People familiar with Hebei folk dances are: Xu Shui Lion Dance, Tangshan Diyangge, Changli Running Donkey, Shijiazhuang Jingxing Lahua, Cangzhou Luozi Dance, Yanshan Wushu Fan, Levin Jumarozi, Handan Yongnian Xiaoqu and Quzhou Float, Xingtai Yangge Drum, Hengshui Fengyang Song and Qiao Qi Lantern, Langfang Fangsheng Waist Drum and Fangsheng Lantern. Now, several popular, influential and representative folk dances will be briefly introduced.
Yangko and donkey running in eastern Hebei
Yangko in eastern Hebei is widely spread in Tangshan, Hebei Province. According to China Ancient Dance Talk (written by Wang Kefen), "Yangko evolved from the ancient village of Dengaku", and its source is the life of ancient working people.
Diyoko, who performs on foot on the ground, is not limited by performance occasions and props. It is relatively flexible and easy to learn and implement. It is a folk dance that combines self-entertainment and performance, and has a broad mass base. Traditional activities are basically divided into cross-street yangko and field yangko. Yangko across the street, walking the streets and performing along the way. Its main features are: unified rhythm and movements, different performances, simple jumping and twisting while walking. When you meet a square or a cross street, you will open the scene, make a big twist, sometimes sing a paragraph for a while, and then perform a "small dance program" with a story. The main features are: typical personality, stretching and bodybuilding, and flexible picture.
In the traditional yangko performance form, there are two figures dressed as Wu Sheng (some dressed as He Lu) in front, dancing with Hua Gun, playing the field, followed by teenagers carrying flower baskets and Buddha dust, as well as excelsior, fisherman, woodcutter, scholar and other roles. In business, there are "girls" (girls or kannika nimtragol), ugly (humorous characters) and? (middle-aged or elderly women), childe (elegant scholar). The common feature of the performance is jumping up and down on the steps at the foot, plus the twisting of shoulders and waist and the swinging of hands, just like a phoenix swinging willows. According to the character's personality, the Tao in his hand has a colorful fan, a silk flower, a round fan, a drum, a wooden stick, a tobacco pouch and so on. The basic movements of the hand are mainly eight-character flowers, up and down, left and right, and swaying flowers back and forth. Like pairs of colorful butterflies dancing among flowers, they are lyrical, beautiful and elegant, fiery, pungent, enthusiastic and cheerful, full of humor and wit. The accompaniment is mainly melodious suona, and the small and medium-sized hairpin is percussion. Most of them are used to playing trumpet music such as full house, dialogue and Liu Qingniang, which is easy to show an optimistic, cheerful, happy and festive holiday atmosphere.
The dance movements of Niu, Ugly ((Wen Chou, Wu Ugly) and Gongzi in Diyangzi are very delicate and vivid. They can create artistic images of different characters in Diyangzi's "small field" and "small out" and are good at expressing couples' dances, threesome dances and small dance dramas with storylines. Zhou, a member of the Chinese Dancers Association, director of the Hebei Branch of the Chinese Dancers Association and a famous yangko performer, collaborated with Zhou Guozhen and Zhang Qian to create a folk dance "Running Donkey" based on "Wang Xiao Catch the Foot" and "Silly Column Meets Daughter-in-law". The main dance vocabulary is the selection of the material of Diyangzi. This dance with national style and local characteristics won the excellent program award when it participated in the first national folk music and dance performance on 1953. Later, he was taken to Bucharest by China Youth Art Troupe to attend the 4th World Youth Students' Peace and Friendship Festival, and won the second prize in the international dance competition.
In addition, professional and amateur dancers in Tangshan, Qinhuangdao and Changli have created many new dance programs based on the local yangko, such as Marrying a son-in-law, Touching the Elephant by the Blind, Night of Mid-Autumn Festival, Butterfly and Snatching Parents. These dances have been popularized in the whole province and are deeply loved by the masses.
There are fan drums, war drums and boasting drums in Zhao County.
The drum in Zhaoxian County is a small disc-shaped and fan-shaped drum covered with dog skin. The drum handle is very long and there are nine iron rings on it. The slender drum hammer is elastic, and the drum sound is crisp and pleasant.
Fan drum has a long history and originated from witch dance in Shang Dynasty. Witchcraft dance is a dance to entertain gods in ancient times, and the main props used are fan drums (also known as "Taiping Drum" or "Taiping God"). With the changes and progress of society, witch dance has gradually evolved from a dance of entertaining gods to a dance of people. According to legend, from 424 BC to 387 BC, in order to remember Ximen Bao's merits in governing the country, on New Year's Day every year, people in Yexian County beat the Taiping drum, singing and dancing as a memorial.
The fan drum in witch dance spread to the Qing Dynasty and basically formed a folk entertainment activity. He Qing's "Poems on the Bamboo Board of Yantai" said: "The iron ring drums, and the group dance gradually stops." It is a scene reflecting the performance activities of fans and drums at that time.
Drums and fans in Zhao county mostly appear in the form of group dance. In the festive harvest season, farmers are holding drums and twisting their steps in the yard, knocking on lively drums and singing folk songs, expressing their joy. Life is very interesting. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, some professional and amateur dancers have inherited the tradition and created many new dance programs by using fan and drum expressions, which have been welcomed by the masses. During the performance of the 30th anniversary of the National Day, the amateur folk song and dance performance team of Hebei Province went to Beijing with the processed Zhao County drum "Celebrating Harvest" and won the second prize for performance and the third prize for creation. Zhao county war drum is a kind of verve folk dance that expresses ancient war life. With the drum as the center, the drum surface diameter is1.8m.. Four strong men beat it and sixteen strong men held cymbals. They are lined up with the rhythm of the drum, dancing up and down, constantly changing the posture of percussion instruments, which is very imposing, in stark contrast to the slender, beautiful and lyrical fan drum.
Drum in Zhao County (also known as background drum) is a very unique folk dance. The performer carries a special dragon lantern or watermelon lantern, hangs the drum around his waist and hits the drum with his fist. Sometimes I rejoice, sometimes I spin and beat the light and orderly drums. On the night of the Lantern Festival, hundreds of "drums with lights on their backs" poured into the streets to form a long snake array, which shuttled among the happy people under the sound of drums and lights. Performers and audiences are integrated, enjoying a kind of peace and prosperity, singing and dancing, and enhancing the festive atmosphere.
Cangzhou luozi
Xia Zi in Cangzhou is a folk song and dance with strong local characteristics in central Hebei. According to the county records of Cangxian County, Luozi is a small town in Yangko, which originated in Jiaqing and Daoguang years of Qing Dynasty (1796- 182 1). Traditionally, women step on inch stilts (also known as inch stilts), holding flower fans or small bamboo boards, and men beat the overlord whip with their hands. Luozi dance is characterized by fewer fans, more dance styles, and attention to the beauty of curves and charm. Fan dance style is chic, board dance moves greatly, rhythm changes greatly, and it is very lively. The traditional programs of Luozi Opera mostly show the miserable life of working people in the old society, as well as love stories and people's yearning for freedom, happiness and a better life, such as jasmine flowers, flying kites, sighing for lovers, embroidering handkerchiefs and missing nuns. Among them, "Rong Lihua" and "Flying a Kite" have become more beautiful and moving after processing and finishing, and have become enduring reserved programs in the dance industry.
The late famous folk dancer Zhou Shutang made outstanding contributions to the inheritance and development of Cangzhou. Zhou Shutang studied fine arts in "Luozifang" since childhood, and after more than 40 years of tempering, he became an art school in Luozifang. His dance rhythm is characterized by highlighting the female "three bends" dance style: head tilt, waist twist, leg bend, beautiful lines and strong charm, giving people a feeling of elegance, grace and dignity. In terms of dance steps, it absorbs the advantages of China classical dance and brotherly folk dance. Zhou Shutang believes that without development and innovation, folk dance will have no vitality. In order to develop board dance and fan dance in dance, he wrote down many dance words and movements from folk dances of various nationalities. After some analysis and research, he integrated many dance languages into the dance, and then processed and sorted out more than 20 sets of fan dance and board dance movements. These gorgeous and changeable movements enhance the expressive force of Luozi dance and develop the traditional art of Luozi dance.