A poet wrote this poem:
Saint Martin's selfless and kind hand,
Gently dry the tears of American mothers,
Bring freedom, democracy, independence and joy to mothers,
Eliminate mother's pain and sorrow for more than 300 years!
Who can match this victory?
Great achievements are like inspiring spring thunder.
How proud,
The pure and noble son of the motherland!
The flower buds that bloom forever in South America—
Saint Martin, the most immortal thing for you,
Still rushed back!
This poem strongly praised the outstanding * * * Jose San Martin of the South American liberation movement.
Saint Martin's father was once the deputy governor of Apeyou. I am an officer and participated in the occupation army against Napoleon in Spain.
War not only has rich experience in military command, but also has lofty ideals.
When he was young, Saint Martin read widely, Rousseau's On Social Contract, Voltaire, Montesquieu, Diderot and Hall.
The works of enlightenment thinkers such as Mach had a great influence on him.
Later, Saint Martin devoted himself to the liberation struggle to overthrow colonial rule. He spent more than two years painstakingly managing and training.
A People's Liberation Army, mainly composed of blacks and hybrids, was established in Ayers Mountain. 18 17 At the beginning of this year, Saint Martin led an expeditionary force of 5.
000 people climbed over the 65438+2000-foot Andes, unexpectedly attacked the Spanish defenders in Chile and completely defeated the enemy.
People. This victory is of great significance in the South American independence movement, which changed the South American War of Liberation from strategic defense to strategic advancement.
Attack. In February of the following year, Chile declared its independence.
Soon, San Martin organized forces and formed a small navy to March from the sea to Peru, that is, the west.
Spain's most powerful colony in America. 1821July, San Martin led an army to attack Lima, which was successful in one fell swoop and Lima was liberated.
Released, Peru also declared independence. Saint Martin is called "lord protector" by the Republic because of his great contribution.
Because of Saint Martin's immortal feats in the South American liberation movement, he later served as commander-in-chief of the Argentine northern army.
He also enjoys the "liberator of South America", the "father of the motherland" and "freedom" of Peru, Chile and Argentina.
Kiki ","Washington in the South "and other titles. It can be said that without St. Martin, there would be no liberation of South America, and there would be no.
Independence and freedom of South American republics! However, just as people celebrate the victory of St. Martin with infinite admiration, St.
Martin voluntarily resigned as commander-in-chief of the Argentine Northern Army and asked to go to a remote place-Gule Province.
There, he organized and trained new recruits and marched into Chile. After the liberation of Chile, the new government appointed him as the chief executive.
He refused again, and he accepted the heaviest burden at that time-organizing joint forces of Argentina and Chile to conquer colonialism.
Last location-Peru. Finally, when he made great achievements and the Argentine people were ready to give him a warm welcome, he did it.
Slipped away quietly.
There are different opinions about the reasons for his brave retirement, but the most direct reason is the world-famous "North-South Giants" melon.
The yaquil people can talk.
1On July 25th, 822, Saint Martin came to Guayaquil to meet with the "liberators" in the north of South America and the famous committee.
Simon Bolivar, a revolutionary leader, politician, strategist and thinker in Nilira, talks, the second and third days of talks,
It was carried out in top secret, without the participation of any third party, only these two famous "North-South giants" in South America. because
This, the content of the talks only the two of them know. However, after the talks, Bolí var did not disclose any information and did not do so in the future.
St. Martin kept his mouth shut when he made any memories, so this secret meeting left an eternal solution in history.
Mystery.
However, the world-famous "North-South Giant" talks will not just pass silently, and people are not satisfied with the contents of the talks.
Made all kinds of guesses.
Judging from the atmosphere before the talks, it was harmonious and pleasant. When San Martin arrived at the port, Bolí var was greeted by two assistants.
Then Bolvar met him at his hotel. In the cheers of the people, the two giants hugged each other tightly.
However, after the talks, Saint Martin walked out of the hall with a serious face. Bolivar has a mysterious.
Look, while the all-night dance was going on happily, St. Martin quietly left without saying goodbye to a general in the same industry.
Back to Peru.
Shortly after returning to Peru, San Martin solemnly announced his resignation as head of state and military system at the "First Congress".
Handsome, decided not to have any power. And took off his two-color ribbon symbolizing power and highest honor, sincerely.
To members of parliament:
Now laurels are all over the battlefields in South America, but my head has to avoid the laurels of final victory! My mind has never
I have been excited by sweet feelings, and I am excited today! Fight for people's freedom, democracy and happiness.
For a soldier, the joy of victory can only make him more sincere as a tool to enable the people to enjoy their rights ... I am very tall.
I am glad to see the establishment of Congress. At this conference, I resigned from all my supreme power! The purpose of my speech today
Only one thing, please don't vote for me to stay in power! "
Everyone present was surprised and advised Saint Martin to withdraw his resignation. But St. Martin made up his mind that in all aspects,
Explained the reason for his resignation. However, people vaguely feel that the main reason is the Guayaquil meeting, but it is a closed meeting.
At this point, St. Martin said nothing.
Night covers the earth and everything is so quiet. Perhaps, St. Martin's heart knows that the night is so quiet and peaceful?
Because he is riding a horse at this time, quietly watching the silent night.
Saint Martin quietly left Lima by horse, then arrived in Chile by boat, and then left the city he had fought for.
Perseverance and love for the motherland. Go to Europe to see his poor old age!
Why would a leader who is admired by the people of China make such a choice? People turned their attention to Guayaqui again.
At the meeting.
One theory is that during the talks with Bolí var, who was 39 years old, the two sides had a dispute on fundamental issues.
Years old, hot-blooded, may be tough on St. Martin, unmoved. The reason why Saint Martin is forty-four years old is because of his thirty-two years of glory.
During his career as a horse, his body was seriously damaged, so he automatically gave up the post of commander-in-chief and let Bolivar lead the army alone to clear up the colonial remnants.
Another way of saying it is more recognized by the world: "At that time, the troops of San Martin and Bolí var faced the' transit port' of the colonial army.
On the eve of the war, there were many patients in the troops led by San Martin, and for other reasons, the Argentine and Chilean governments could not do their best.
To support him, he was eager for reinforcements, so he held talks with Bolí var in Guayaquil, hoping to get Bolí var's help.
Help! If Bolivar tries to contain the colonial army on another front, it is possible to win, otherwise San Martin will attack more with fewer.
There will be confrontation between the enemy and ourselves. In this case, the process of Latin American independence will be delayed. As a result, after close contact with Bolivar,
After chatting, he understood the difference between the two, that is, one mountain can't accommodate two tigers. For the future of South America, for the benefit of the people.
Yi, he painfully chose to give up power instead of waiting for the future to meet Bolí var.
Perhaps later historians can see it more clearly. Thomas Kido wrote in his Saint Martin and the Great Epic.
Tao: "Bolí var was not satisfied with San Martin's victory in the war to liberate Peru. In order to win the final victory and
Bolí var, the supreme power in South America, will lead his troops against San Martin's army by bold means. two
Saint Martin thinks that the fire of the revolutionary army is "a shameful scandal left in the world!" So he made a painful movement.
Choose! "
Saint Martin once said: "I don't seek honor", "My sword will never be drawn for power and benefit!" As long as Peru
And I will "get out of here".
Saint Martin fought for it all his life, and it was also the most brilliant victory fruit, the highest power and honor in South America.
He voluntarily surrendered to his revolutionary partner and opponent Bolí var. So he was praised by many people all over the world.
Praise him and call him "an almost unparalleled soul in history"!