot soldiers from the army, ordered them to wear splendid patterns (known as the "Flower Leg Army" in history), and then went out for a short trip. The people watched, the soldiers were terrible, and the people shook their heads and sighed; Zhang Jun also used his men to build a palace for the emperor and a mansion for himself, and also opened a restaurant called "Taiping Building" to abuse power for personal gain; The army also nicknamed "Zhang Taiwei tough", which means that Zhang Jun is shameless, shameless, and his face is like iron. Such a greedy man can win the favor of Song Gaozong and Zhao Gou.
Zhang Jun is not only greedy for merit, but also selfish and heartless. In the 11th year of Shaoxing, Song Jun won first and then lost, and Zhang Jun had an unshirkable responsibility. However, after Zhang Jun returned to Korea, he reversed black and white, distorted the facts, impeached Liu Yong for his poor combat, and slandered Yue Fei. Song Gaozong and Qin Gui are naturally completely partial to Zhang Jun, and Zhang Jun and Han Shizhong are two children-in-law. But Zhang Jun is not soft on framing Han Shizhong. Zhang Jun's talent is low, but he is ambitious. Zhang Jun tried to exchange the command of an army for the command of the whole country. However, Zhang Jun's organs were all calculated, but they also served as axes in the hands of Song Gaozong and Qin Gui. For Kovaco, once the cutting task is completed, the axe handle will be thrown away.
Zhang Jun followed Qin Gui, conspired with Qin Gui to kill Yue Fei, crowded out Han Shizhong, and took charge of the Privy Council, becoming the highest military officer in the Southern Song Dynasty. Zhang Junman thought that he could sit on the Diaoyutai from now on. But Qin Gui didn't trust him and didn't want to give him the military power. After Yue Fei was killed, Qin Gui immediately instigated his cronies Jiangyan to impeach Zhang Jun, saying that Zhang Jun was plotting to usurp the throne. Song Gaozong Zhao Gou promised that Zhang Jun would "not rebel" and let Zhang Junyi's horse go, but took the opportunity to oust Zhang Jun, saying that "all power at home and abroad belongs to Qin Gui".
Let's take a look at the objective evaluation of Zhang Jun and Liu Guangshi by the Yuan Dynasty historians who edited the History of Song Dynasty:
"Shangyun: Zhang, Han, Liu and Yue are also called generals, and you are the crown. But if we try our best, there will be others.
June was entrusted by his minions. Although Pingmiao and Liu are diligent kings, they can't keep crossing the river and abandon Siming, which has many losses. How can you be guilty of murdering Yue Fei, preserving wealth, and taking the master with you?
The bright world depends on its old general, but choosing to fall in love is frightening and life is not necessary. Law is lax, and death leads to Li Qiong's rebellion. Catering to public opinion and taking military power first, although it will end well, a gentleman is not expensive.
Han Heyue of the two parties is a long way from one yuan. 』
At the end of Biography of Liu Guangshi, the Yuan Dynasty historian who compiled History of Song Dynasty summarized Liu Guangshi's life story:
"The bright world is the highest among generals. But the law is not strict, the army can't control it, and refuses to do anything for the country. It's at your own expense, depending on public opinion. After tasting the truth, he said, "I am willing to serve my country wholeheartedly, and I will be the history and minister first in the future. "The emperor said," You shouldn't just talk empty words, but act according to what you see. "At the beginning of his speech, Shi Kang made unremitting efforts. The flea handle, ups and downs with the times, is not taboo for Qin Gui, so I can steal the honor to the end, the party's North Korea, Yuan Yue. 』
Liu Guangshi was the oldest general in the Southern Song Dynasty and the first general to be promoted. However, he could not be strict with himself and run the army without discipline. He refused to go to the front line as appointed by the imperial court, and when he saw the nomads from afar, he hid himself far away, so he was denounced by public opinion at that time. Liu Guangshi once talked with Song Gaozong, and Liu Guangshi said, "I am willing to serve my country as best as I can, and I hope that in the future, historians will rank my contribution first in the history books. Song Gaozong replied, "You can't just talk empty words, you should take some practical actions first. In the early years of Jian 'an, in order to save the family wealth, he secretly made friends with Kang Lu, the trusted in-house attendant. Later, in order to relieve the military power as soon as possible, Liu Guangshi was willing to conform to the secular. Even the right to rape Qin Gui didn't hate him, so he was able to cheat wealth, and he was able to die a fair death. Compared with Han Shizhong and Yue Fei, the generals who devoted their lives to death, Liu Guangshi is really far from it!
At the end of Biography of Zhang Jun, the Yuan Dynasty historian who compiled History of Song Dynasty summarized Zhang Jun's life story:
"Jun Li praised, discussed, Qin Gui also agreed, said everything. When .................................................................................................................................................................................. was 40 years old, you didn't want to go, so Miao attacked him. Find the king of Fengqinghe County, please go to court.
…………
After crossing the south, Cao Jun held a soldier first and made meritorious military service repeatedly. It is as famous as Han Shizhong, Liu Yong and Yue Fei, and as famous as Zhang, Han, Liu and Yue. However, in the battle of Haoshou, there was a gap between the army and Qiang, and Yang Yizhong looked after him alone, so there was a robbery of Haoliang.
Yue Fei's unjust verdict was saved by Han Shizhong, and it was helped by you alone. What a beautiful heart!
The emperor is handsome among the generals, but those who are wary are full of words. Since Huaixi joined the club, he has been taught to read Biography of Guo Ziyi. Call in the ban, avoid competing with the people for profits, construction projects. 』
Yue Fei was born in an ordinary peasant family without a prominent life background. He was originally just a common people at the bottom of society.
In the troubled times when foreign enemies invaded, mountains and rivers were broken and people were devastated, Yue Fei, who was born in poverty, took it as his duty to expel Land Rover, save the people from fire and water and restore the old mountains and rivers. He "saved the tide and helped the building collapse", regardless of personal gains and losses, devoted himself to his death, and made great achievements by relying on his enterprising spirit and indomitable will, and by relying on his own talents and efforts. And this is what makes Yue Fei outstanding.
Although Yue Fei was later framed by traitors before the great cause of serving the country was completed, his fame and deeds have long been praised and admired by future generations.
Before his death, Yue Fei not only made outstanding military achievements, but also enjoyed high prestige among the soldiers and civilians in the Southern Song Dynasty and was highly respected. The Southern Song Dynasty imperial court once relied heavily on Yue Fei. At that time, many officials and generals who knew Yue Fei generally agreed with Yue Fei's ability and talent.
Yue Fei joined the army at the age of 20, and "the column pulled up the school and made achievements in fatigue." After many battles, he grew from an ordinary soldier to a generation of famous soldiers. According to incomplete statistics, Yue Fei participated in more than 60 large-scale battles and hundreds of small-scale battles. In the frequent wars in the early Southern Song Dynasty, Yue Fei exercised his military talents and accumulated rich combat experience, becoming the leading strategist in the Southern Song Dynasty.
Yue Fei continued to be promoted by repeatedly building meritorious military service. Becoming a famous soldier with hundreds of soldiers in his thirties is actually a direct affirmation of Yue Fei's ability and performance by the Southern Song Dynasty court.
Yue Fei is not only outstanding in military ability, but also good at leading troops to train. Yue Fei's army has strong cohesion and great fighting capacity, which can be called "one for ten". In particular, Yue Fei once formed a powerful cavalry unit, which could compete with the Jurchen cavalry supported by Kim for a long time on the battlefield.
Yue Fei was also the most popular general in the Song Dynasty. Yue Fei organized and trained an indestructible anti-gold force-Yue Jiajun, and has been strictly administering the army, maintaining a strict military discipline of "freezing to death without tearing down the house and starving to death without fighting Lu", which is rare and commendable in ancient China.
Yue Fei opposed passive defense, advocated the policy of active attack, implemented strict military discipline, adopted the strategy of "connecting the river with the moon" and adopted the military concept of "benevolence-oriented", which undoubtedly made important contributions to China's ancient military thought.
Although Yue Fei's strategic policy was hindered by Song Gaozong and the Southern Song Dynasty, he still organized large-scale offensive campaigns like the first, second and fourth Northern Expeditions, and trained powerful cavalry units to fight the enemy in the most favorable terrain and season, which was unique at that time.
In the early years of Southern Song Dynasty, Yue Fei was the only commander in chief in Song Jun who had the determination and ability to recover lost territory.
From April to May in A.D. 1 130 (the fourth year of Jian Yan in the Southern Song Dynasty and the eighth year of Jin Hui), Yue Fei led a newly formed anti-Jin army, Yue Jiajun, to engage in dozens of battles with the main force of Jin Jun, and all won the victory. Then, Yue Jiajun seized the strategic location of Jiankang (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) and drove all the nomads from the south of the Yangtze River away. Since then, nomads from never set foot in the south of the Yangtze River.
1 134 (Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty for four years and Tianhui in the Jin Dynasty for twelve years). From May to July, Yue Fei led the army to launch the first Northern Expedition. Yue Jiajun was brave and good at fighting, and defeated the Jin allied forces and the puppet troops one after another, and recovered six counties, including Xiangyang, a strategic place. This is the first time since the founding of the Southern Song Dynasty eight years ago that a large area of lost land has been recovered.
A.D. 1 136 (Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty for six years, Tianhui in the Jin Dynasty for fourteen years). From May to July, Yue Fei led the army to the Northern Expedition again, making a surprise attack and marching into Ilo. Yue Jiajun marched straight into the city and attacked the city all the way to Luoyang. A brilliant victory was achieved, and a large number of trophies were seized in succession, and more than 15,000 war horses were also seized. More than 15,000 horses captured, together with the horses captured by Yue Jiajun in previous battles and some horses allocated by the Southern Song Dynasty court, laid the foundation for Yue Jiajun to form a powerful cavalry unit. Yue Jiajun's March into Ilo was the first decent large-scale counterattack launched after the founding of the Southern Song Dynasty.
At the beginning of June, Yue Fei set off for the Northern Expedition on 1 140 (Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty for ten years and Jin Guotian for three years). After the wars in June, June and July, Yue Jiajun won Lien Chan's victory, swept Jingxi, and reached Linjiang. He successively recovered several strategic locations from Luoyang to Chen Zhou and Cai Zhou, and basically completed the battle plan to clear the outlying strongholds of Kaifeng Prefecture in Tokyo, forming a situation in which things went hand in hand and attacked the main force of Xu Jin Guo's army in Tokyo.
In early and middle July of A.D. 1 140 (Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty was ten years, and Jin Guotian was three years as soon as possible), under the most favorable weather and geographical conditions, Yue Jiajun was still able to win by being outnumbered. He defeated the main force of 8 Jin Army in the battles of Yancheng and Yingchang, advanced into Zhuxian Town, and forced 8 Jin Army to withdraw from Kaifeng Prefecture in Tokyo.
After a bloody battle, Yue Jiajun's soldiers defeated Jin Jun one after another, and the people in the Central Plains gave food to support Yue Jiajun. The northern rebels attacked the city behind the nomads from the north, and the villagers from all over the north also rushed to pull cattle and carts, "to feed the rebels." From the southern foot of Yanshan Mountain, the State of Jin "no longer gives orders". Anti-gold rebels from all walks of life north of the Yellow River are waiting to cooperate with Yue Fei's army to advance northward. -"Hebei has more than 400,000 loyal ministers, all under the name Yue. I hope the citizens will cross the river early! 』
Looking at the history of the Song-Jin War from the end of the Northern Song Dynasty to the second Song-Jin Peace Conference in A.D.11year (the eleventh year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty), as a basic historical fact, the overall situation is getting stronger and stronger, while the Jin army is getting weaker and weaker.
After many battles, Jin people also felt that Yue Jiajun was unstoppable. They exclaimed: "It is easy to shake the mountain, but difficult to shake the Yue family army! 』
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