Open classification: plants, flowers, orchids, herbs, orchids.

Orchids:

Latin scientific name: Cymbidium

Named after Rolf

English name: Faber Cymbidum

Family and genus: Orchidaceae, Orchidaceae

Also known as Jiuzilan, Xia Lan, Jiujielan, Jiuzilan,.

Cymbidium hybridum has many flowers in one stem, generally 6-12, and is fragrant. Flowering from March to May. The distribution area is similar to Chunlan. Traditional famous varieties include Shanghai Mei, Xie Peimei and Jin.

It is one of the longest cultivated and most popular orchids in China, and was often called "Hui" in ancient times. Its plants are tall and graceful, its orchid leaves are both rigid and soft, its posture is beautiful, and its fragrance is fragrant, which has attracted thousands of orchid lovers in Qian Qian.

Morphological characteristics:

The pseudobulb of Cymbidium hybridum is not obvious, and its roots are thick and long, with 5-7(9) leaves, 20- 120cm long and 0.6- 1.4cm wide. Strongly erect, usually pleated at the bottom, V-shaped in cross section, with thick serrated edges. The flower stems are erect, 30-80 cm high, with 6- 12 flowers; The flowers are light yellow and green with fragrance, slightly inferior to Chunlan. The flower is 5-6 cm in diameter, the petals are slightly smaller than the sepals, the lip has no obvious three leaves, the middle lobe is oval, and there are many crystal clear mastoid hairs on it, with the top rolled back and short hairs on the edge; Lips are white with purple spots. The flowering period is from March to May. It is distributed in similar areas of Chunlan, south of Qinling, north of Nanling and vast areas in southwest China, and is one of the more cold-resistant orchids.

Origin:

Rich in Hubei, Hunan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Shaanxi and Sichuan.

Growing habits:

Orchids grow on sunny slopes of high mountains, with abundant sunshine and good ventilation conditions.

As the ancients said, "Orchids give birth to yin, and benefits give birth to yang", so families should pay attention to solving the lighting problem and set up a similar ecological environment for orchids. Put the orchid pot in the southeast and sunny position, so that you can enjoy plenty of sunshine all year round. Except in summer and early autumn, sun-shading nets should be used to block sunlight around noon, and direct sunlight can be used in other seasons to enhance photosynthesis, accelerate the manufacture of nutrients and promote plant growth.

Interpretation of orchid culture;

The History and Culture of China Huilan The word Huilan appeared in Qu Yuan, a great poet of Chu State in the Warring States Period. In his words, he said, "There are nine acres (one acre and twelve acres-the leader) and a hundred acres of trees." The "Hui" mentioned here can only be understood as a kind of vanilla with good fragrance, and whether it refers to the orchid we are talking about today is still controversial.

What can be identified as the "Hui" of cymbidium today is the Hui in Youfangge written by Huang Tingjian, a poet and calligrapher in the Song Dynasty, which reads "Cymbidium is full of flowers and fragrance, but it is not enough for those who are full of flowers and fragrance". Cymbidium hybridum and Cymbidium hybridum were very popular in Song Dynasty, so it is necessary to distinguish these herbs. These two words of Huang Tingjian became the basis for future generations to distinguish cymbidium from cymbidium. Modern plant taxonomy named this cymbidium which blooms in late spring as cymbidium. If Huang Tingjian only distinguishes orchids from Hui by their characters, then Kerou Zhu's Notes on Incense in the Early Qing Dynasty noticed the different cultivation methods of orchids and Hui. He said: "if you like the sun, you must bask in the sun at three o'clock in the first half of the day ... when you are in Lanzhou, you will be able to make a pilgrimage." During the years of Qianlong, Jiaqing and Daoguang in Qing Dynasty, there were many famous products in Huilan, such as Dayipin, Mei Cheng, Guanding, Shanghai Mei, Pan Lvmei and Laizi.

Some famous orchid products have been recorded in Xu Naihe's Orchid Concentric Record during Tongzhi period in Qing Dynasty. For example, the first of the eight famous orchids is called the top grade in Whelan Tong Xinlu, which is praised by a poem: "The scholar is arrogant and praises the leader; Since entering Jiangnan, it is not easy for a thousand dollars to win this award. " The early Qing students' analysis and interpretation of the petal shape of orchids in Miscellanies of Yi Lan opened the door to orchid aesthetics. It was not until the reform and opening-up era that a large number of irises and exotic flowers and herbs appeared. In the past two hundred years, the flower aesthetics of Cymbidium paid special attention to the petal shape and had a wide influence, which became the traditional aesthetic concept of Cymbidium.

In 12 (1923), Wu Enyuan, a native of Yuhang, compiled A Brief History of Orchids, which further summarized the traditional varieties and new species of Orchids at that time and divided them into three categories: red-shelled orchids, green-shelled orchids and red-green orchids. From 65438 to 0959, Yao's book Orchid in Yilan, Hangzhou added iris and plain flower. After 1980s, a large number of new varieties of orchids were developed, and orchid families around the world added exotic flowers and colorful flowers to orchids according to the new discoveries. At this point, Cymbidium hybridum has become a huge and distinctive branch of orchids in China.

Orchids had spread to Japan and South Korea in the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, especially in the 1930s and 1940s, the Japanese collected a large number of orchids from China and sold them to Japan for cultivation. However, due to years of war in China, there were two or three man-made disasters in the decades after the founding of the People's Republic of China. By the end of last century, when there was an orchid craze in Guoxing, Wang Lan and China, some traditional orchids could not be found in China and had to be sold back to China from Japan. The development history of an orchid also reflects the rise and fall of a nation.

Huang Tingjian, a great poet and calligrapher of Huilan in China, said in Youfangge that "Orchid is like a gentleman" and "You have a scholar-bureaucrat", which opened the way for Huilan to appreciate. Li Yu, a writer and florist in the early Qing Dynasty, specially wrote an article about "orchids", saying: "The reason why orchids are inferior is not the flowers and fragrance, but the leaves ... the leaves are bitter and long ... and they are too fat." Generally speaking, if cultivated well, the plants of Cymbidium hybridum are taller than Cymbidium hybridum, and the flower branches are also large and tall, with many flowers, which are very magnificent and bright, and the fragrance is overflowing. Therefore, people who appreciate doorways will appreciate Cymbidium hybridum and Cymbidium hybridum, while people who watch the scene of bustle will appreciate Cymbidium hybridum more than others. In recent years, the price increase of Cymbidium hybridum is often higher than Cymbidium hybridum, and more than that. This is a general reward for cymbidium.

A variety of colors:

Orchids are traditionally divided into red shells, green shells, red-green shells and white-green shells according to the colors of flower stems and flower sheaths. Like Chunlan in flower shape, it is divided into lotus petals, plum petals and narcissus petals. There are no other colors on the flowers, and the same color is also called "Su Xin".

The appreciation of orchids has paid special attention to the petal shape of flowers since the theory of petal shape appeared. Plum petals and narcissus petals are the most expensive, the round thick tongue is the best, and the outer three petals (sepals) are the best. Most of its famous products are of this kind. There are few lotus petals in orchids. In recent years, lotus petals have been found, which is also very popular. Generally speaking, the leaves of cymbidium are like wormwood, and few people appreciate them except a few brightly colored flowers. In recent years, the butterfly petals and exotic flowers of Cymbidium hybridum are colorful and dazzling, especially those with many petals and bright tongue color are highly respected and bid high. Su Xin class is also very popular. Things are rare, because cymbidium is mostly yellow-green flowers, such as cymbidium with red flowers, purple flowers, black flowers and milky white flowers, which are also highly valued, and bright colors are better. Petals and calyx petals are thick, waxy and jade-like, which are often good products. There are many thick flowers in the branches of Cymbidium hybridum. When you appreciate them, you should also pay attention to whether the layout between flowers in the whole branch is patchy and mellow. Beautiful leaf art is also a good product, and occasionally leaf art, floral art and petal modeling are more popular.

There are eight traditional famous products in Huilan: Dayipin, Mei Cheng, Shanghai Mei, Guanding, Zi Yuan, Dyed Word, Fanqing and Dangzi; There are eight traditional new types: Loumei, Cuicalyx, Acura, Blue and White Plum, Jiangnan New Acura, Duanmei, Cuimei and Rongmei. Famous products of new varieties include Tianjiao Peony, Sixi Peony, Lv Yun Peony, Far East Butterfly, Lu Yi Butterfly, Loutai Butterfly, British Butterfly, Qunying Gathering, Xianhe Acura, Jianhu Beauty, Quanzhou Mei, Cui Taoxian Shou, Lion Butterfly, Lingnan White Crane, Admiralty, Cymbidium Crystal Flower, Zijuan, Wang Yuemei, Chrysanthemum Element and Duoyun.