Initial stage of creation:

Song Wan Academy has a large scale, and its main architectural layout follows the official school, left temple and right wing. There is a Confucius temple near the mountain on the left. Confucius Temple, the original building of Hongzhi, has three bays, which is completely new after renovation. This is a place of sacrifice in the college. There is Yan Laoting in front of the hall. Build a platform and a lake platform at high altitude. On the right side of Confucius Temple, Song Wanmen is in front and Ming Dow Hall is behind. It is a five-bay, spacious classroom, which explains classics and righteousness to teachers. There are five study rooms on each side of the West Corridor for teachers and students to study by themselves.

Initial stage:

The internal organization of Song Wan Academy is relatively simple, and it enrolls three kinds of students: children students, inspectors students and juren students. Hire learned people as mountain leaders and professors with good moral character and profound knowledge; Establish the rules and regulations of the college.

Song Wan Academy in Ming Dynasty

Song Wan Academy in Ming Dynasty gradually became an influential and well-known academy in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces after initial exploration and practice, continuous expansion and reconstruction.

152 1 year, Yu Shi Tang Fengyi presided over the first major maintenance in the history of Song Wan Academy: adding two stone workshops, reconstructing and strengthening the original buildings, and expanding the student dormitory.

After the transformation, the academy was large in scale and became the largest academy in Hangzhou for a time. In the fourth year of Jiajing (1525), at the initiative of Pan Jingzhe, Song Wan College expanded 36 dormitories, added some sacrificial places, completed sacrificial utensils, and recruited more than 100 outstanding students from home and abroad.

In the ninth year of Jiajing (1530), Gu Lin, the envoy of Zuobuzheng, Zhejiang Province, and others started to build three pavilions, such as Yizheng, making Shilin a scene of the academy.

Later, Song Wan Academy was founded by officials, deeply influenced by Wang Yangming's mind, and was hit hard by the rulers. In the thirty-third year of Jiajing (1554), Sun Meng, the magistrate of Hangzhou, rebuilt Song Wan Academy on the site, restored the main buildings such as Minglun Hall, and added two temples for Juren and Friendship.

During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, the cabinet minister Zhang destroyed the world academy. Fortunately, with the support of the great scholar Xu Jie, the governors of Zhejiang, Xie Hexing and Qiao Xing, begged for help again and again on the grounds that the academy was enshrined by sages and was improperly destroyed, and finally the academy escaped. So it was renamed the Pantheon, although it existed in name only. During the five or six years of Chongzhen (1632- 1633), it was finally destroyed in the war.

055-79000 records:

On the occasion of Zheng De and Jiajing, scholars gathered together to give lectures and set up academies, facing each other far and near.

At that time, the wind of giving lectures prevailed in various academies. Influenced by Wang Shouren, a visiting scholar, Song Wan Academy attached importance to lectures and advocated academic discussions and exchanges. Pay attention to self-study, advocate independent discussion, and cultivate students' independent academic ability; In the moral profession, we advocate mutual help and promotion, so that life will be bright and bright.

The curriculum is relatively simple, and students can choose courses freely to give full play to their specialties and interests;

Oppose learning for the purpose of pursuing fame and fortune, and advocate a pragmatic style of study that explores the essence of human nature and seeks the source of governance. In the early years of Wanli, the ruling class re-examined Cheng Zhuju's thought and theory of respecting poverty, and dismissed Wang Shouren's theory in the name of virtual learning embezzlement. In order to meet the needs of the rulers, Yan Guan Ma built a new hall of succession, poverty alleviation and worship to heaven. In the late Ming Dynasty, Song Wan Academy was gradually controlled by the government. Under the control of the imperial examination system, students' learning purpose is only to pass the imperial examination and then obtain official positions, so as to worship their ancestors.

exist

In the tenth year of Kangxi (167 1), Fan, the governor of Zhejiang, rebuilt the Academy and renamed it Taihe Academy. Only then did the college begin to recover. During the Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong periods, after the rulers changed from prohibiting academy education to advocating academy education, Song Wan Academy developed rapidly and gradually entered a prosperous period.

In the middle of Qing dynasty:

Song Wan Academy was rebuilt three times in the 31st year of Kangxi (1692), the 55th year of Kangxi (17 16) and the 4th year of Yongzheng (1726), and its scale was further expanded. After being built twice by Jiaqing and Daoguang, it is more elegant than a famous school.

During this period, the Qing government's support for Song Wan Academy was unprecedented. In the fifty-fifth year of Emperor Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (17 16), the holy father Michelle Ye presented books such as Zhejiang Shuifu Hot Spring, Song Wan Academy's History of Ming Dynasty, Ancient Literature Yuan Jian and Letters from Yuan Jian. Xu Zaicheng, the governor of Zhejiang Province, built a library, which was later renamed the Academy.

In the 11th year of Yongzheng (1733), Song Wan College was upgraded to a provincial college, and was awarded 1200 yuan for two fires. In the 16th year of Qianlong reign (175 1), in March, Emperor Li Hong of Gaozong visited Song Wan Academy for the first time, enjoying the beautiful scenery of lakes and mountains, and presented an extra 1200 taels of silver. It also provides a copy of Zhouyi eclectic and Zhuzi Quanshu published by Wu Yingtang. At that time, only Jiangning Zhongshan Academy and Suzhou Ziyang Academy enjoyed this honor. Since then, Li went to Jiangnan five times, paying special attention to the academy.

At the same time, academies pay more and more attention to sacrificial activities, which are always presided over by descendants of Confucius.

Spring and autumn festivals are held every year, and the sages are visited on the first day of each month. After the land offerings were donated by the squire and distributed by the government, they became more abundant.

For example, Huang Bing, the postmaster, donated a school building. In the 11th year of Yongzheng (1733), Cheng Yuanzhang added a tinker, and during the Qianlong period, a large number of temple fair ceremonies were added. During this period, the collection of books in the academy reached the most abundant, reaching more than 10 thousand volumes.

In addition to the original teaching purposes and rules, thirteen classics have been added to make the rules and regulations of the academy more complete. A strict examination system should be established to grade the positive, middle and additional places in official and library science courses in order to motivate students. By the end of the Qing dynasty, students were divided into three grades according to their grades: super grade, super grade and first grade, and different rewards were given according to different grades. The internal structure of the academy is relatively perfect, and the mountain leaders are generally appointed by the government or elected by gentry, such as Qi and Pan.

Hire famous scholars who are knowledgeable and diligent in research as college professors, such as Yang and Zhao Shixin; Famous scholars such as Yuelu Academy, Jin, Ruan Zhisheng, Li E and Dai, headed by Wannianmao, were also invited to give lectures. Students from all over the world came, and there were many lecturers and scholars. The Academy became famous for a while and trained a large number of outstanding students such as Yuan Mei and Zhu.

Although the rulers of the Qing Dynasty changed their attitude towards the academy education, they actually brought the academy into the track of official learning, turned free lectures into eight-part essay training, and, like official learning, completely became a vassal of the imperial examination, completely changing the original intention of teaching classics in the academy.

Modern Song Wan College

Since 1999, under the appeal of Mr. Ma, the former vice mayor of Hangzhou, and other people from all walks of life who are enthusiastic about the protection of Hangzhou's historical and cultural heritage, the Hangzhou Municipal Government has decided to rebuild the Academy on the original site in accordance with the old Ming-style system based on historical records and in line with the principle of protecting cultural relics.

After more than three years of renovation and construction, the Phoenix Mountain Management Office of Hangzhou Garden Cultural Relics Bureau was completed and opened to the outside world in June 2002. At this point, the Song Wan Academy, which was silent for more than a century and almost deserted, finally reappeared its famous school style 500 years ago.

The reconstructed Song Wan Academy covers an area of about 60,000 square meters and is the only cultural park in Beijing.

There is a 1600 square meter building in the yard. The main buildings, such as Pinzi archway, Yangshengmen, Jade Gate, Ming Dow Hall, Dacheng Hall and all kinds of teachers' desks, are all concentrated on the central axis, with Xuezhai and Imperial Monument Pavilion on both sides, and other pavilions and pavilions dotted with natural mountains. In the college, there are beautiful flowers and lush trees, beautiful stones and flowers. In the meantime, pine trees are surrounded and streams are gurgling. In the distance, you can see the sunset of Leifeng, the flow of precious stones, the flow of Songtao Spring and the flow of insects and birds. There are also cultural relics in the courtyard, such as the Three Tombs of Fish roe, a provincial-level cultural relics protection unit in Zhejiang Province, the ruins of Song Wan Academy, a municipal-level cultural relics protection unit in Hangzhou, and the stone carvings of Xiaojiuhua Mountain, which have profound cultural connotations and rich cultural atmosphere.

The above is for reference only.