Meng Haoran's main creation is pastoral poetry, among which five-character ancient poems and five-character rhythmic poems have the highest achievements. His poetic style is desolate and withdrawn, which has a great influence on later generations.
[Appreciation]
Meng Haoran is famous for his five-character poems, and the five-character poem "Sleeping in Jiande" is an outstanding representative of his quiet and lonely poetic style. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, there were many excellent poems expressing the wandering life of vagrants. "Flying around, flying around, what am I like, just a sandpiper in the vast world!" It is a painful confession of Du Fu's wandering and Wan Li's wandering; "Why cut the candle at the west window together, but talk about the rain at night" is Li Shangyin's bitter expectation for his wife in the long night; "Jiang Nanan spring breeze is green, when will the bright moon shine on me?" This is Wang Anshi's inner entanglement of wanting to do something, but missing his hometown ... Compared with these works, Night Sleeping in Jiande is unique in content and performance.
The first sentence of this poem describes the scenery. "And my boat is moving in its fog", that is, a moving boat is moored at the edge of a small continent shrouded in smoke. On the surface, this sentence seems dull, which can be said to be "too light to see poetry" (heard in more than one language), but it is intriguing: why did the poet "stop" and why did he stop at the "Smoke House"? Think about it. Only at dusk does this smoky scene appear on the river. The word "smoke bamboo" originally suggested that it was getting late and the smell of smoke was too strong, so the poet said thoughtfully, "The sun is fading, and the old things are brought up again." Here, "sunset" is the annotation and footnote of "Yanzhu", and "worrying about new guests" is the author's own true feelings. One of the words "sorrow" contains many vicissitudes of the author's life! In his early years, the poet lived in seclusion in his hometown and studied poetry books hard. "Hold the whip and respect the Confucius, and hold the Mao Gong." I am grateful to play the crown. I can keep my poverty. "Although I live in the countryside, I have an urgent desire to be an official. However, Meng Haoran, who had reached the age of no doubt at that time, had moved the capital with the famous sentence "Wei Yun is a faint river, with scattered raindrops and phoenix trees", but in the end he missed his career because he was the last, suffering from no recommendation, and could only "die forever" ... At this moment, the poet stood by the Jiande River, which was rolling eastward, and felt that the deceased was like this. How can he not arouse the poet's meditation that life is easy to get old and his career is difficult to achieve? And Leng Yue's solitary boat added a lot of homesickness to his already melancholy heart! Here, what does a word "worry" contain? Is it because of resentment and self-pity after my mistake was expelled by a wise ruler (returning to Zhongnanshan at the end of the year)? Is it the loss and depression after the hope of "who can be a hero" (pastoral works) is shattered, or the feeling and bitterness after the aging of white hair (the year will eventually end in Nanshan)? Maybe both. At this time, I thought of it.
A carefree sadness can also be directly expressed through poetry, but this infinite sadness of life can't be poured out in one or two poems, so the poet "wants to talk about it" and wrote "How wide the world is, how close the trees are, and how clear the water is!" -The lonely January night makes the bright moon in the water feel close to people because of its emptiness, but this seemingly close comfort makes people feel more empty, cold and lonely. Although Meng Haoran's description of landscapes often starts from ordinary places, such as the images he captured-wilderness, dwarf trees, Qingjiang River and so on. -It's also an ordinary scenery. He describes it in the language of saving the net and washing it, giving people a feeling that everything is close at hand, but his poetry is not diminished at all. "Like an antelope hanging in the corner, there is no trace to be found", which is unique and self-contained. Just like the sentence "How wide the sky is, how close the trees are, how clear the water is, how close the moon is!" It seems to be a simple description of the scenery, but it seems to have nothing to do with "Hakka's sorrow for the new". In fact, it is precisely the interpretation of "Hakka's worry about the new", and it is through the externalization and materialization of "worry" that endless artistic effects are achieved. As Shen Deqian said, "In the second half, write about the scenery, and the guests will worry about it themselves". At this point, the image of a noble traveler meditating on the lonely boat river in the clear moonlight shrouded in light smoke clearly appeared in front of our eyes.