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Architectural Features of Jianshui Jia Zhu Garden
The main entrance of Diaohuagatehouse is tiled roof with three layers of water couplets. There are three elegant eaves above the door, which are engraved with meaningful patterns: on the first eaves, there are several fish and two golden dragons carved, which means "fish jumps over the dragon gate"; On the second double eaves, Chaoyang and four magpies are engraved, which means "four happiness is coming" and "prosperity"; The third double eaves are carved with bergamot, peaches and pears, incense burners, Aquarius and other things, symbolizing "Fu Lushou". The golden horse and blue chicken hollowed out on the carving bucket next to it means "resplendent and magnificent" The legend of Golden Horse and Biji is two kinds of gods beside Dianchi Lake in ancient times, and now it has become a symbol of Yunnan. There are a pair of stone drums engraved with dragon and phoenix patterns in front of the gate. It is said that it took two masons a year to finish the work. Two masons dedicated the masterpieces of their lives to the world; Zhu Jia left this magnificent building with silver and painstaking efforts.

Into the gate is home, is three sets of three into the yard, side by side. Stepping into the middle door, there is a flower wall with a moon door on it. The words "obey the rules" are written on the top and "pay attention to your words and deeds" are written on the back. On the central axis of the courtyard, the front hall, the middle hall and the back hall are arranged in turn. The front hall is connected with the greenhouse on the left, and there are three rooms. The roof is rolled up and the beauty is placed on both sides. After enjoying flowers and fish in the garden, the host can take a nap here. Fine patterns are carved on all sides of Langfang. At that time, the garden outside the drawing room was the favorite place of the Zhujiajian masters and ladies. They are here to compose poems, and they also read a dream of red mansions that stirs people's hearts over and over again. In this mansion modeled after the Grand View Garden, they yearn for their own spring again and again.

The plaque hanging in the drawing room was cast by Zhu when he was awarded the rank for participating in the Lin 'an Uprising of the Revolution of 1911. There is also an inscription on the column by Cai E, the governor of Yunnan Province: "Do things with courage, not be a man." Zhu's bedroom is asymmetrical, high and inclined inward. People in the garden explained that this is "crooked ways", which means to ward off evil spirits. The north of Zhujiajian Island Garden is high, and the main entrance of the house will gradually become higher. In addition, the axis is skewed, so outsiders can't see clearly inside, but insiders can accurately see outside. Its purpose is to hide the owner's privacy and monitor people's actions.

On both sides of the living room with the words "Lieutenant General" written on it are Miss Zhujiajian Island's embroidered building and boudoir. The story of "When the sun rises, you stand by and watch the bamboo column, but you don't hate the spring remnant" in "Sweet Lady's Silence" seems to happen behind the scenes at any time!

1998 During the renovation of Zhujiajian Island Garden, the managers also found the poems painted with red circles by Miss Zhujiajian Island when she was studying poetry. Now, they are also in the photo exhibition of Jia Zhu Garden, and those beautiful handwriting still exudes the breath and pulse of youth.

Boudoir, vase, bed, inkstone, curtain, lyre, etc. They are all there (antique products) and look like beauties of the Qing Dynasty. This folk "Grand View Garden", like A Dream of Red Mansions, has no tragic color of escaping fate. Those lovely, noble and spiritual women were born in troubled times. These weak women recorded the world in their eyes with frightened words: "No matter how hard they try, they will never settle down, and they will be trapped in tears." It's cold in mid-spring and September. Where are the gunshots? "and" where there is black smoke, and then it is booming. "Soldiers and bandits are fighting to recover (fire), and good people are afraid to save their lives." The shepherd boy has a way to go, and there is no wrong way to escape. Every day Guanyin worships, and the flesh and blood return to their hometown early. "

Walking through the pavilions of "Xufangge", "Yulou" and "Honglou", couplets show the elegance and taste of the owner of a luxury house. Exquisite flowers and trees scattered at random and layers of courtyards with winding paths make the whole garden full of mystery and nobility.

Zhu's ancestral hall to the east of the mansion is also a courtyard with three entrances. There are more than 500 words of "Zhu Jiaxun" hanging on the wall-"Get up at dawn, sweep the yard, and be clean inside and out. If you are unconscious, rest, and close the door. " A porridge and a meal are hard to come by; Half-hearted, persistent thinking about material difficulties ","children and grandchildren should read classics no matter how stupid ","don't be greedy for unexpected wealth, don't drink too much. Don't take advantage of trade with your shoulders. When you see a poor neighbor, you must warm your heart. "There used to be a pool called Goose Lake. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhu gave lectures at the Goose Lake Temple in Lead Mountain, Jiangxi Province. There is a waterside pavilion in front of the pool, which is the stage of Zhujiajian Island. There are also 24 poems, paintings and reliefs carved on both sides of the stone fence on the pond, one of which depicts the beautiful scene of the Zhujiajian family in the past:

The garden next to the ancestral temple is picturesque, and Gui Lan and the sun are spitting strange incense.

The land is properly close to the North Pole, and the sinking pool is in the middle.

Red lotus reflects sunlight, and blue marsh is long without waves.

It's best to be near the window sill at night. The water outside the stone railing is cold.

As you can imagine, Mrs. Huang, Zhu's mother, led her children and grandchildren's families to sit in the elegant Hua Tang and watch the human drama, just like in the Grand View Garden.

Behind Huatang is the family. It is here that the Zhu brothers discuss state affairs and family affairs. According to Zhu's descendants, at that time, Zhu's family 100 people had dinner together, which was very lively and spectacular, just like primary school students are on duty now. At that time, each daughter-in-law took turns cooking once every five days. The most "brilliant" meal in Zhu's memory was the death of Zhu's mother, Mrs. Huang. At that time, there was no fire in Lin 'an City (now Jianshui) for two days, and Zhu's garden was full of tables to eat. It is said that the pig slayer only walked over and stabbed the pig after others tied it up, and the rest was in charge of others, but he killed it all day long.

Due to the relatively mild climate in the south, all the rooms in Zhujiajian Island are open, and the doors are connected with the doors and the courtyards. Pavilions and pavilions, corridors and doorways, layered on top of each other, are like a small and lovely maze.

There is also a well in the patio, which is different from others. The water in the well is not only inexhaustible, but even better, its water level is always higher than the ground. At that time, the Zhu family regarded it as a "financial source." Because her water level is extremely high. You can reach the water surface without a bucket. There is a small hole near the well. It is said that when the water level is the highest, well water will overflow from small holes and flow to the four corners of the courtyard, which is also called "financial resources rolling". Legend has it that the reason why Zhujiajian Island's financial resources are rolling in is also related to the geomantic omen of this well. Because of the high water level, it will be rolling in financial resources.

Jia Zhu gardens and courtyards are stacked on top of each other, with rows of houses; Tilt angle turns to rafters, steep ridge cornices, and the roof is curved and streamlined; Forty-two large and small patios paved with bluestone slabs, hundreds of wooden doors, flower windows and painted pavilions are dazzling; Beautiful shape, patchwork, winding path, wealth and elegance. As soon as visitors enter Jia Zhu Garden, they will marvel at the superb architectural art of this large residential building. A very luxurious courtyard shows a long series of landscapes, which not only shows the prosperity of the Zhujiajian family, but also lays out the spatial rules of family etiquette.

In fact, every brick and painting in Zhujiajian Island Garden reveals the secret of this family. All the exquisite door and window carvings with rich meanings still make us feel that a family is rich and deep in the heart, precious, sacred and traditional under the traditional moral etiquette.

Courtyard love and nostalgic feelings, the exquisite home art here contains the Zhu family's clan concept of attaching importance to harmony and sincere hope for family prosperity, inherits the dream and glory of the Zhu family for a hundred years, and historical memory renders the legendary story of the Zhu family.

Jia Zhu Garden is a precious architectural historical and cultural heritage of Jianshui, and it is the product of the combination of Han architectural art and local ethnic minority architectural art. Sculpture and painting have absorbed the content and skills of ethnic minorities and added features. In the construction of gardens in Jia Zhu, great attention is paid to the harmony between residence and local natural environment. Bamboo and wood are planted in the park, lotus fish ponds are built, and rice fields are reserved, so that houses can be integrated into the scenery of Jiangnan water town. The water stage makes the audience feel the air is fresh. More than 40 patios have added lighting surfaces. The doors and windows are exquisitely carved and varied, which is not only conducive to ventilation, but also makes people feel beautiful. The beds, tables, chairs and stools in the room are all purple wood carvings, which are the embodiment of the Qing dynasty style.

The architectural art and skills, layout and design, sculpture and painting of Jia Zhu gardens are still worthy of inheritance and reference in today's architecture, which plays an important role in promoting national architectural art culture and decorative culture.

Jia Zhu Garden is a shocking whole, reminiscent of the Summer Palace and Grand View Garden in A Dream of Red Mansions. There is reason to say that it is shocking. First, it is amazing that such a large-scale building can appear in the southwest border. Third, it is a private mansion, which is even more embarrassing. Thirdly, the height of humanity, geography and technology in its architecture is unimaginable.

It can be said that it is not outstanding that there is no Zhujiajian Island Garden in the ancient city of Lin 'an. As a private mansion, why does Zhujiajian Island Garden become a masterpiece of an ideal city? This has a lot to do with thousands of years of historical system in China, and it is also the result of thousands of years of history. This can be traced back to the rise and fall of Zhujiajian Island, and its connotation is unparalleled, at least it is a milestone in the evolution of the trend. Such a large-scale and well-preserved housing complex is rare in China. Sun Tieqing, the former director of National Cultural Heritage Administration, once wrote an inscription: "Jia Zhu ancestral temple, gorgeous houses, open tourism, good water on one side."

Anyone who has been to Jianshui will admire the gardens in Jia Zhu. They are always reluctant to say that it is excellent and beautiful, even if they stay in it for one night, they will be very happy. However, how many tourists wandering in such a beautiful residence will care about the original owner of this old house? What kind of people are they? What kind of stories have they had? Where have their descendants gone now?