1.** Camouflage header information * *: simulate the real browser request by setting and modifying header information such as User-Agent and Referer to avoid being recognized as non-human access by the server.

2.** Use proxy IP**: Access the target websites in turn through proxy IP to prevent IP blocking caused by frequent access.

3.** Set the visit interval * *: Don't visit the same server or website too frequently. You can set a certain interval to simulate people's normal visit habits, so as to reduce the risk of being detected.

4.** Use cookies and sessions to maintain sessions * *: Some websites may require users to log in to perform certain operations, so cookies and sessions are needed to maintain status.

5.** Simulate login and process verification code * *: Some websites need to log in and process verification code. At this time, tools such as Selenium can be used to simulate user behavior, and OCR technology can also be used to identify the verification code.

6.** Distributed crawler * *: The crawling task is distributed to multiple machines through the distributed system, which reduces the frequency of single IP access.

7.**JavaScript rendering and dynamic loading data processing * *: Now many websites use AJAX technology to dynamically load data, so you need to use special libraries (such as Selenium and Puppeteer). ) to process this dynamic page.

8.** Abide by the Robots Agreement * *: Respect the provisions in the website Robots.txt file, and don't grab pages that are forbidden to access.

Please note that although we can use these means for anti-crawling, we must respect the rules of the target website and the privacy of users in actual operation and abide by relevant laws and regulations.