Biographical notes
19 18, from the private school in my hometown to the "foreign school" in the county, I began to accept new ideas. /kloc-0 entered the primary school attached to Changde No.2 Normal University in March, 924. /kloc-in the spring of 0/925, he was admitted to Changde Hunan Provincial Second Normal College. Soon, Chiang Kai-shek launched the "Four? 6? 1 12 "counter-revolutionary coup, the president of Changde Second Division was killed, and Su Yu and other progressive students were secretly transferred to Wuchang. Arranged by the Party Organization to be the monitor of the teaching brigade of the 24th Division in Ye Ting. 1926 Join the Communist Youth League of China. In June, he joined China. August 1926, participated in the famous Nanchang Uprising. Then Zhu De and Chen Yi moved to Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangdong and Hunan and started their military career. 1928 65438+ 10 month, arrived in Jinggangshan after attending the Hunan uprising.
After 1929, Su Yu was successively promoted to company commander, battalion commander, head and teacher of the Red Twelve Army Corps, chief of staff of the Red Four Army Corps, chief of staff of the Red Eleven Army Corps and chief of staff of the Red Seven Army Corps. Participated in the struggle to create revolutionary base areas in southern Jiangxi and western Fujian, and smashed the enemy's four large-scale "encirclement and suppression" wars. In the battle, he always took the lead and went forward bravely. He was injured many times and his left arm was shot and disabled.
1July, 934, Su Yu led an anti-Japanese advance team composed of the Red Seven Army Corps to the Fujian-Zhejiang-Jiangxi base area and set up the Red Ten Army Corps as the chief of staff. Later, he went to the Anhui-Zhejiang-Jiangxi border region to create a revolutionary base area. Due to the fierce siege and interception of the enemy, the Red Ten Army suffered heavy losses. 1935 65438+ 10, the Red Army Advance Division was established, and he served as the division commander. In June 5438+10, the temporary provincial party committee and the temporary provincial military region in the Fujian-Zhejiang border region of the Communist Party of China were established one after another, and Su Yu served as the organization minister of the provincial party committee and commander of the military region, thus creating the revolutionary base area in southern Zhejiang. Defeated the enemy's repeated "encirclement and suppression" and persisted in guerrilla warfare for three years.
After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Su Yu was appointed as the deputy commander of the second detachment of the New Fourth Army, advancing behind enemy lines in the south of the Yangtze River. 1938 June 17, ambushed the enemy in Weigang, killed more than 30 Japanese soldiers under the dirt well, destroyed 5 cars and seized more than 20 guns. The first battle of this campaign was successful, which broke the myth that the Japanese army was invincible and opened a new situation of the war of resistance in Jiangnan.
1in July, 940, Chen Yi and Su Yu led more than 7,000 people of the New Fourth Army into northern Jiangsu. In September, the anti-Japanese base area in northern Jiangsu with Huangqiao as the center was established, and Su Yu was appointed as the deputy commander. 10 On June 4th, the battle of Huangqiao started. Although outnumbered, Su Yu, with his extraordinary courage and wisdom, rationally arranged his troops and adopted the tactics of luring the enemy in depth, dividing his troops and surrounding him, and making a surprise attack. He wiped out the enemy in the movement and achieved brilliant results with few troops. Destroyed more than 1 1000 people and seized a large number of munitions, guns and ammunition. The victory of the decisive battle of Huangqiao completed the strategic task of opening up northern Jiangsu and opened up a new situation of the war of resistance in Central China.
194 1 10 After the "Southern Anhui Incident", Su Yu was appointed as the first division commander of the New Fourth Army (later as the political commissar) and the commander and political commissar of the Suzhong Military Region. 1March, 942, concurrently served as secretary of the Central Jiangsu District Party Committee, attaching importance to local armed construction. 1in March, 943, in the Axle Campaign under his command, more than 460 Japanese officers and men led by Colonel Misawa were annihilated and 50 enemy bunkers were destroyed. 1February, 945, led the first division to cross the river south and served as commander and political commissar of Jiangsu and Zhejiang Military Region. He commanded three anti-stubborn battles in western Zhejiang and annihilated 13000 people. 1in June, 945, he was elected as an alternate member of the Central Committee at the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC).
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, he served as deputy commander of the Central China Military Region and commander of the Central China Field Army from 65438 to 0945. He commanded the Gaoyou Campaign and the Xu (Zhou) Hai (Zhou) section of the Longhai Line, wiped out more than 20,000 puppet troops who refused to surrender, and prepared favorable conditions for interior-line operations to meet the attack of Kuomintang troops, thus connecting Central China and Shandong Liberated Areas. 1946 After Chiang Kai-shek launched a full-scale civil war in June, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China adopted his suggestion, changed the plan that the three armies of Taihang, Shandong and Central China attacked exterior lines at the same time, and agreed that the main force of the Central China Field Army would fight in the interior lines of Central China first. Since July, he has commanded more than 30,000 people in the Central China Field Army to fight against the Kuomintang army with10.2 million American-made equipment. Seven wins out of seven. In every battle, we concentrated our absolute superior forces to wipe out the enemy, killing more than 53,000 people in a month and a half, which inspired the confidence of the soldiers and civilians in the liberated areas to dare to fight and win, and provided practical experience for the operational guidance in the early days of the liberation war. The Central Military Commission informed the whole army of the Soviet Union's combat experience and asked all districts to "act accordingly". In June 5438+00, after the Shandong and Central China field armies joined forces, they were responsible for the campaign command according to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China's decision.
1947 1 Deputy Commander of East China Field Army, still in charge of campaign command. Strategically, he was still on the inside, commanding battles in northern Jiangsu, southern Shandong, Laiwu, Taiwan Alliance, Meng Lianggu and so on, annihilating seven Kuomintang armies (BGF divisions) and the 1 Fast Column, including the BGF 74th Division known as the "Royal Army". After the People's Liberation Army turned to the strategic offensive, together with Chen Yi, it led the main force of the East China Field Army into the southwest of Shandong, covered the main force of the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Field Army to go south to Dabie Mountain, commanded the Shajiji Campaign, wiped out the enemy with 1 reorganization division, and forced the enemy to dispatch four reorganization divisions from Shandong and Dabie Mountain to help, thus realizing the transformation of the East China theater from inside to outside and from strategic defense to strategic attack, and then advancing into the border region of Henan, Anhui and Jiangsu. He observed the development of the military and political situation. In 1948+65438 10 and April, he proposed that three columns should temporarily cross the river and concentrate their forces on fighting a big annihilation war in Huanghuai area, which was adopted by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. In May, Chen Yifeng was transferred to work in the Central Plains. He used to be the acting commander and political commissar of the East China Field Army. In June, he served as commander of the Henan-Anhui Soviet area. In June and July, he commanded eight columns of the East China Field Army and two columns of the Central Plains Field Army to carry out the Eastern Henan Campaign, wiped out more than 90,000 enemy troops, won a large-scale siege and aid to Vietnam, changed the strategic situation of the battlefields in the Central Plains and East China, disrupted the defense system of the Kuomintang army, and created favorable conditions for a larger-scale annihilation war later. In September, he commanded the battle of Jinan, conquered Jinan, a fortified city, and wiped out more than 65,438+10,000 people. On September 24th, the proposal of Huaihai Campaign was put forward. With the approval of the Central Military Commission, the Central Plains fought side by side with the East China Field Army and launched the Huaihai Campaign on June 6 165438. 1October 8th, 165438+ jointly put forward with Zhang zhen, deputy chief of staff of the East China Field Army, an important proposal to keep the main force of the Kuomintang army in Xuzhou and its surrounding areas and gradually annihilate it, which was adopted by the Central Military Commission, and played a positive role in expanding the scale of the Huaihai Campaign and developing it into a strategic decisive battle on the southern front. During the campaign, as a member of the General Front Committee of the Hai Huai Front, he directly commanded the East China Field Army 17 column. With the strategic vision and courage of an outstanding strategist, he made great contributions to the victory of Huaihai Campaign. The Huaihai Campaign wiped out more than 550,000 Kuomintang troops, and the East China Field Army under the command of Su Yu wiped out 440,000 enemy troops. Mao Zedong once said: "In the Huaihai Campaign, Su Yu made the first contribution!" At present, most military history researchers believe that the substantive process of the Huaihai Campaign was promoted by Su Yu.
1949 1 Deputy Commander and Second Deputy Political Commissar of the Third Field Army (still acting as Commander and Political Commissar). In the Battle of Crossing the River, the commander pursued and annihilated five fleeing enemies in langxi and Guangde Mountain areas in southern Anhui, and liberated Nanjing and Hangzhou. In May, he commanded the battle of Shanghai, wiped out eight main enemy forces outside Shanghai, and saved Shanghai from serious damage. He has served as deputy director of Shanghai Military Management Committee, director of Nanjing Military Management Committee, mayor of Nanjing, and vice chairman of East China Military and Political Committee. In the war of liberation, he was full of strategic foresight, good at handling the relationship between strategy and campaign, campaign and stage, concentrating and transferring troops in time, winning a series of important battles and accumulating rich experience in organizing and commanding large corps operations.
On September 30th, 1949, the party and the state held a groundbreaking ceremony for the Monument to the People's Heroes in Tiananmen Square. Chairman Mao Zedong was the first person to shovel dirt. When he got up, he pulled Zhu De, crossed many people and pulled Su Yu. The three of them went forward together to shovel dirt for the monument. Liu Bocheng, an army god, once said: Su Yu is the best general in our army.
After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), he served as deputy chief of staff of China People's Revolutionary Military Commission, chief of staff of China People's Liberation Army, deputy minister of national defense, vice president of Academy of Military Sciences, first political commissar and standing committee member of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China (CPC). 1955 was awarded the rank of general and won the first-class August 1st Medal, the first-class Medal of Independence and Freedom and the first-class Medal of Liberation. He is a member of the 8th-11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, a member of the 1st-3rd National Defense Commission, a vice-chairman of the 3rd-5th National People's Congress, and a member of the the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China Advisory Committee.
1958 was wrongly criticized at the enlarged meeting of the military commission and was treated unfairly for a long time. In the same year, he was transferred to Deputy Minister of National Defense and Vice President of Academy of Military Sciences. 1972 served as the first political commissar of the Academy of Military Sciences. He devoted himself to upholding and developing Mao Zedong's military thought and advocated studying military dialectics. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, it was proposed that we should emancipate our minds in the military field and study and answer new questions raised by modern warfare. He is a pioneer in the research and practice of military science. During the Cultural Revolution, he was a member of the State Council Business Group. Under the leadership of Zhou Enlai, he was responsible for railway, transportation, post and telecommunications, port construction and shipbuilding.
1984 died in Beijing on February 5th. After his death, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China said in his obituary that he was "particularly good at commanding large armies to fight", which was unique among the founding generals.