Patriotic health campaign
Do a good job in health and disease prevention, as a major event related to the success or failure of the revolution. 1933, Comrade Mao Zedong pointed out in the article "Investigation in Changgang Township": "Disease is the enemy in the Soviet area because it weakens our strength. Like Changgang Township, it is the responsibility of every township Soviet to carry out public health campaigns to reduce or even eliminate diseases. "
During War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation, the government of Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region listed the health campaign in the whole region as the policy agenda. 194 1 year, the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border region set up an epidemic prevention Committee to carry out a military-civilian health campaign centered on killing flies and rats and preventing plague and cholera.
Edit the movement progress of this paragraph 1949 1949, implement the health work policy of putting prevention first, and continue to carry out mass health campaigns. 1In the spring of 952, U.S. imperialism launched a germ war against North Korea and China in the war of aggression against North Korea. In the tide of defending the country and defending the country, it promoted the in-depth development of mass health and epidemic prevention campaigns. People call this great movement "Patriotic Health Movement". The CPC Central Committee affirmed this.
Patriotic health campaign
First, indicate the names of leading institutions at all levels, hereinafter collectively referred to as "patriotic health campaign committee". At the same time, it is a principle of health work to combine health work with mass health movement. Comrade Mao Zedong called for "mobilizing, paying attention to hygiene, reducing diseases, improving health and crushing the enemy's germ warfare". The patriotic health campaign has not only won the unanimous support and participation of the whole country, but also won international praise. In each historical period of socialist revolution and socialist construction, it has shown its great role of "changing customs and transforming the country" and achieved fruitful results.
During the period of1949-19521949-1952, that is, the period of national economic recovery, in order to change the unsanitary situation and the serious epidemic situation of infectious diseases in old China, mass health campaigns were widely carried out all over the country. During the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea and Crush American Imperialism, under the leadership of the Central Committee for Epidemic Prevention, a new upsurge of mass health campaigns was quickly set off in various places. The scale of the movement, the number of participants and the remarkable achievements are unprecedented. In only half a year, more than 50,000 tons of garbage130,000 were cleared, 280,000 kilometers of channels were dredged, 4.9 million toilets were built and water wells130,000 were rebuilt. A total of more than 44 million rats were saved, and more than 2 million Jin of mosquitoes, flies and fleas were eliminated. Also filled a large number of sewage pits; The sanitary conditions in urban and rural areas have been improved to varying degrees.
1953- 1966 during the period of socialist transformation and construction, the State Council issued an instruction to continue the patriotic health campaign, demanding that the city's factories and mines be the focus, and that surprise activities should be combined with regular cleaning. With the development of work, many factories and mines have established various systems such as clean pair and clean day; Keep the environment inside and outside the workshop, dormitory, canteen and toilet clean, gradually reduce the prevalence rate of employees, improve the health level of employees and promote the development of production tasks.
/kloc-in the winter of 0/955, a notice drafted by Comrade Mao Zedong said: combining the patriotic health campaign with the "four pests" and stressing hygiene will play a very good role in preventing and controlling human and animal diseases and ensuring health. 1956 65438+ 10 12, People's Daily published an editorial entitled "Eliminating Four Pests", calling on the people of the whole country to take action to eliminate rats, sparrows, flies and mosquitoes. It is a detour in the patriotic health campaign to classify sparrows as "harmful birds", but the "four pests" campaign has played an active and effective role in the prevention and control of infectious diseases and epidemics. [ 1]
1960 In March, the National Agricultural Development Program (1956- 1967) adopted by the National People's Congress included "eliminating four pests" and stressing hygiene in the program. Under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee and governments at all levels, mobilizing the broad masses to actively participate has also achieved immediate results. Many cities and rural areas have removed a lot of rubbish and dirt. The "four evils" have been greatly reduced, and the face has taken on a new look.
The CPC Central Committee pointed out in the "Instructions on Health Work" issued by 1960: "The Central Committee now reminds comrades to pay attention to this problem and restart the patriotic health campaign that has been relaxed in the past two years." And put forward a famous slogan: "be proud of hygiene and be ashamed of unsanitary." At the national conference on urban and rural health held successively in 1960, two advanced typical experiences of transforming the health appearance of old urban and rural areas in Jieshan County, Shanxi Province and Foshan City, Guangdong Province were introduced and popularized. New progress has been made in patriotic health campaigns around the country.
1966-19761966-1976 during the "cultural revolution", many health service institutions, including patriotic health campaign committee and its offices at all levels, merged, and some of their staff were laid off and some were diverted; Some work was forced to stop, leading to the deterioration of health conditions in many cities and rural areas, and the epidemic situation reappeared. This phenomenon has been reflected in the Party Central Committee. At that time, Comrade Zhou Enlai repeatedly instructed to continue the patriotic health campaign, and personally organized and guided the epidemic prevention team and supported the mobile medical team in the northwest region to control the epidemic situation of infectious diseases and improve the situation of lack of doctors and medicines and poor health conditions. During this period, local health and epidemic prevention professionals and patriotic health campaign workers went deep into reality, publicized health science knowledge and made efforts to improve environmental sanitation. In rural areas, the measures taken to solve the two basic problems of water management and manure management and improve environmental sanitation conditions have been welcomed by farmers and summarized as "two management and five reforms", namely, water management and manure management, wells, toilets, barns, stoves and environment. "Two management and five reforms" has become the specific requirement and action goal of organizing and guiding the patriotic health campaign in rural areas.
1978-19951978-1995, China entered the period of reform and opening up. Since the Third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee, the patriotic health movement has entered a new historical period. In April, 1978, the State Council issued the Notice on Persisting in Carrying out Patriotic Health Campaign, requesting patriotic health campaign committee and his office to effectively lead the health campaign. In August of the same year, a national patriotic health campaign site experience exchange meeting was held in Yantai, Shandong Province, and then urban and rural health site meetings were held in Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, and Jincheng County, Shanxi Province, respectively, to summarize and popularize their ideas of "people's building in people's cities", "three guarantees in front of doors" (hygiene, order and greening) and "four self-links" (self-repairing front roads, self-connecting front water, self-cleaning front doors and self-greening).
1987 In February, nine departments, including the Central Patriotic Health Association, the All-China Federation of Trade Unions, the All-China Women's Federation, and the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League, issued the "Initiative to Carry out Civilized and Polite Activities throughout the Country". With the consent of the central leadership, March of each year is designated as National Civilization and Politeness Month. The main content is "five stresses and four beauties", that is, stressing civilization, politeness, hygiene, order, morality, spiritual beauty, language, behavior and environment. Health is the breakthrough of building socialist spiritual civilization. Patriotic health campaigns in various localities and units have achieved new results. 1989 the State Council issued the Decision on Strengthening Patriotic Health Work. Governments at all levels are required to incorporate patriotic health work into social development planning, earnestly strengthen leadership, and make the improvement of health conditions and health level develop simultaneously with the four modernizations. Over the years, through the patriotic health campaign, the broad masses of people have struggled with bad social habits and environment with their diligence and wisdom, and have made considerable achievements in improving and improving the quality of life and environment.
1990, the State Council approved 455 cities across the country to carry out health check-ups. By the end of 1995 and 10, three major inspection and appraisal activities have been organized. A total of 155 cities were rated as "sanitary cities", and the sanitary quality of 23 cities named as "national sanitary cities" was improved.
From 65438 to 0980, our government decided to participate in the activities of the International Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Decade initiated by the 35th General Assembly of the United Nations. Over the years, under the guidance of the policy of "government leadership, departmental support, private assistance and multi-party fund-raising" and with the support of international organizations, various localities have mobilized the masses to improve rural water use and vigorously build rural tap water. By the end of 1995, the number of people benefiting from water improvement in China had reached 798,739,200, accounting for 97.03% of the rural population. Among them, 43.5 1% of the rural population drank tap water. It has played an active role in preventing diseases, ensuring health, developing rural economy and improving farmers' quality of life.
It is more difficult to change toilets in rural areas. At that time, it was determined that the toilet improvement work should be based on pilot projects and step by step. At the same time, toilet improvement should be combined with water improvement; And solving energy problems; Combined with schistosomiasis; Combined with poverty alleviation and well-off society. Combined with the above, the work will be quite powerful. By adopting these methods, 654,380+0.994 townships in Henan Province added 654,380+0.22 million latrines, totaling more than 5 million. Rural toilets in Hubei, Jiangsu and other places have also made rapid progress.