1904 February 2 1 Born in Nipawa, Manitoba, Canada. 19 19 entered Manitoba university. Hell, he studied art at first, and then transferred to science two years later. 1925 got a bachelor's degree with outstanding achievements in chemistry and physics. This guy doesn't look like the kind of boy who follows the rules. For example, the next year, he got a position as a laboratory demonstrator. On the one hand, he can pay the tuition; on the other hand, he can use the chemicals in the laboratory at will. As a result, he persuaded a barber to give him a free haircut, and he made some shampoo in return. In college, the interest in sailing cultivated in childhood prompted Charles to join the Royal Canadian Navy Volunteer Reserve Division, that is, to train reserve officers. During this period, he received strict training, which is very important for his future development. 1in the autumn of 927, he got a scholarship to study in the Department of Chemistry of University College London, and studied under the famous professor Frederick Donnan with excellent results. During this period, as a reserve officer of the Canadian Navy, Charles continued to serve in the Royal Navy on a regular basis, involving a wide range of ships, from submarines and minesweepers to three different destroyers, and also stayed on four battleships. During this period, he became a torpedo expert and was promoted from 65438 to 0936 Navy Major. At this time, he has focused on naval research.

I still feel that we should apply the old saying, integrating theory with practice, and special experiences make special talents. Charles has a background in scientific engineering, better than mathematics and physics, and has rich experience at sea. More importantly, he has strong social skills in organization and management. No wonder he later made great contributions to the Royal Navy.

In view of the shortcomings of deep-water bombs and the threat of German submarines, the Royal Navy put forward the basic requirements for new anti-submarine weapons: launching from the bow of anti-submarine ships; The transmission area should be large, and the damage probability should be improved.

Deep-water bombs are ready-made, and it is not impossible to launch them at the bow. MK ⅶ depth charge tried to launch in front of the bow, but to launch this 4 10 kg depth charge to a distance of 300 meters, the recoil force generated by its propellant made the deck frame of small ships unbearable and unable to sink vertically quickly. Besides, hundreds of kilograms of deep bombs are a lot of bottles and cans to use, which is bulky and takes up space. Let's put it at the stern. It's not practical for a boat to occupy the bow. After all, small ships are the main force of anti-submarine. Obviously, another idea must be put forward.

At that time, Charles was serving on the Royal Navy Vernon, and he heard about the experiment of a new anti-submarine weapon launched from the bow of the Osprey. Charles was well aware of the threat of German submarines and devoted himself to this work. In 40 years 165438+ 10, Charles' final solution was the famous hedgehog bomb.

Ironically, things have been developed, and it is a big problem to show and convince the military equipment. Churchill had to make the final decision. But Churchill of 1940 is very busy every day, and it is useless to apply step by step. It happened that the military was about to show Churchill a new type of anti-tank shell nearby. After the demonstration, Charles and others reluctantly dragged Churchill to the proving ground in Whitchurch. However, the experiment was so successful that Churchill was moved at once. He fired four times in a row and forgot his lunch. Of course, there will be a green light all the way. In fact, the next morning, Admiral Pound, the First Minister of the Navy, wrote to ask him when he could give him a demonstration and promised to put it into production.