Pine and bamboo never wither in winter, and plum blossoms bloom in cold days, so it is called "three friends in cold". Plum, bamboo and stone are three friends, because plum is cold and beautiful, bamboo is thin and longevity, and stone is ugly and elegant. When getting married in the old society, couplets of "Bamboo shoots are born on the edge of bamboo, plum blossoms are solid" were often posted around the gate, because "Bamboo shoots" are related to grandchildren. Divided into three groups, simple lines represent pine, bamboo and plum to form a pattern: a doorway composed of pine, bamboo and plum.
Bamboo is mainly distributed in the south, and there are some in the north. There is a "Zizhuyuan" park in Beijing, where there are many bamboos. There are also many on the campus of Peking University. In my "small garden", I also planted several trees, which are growing well. There are always green shadows in front of the window all year round. It can also be seen as "occupying a small garden with amorous feelings". Bamboo is an important material: it has its place in building houses and making furniture. Bamboo shoots are also delicious on the table and often enter the homes of ordinary people. Bamboo can be made into flutes and flutes, giving off the "unvoiced sound" of silk and bamboo music. Therefore, bamboo is more favored by scholars than pine trees. But bamboo has one disadvantage, that is, it doesn't bloom at ordinary times. There is no exquisite beauty. It is the general name of tall trees and grasses of Gramineae. There are more than 75 genera and 65,438+0,000 species recorded in botanical literature, but many of them are synonyms. Bamboo is a tall and fast-growing herb. The stems are made of wood. They are distributed in tropical, subtropical and warm temperate regions-East Asia, Southeast Asia, Indian Ocean and Pacific islands. A few species of hedgehog bamboo are native to the southern United States, and grow on river banks or swamps, forming dense bamboo groves and bamboo forests.
Bamboo is a symbol of elegance, purity, humility and restraint. In Zhou Tianhou's "Bamboo Fu", it is more dust-free to have a hard time. When a gentleman is cold, he weaves the Spring Festival green. This is its portrayal. There are almost no gardens and bamboos in ancient and modern gardens, but there are bamboos in the house. The windows are blown in spring and the air is full. The bamboo shadow is swaying and picturesque. The green leaves never fade in winter, so they are exquisite and handsome. Throughout the ages, "one day can't leave this gentleman" has become the preference of many literati. Bamboo is one of the forest resources. There are about 70 genera 1200 species of bamboo plants in the world, mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, and a few in temperate and cold regions. And it is very sensitive, and the distribution of water and heat on the surface dominates the geographical distribution of bamboo. Southeast Asia is located in the tropics and subtropics, and is influenced by the convergence of monsoon in the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean. This is an ideal ecological environment for bamboo growth and the center of bamboo distribution in the world. Bamboo often forms a mixed forest with other tree species, and it is under the main forest layer, which was rarely paid attention to in the past. When the upper forest is cut down, bamboo has the characteristics of fast growth and strong reproduction, and soon returns to secondary bamboo forest. With the continuous expansion of bamboo's use and high economic value, people plant bamboo for afforestation, forming artificial forest, secondary bamboo forest and artificial bamboo forest, and spreading around with its powerful underground stems. Therefore, in recent decades, the forest area on the earth's surface has been decreasing year by year (according to statistics, since 1988, tropical forests have disappeared by an average of 24.25 million hm2 every year). It disappears by 46. 14hm2 per minute, but the bamboo forest area is expanding day by day. At present, the bamboo forest area in the world is about 22 million hm2. The geographical distribution of bamboo in the world can be divided into three bamboo areas, namely, Asia-Pacific bamboo area, American bamboo area and African bamboo area. Some scholars list "introduction areas in Europe and North America" separately. Although plum blossoms have not spread all over the country, even many northerners have not seen them with their own eyes. However, due to the introduction of Europe and North America, this is determined by the collective subconscious formed by national history. When many painters in China paint plum blossoms, they stand out from the withered and tortuous old trees covered with snow and blossom plum blossoms.
Plum blossom is one of the top ten traditional famous flowers in China, with excellent posture, color, fragrance and rhyme. Lin Hejing, a poet in the Song Dynasty, vividly described the beauty and charm of plum blossom in his poem "The shadow is thin and the water is shallow, and the fragrance floats on the moon and dusk". When it snows all over the sky, the unique plum blossom is proudly cold and in full bloom, symbolizing people's extraordinary and refined character. Pine trees are usually evergreen trees and are rarely used. Song Tao; Pine needles; Turpentine oil; Songting (a pavilion with pine trees next to it); Live pine (pine and cypress branches and leaves are tied into the shapes of people, cranes, deer, pavilions and so on. , and as a funerary object, it is called free range); Turpentine (turpentine); Pine fan (fan made of soft pine bark in ancient times); Pine sticks (branches and leaves of pine trees); Pine (turpentine); Song Hualv (also known as "Songhua" and "Luzon"). Dark green, dark green); Pine trees (pine and bamboo) pine trees
Pine trees are evergreen all the year round, with tall and straight posture, dense branches and leaves, surrounded by stratus clouds and stacked obliquely, just as Ma Yuan and Liu Songnian wrote. In the bleak winter, pine trees are still lush and full of vitality, symbolizing youth and perseverance. The characteristics of pine trees are what people in China admire most.
loose
The gloomy valley bottom is loose, and it is far from the seedlings on the mountain. It is a hundred feet away from the trunk. (Jin Taikang Zuo Si)
There are 100-foot-long and 10-yard-long pine trees around. They were born at the bottom of the canyon, cold and crude. (Don Bai Juyi)
The snow pressed the pine and cypress, and the pine and cypress stood tall and straight. (Rola Chen)
Slippery moss is not caused by rain, and pine singing is true. (Tang Hanshanzi)
The wind blows itself away, but the snow in the waterfall is hard to disappear. (Tang Huangfu Zeng)
The sky is pine and cypress, and the Lucy Ridge is dawn. (Don Xu Hun)
Monks are cold on the rocks between pines, and streams are urgent in the middle of the night. (Don Lu Guimeng)
Through the juniper sword, the palace is surrounded by five peaks. (Song Xia Song)
The pine wind blows the dew, and the green and wet waves are fragrant. (stone)
Both corridors are beautiful, and the sound of nine miles is loose. (Song Hongshi)
It should be guarded by a mountain god. As soon as the wind relaxes, it will sweep away the dust. (Song Taizhang)
Whispering in the sea, the moon is full of osmanthus, and the smile is long and windless. (Song Hesun)
A kind of bamboo
Zhu Hao Lianshan feels the fragrance of bamboo shoots (Su Song Shi)
In the middle of the night, the wind and bamboo knock on the autumn rhyme, and the leaves are full of hate (Song Ouyang Xiu)
When you, my love, rode a bamboo horse, trotted around in circles and threw your childhood, we lived together, and we were all young and happy in an alley in Qingkan (Don Li Bai)
Poetry and Zen are idle and let him flow to the world (Tang Jiayou)
The bamboo shoots are scattered, and the mountain wind blows the window clouds (Yuan Sadulla)
The wind brings me the fragrance of lotus flowers, and the music of dew drops from bamboo leaves (Don Meng Haoran)
Song Xin hates thousands of feet less, and the evil bamboo should be chopped ("Tang Du Fu")
One year old in firecrackers (Anshi, Wang Song)
She forgot the thin silk sleeves and the cold, and leaned against a tall bamboo in the sunset (Don Du Fu)
No meat makes people thin, and no bamboo makes people vulgar (Su Song Dongpo)
Hsinchu has become a bamboo in the hall, and the fallen flowers are full of bird's nest mud (Song Zhou Bangyan)
Because of the monk's words, I will stay for half a day (photo by Tang Li)
Bamboo poles and sandals are lighter than horses. Who's scared? Mist and rain are coming, and the wind fills the building (history)
Chinese plum
It's not freezing in the cold, but plum blossoms come naturally (Zen master Tang)
When I came back, I smiled and smelled plum blossoms. Spring is already in the branches (Song Mouni's enlightenment poem)
When you, my love, rode a bamboo horse, trotted around in circles and threw your childhood, we lived together, and we were all young and happy in an alley in Qingkan (Don Li Bai)
Plum blossoms are like snow, and they are full (five generations of Li Yu)
The snow in Mei Xu Xun is three points white, but there is a piece of Mei Xiang missing from the snow (Mei Po, Song Lu)
It rains at home in Huangmei season, and frogs are everywhere in the grass pond (Zhao Shixiu Song)
How to turn it into hundreds of billions, one plum blossom (Song Luyou)
There is no way back to the valley in the stream, and suddenly there are one or two plum blossoms (Song Yang Wanli)
Count Plum Blossoms (Song/Yuan Wengsen)
As usual, there are plum blossoms in front of the window, and when will there be a bright moon (thunder)
Yichuan Tobacco, Mancheng, Plum and Yellow Rain (Song)
Mei has no snow and no spirit, and snow has no poetry and no vulgarity (Mei Po, Song Lu)