Brief introduction of Lu you's life

Lu You, 12 years old, can write poems, and his works are rich all his life. He is the poet with the most existing poems in China. Next, I will bring you a life story about Lu You. Welcome everyone to enjoy it together!

Brief introduction of poet

Lu You (October 17th, the 7th year of Xuanhe in the Northern Song Dynasty-December 29th, the 2nd year of Jiading in the Southern Song Dynasty, AD1125 65438+10/3-12/kloc-0+) The word Wuguan, No.,was born in Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang) and was the grandson of Lu Dian. In the thirty-second year of Shaoxing, he was a scholar and an official. In middle age, I participated in military life for nine years in Sichuan and Shaanxi. Poems are as famous as You Mao, Yang Wanli and Fan Chengda, and they are also called the four masters of the Southern Song Dynasty, including "Jian Nan Poetry Draft" and "Poems of Releasing Weng". [1] Later generations took Lu You as the crown of poets in the Southern Song Dynasty. Lu You is the poet who left the most poems. Lu you once asked for the abolition of year in. "Please get rid of Ling Chi's punishment" said: "Exhausted and inexhaustible. The liver is connected with the heart, and the eyesight is particularly good. Affectionate harmony and loss of benevolent government are not suitable for the holy world to follow, but they are not accepted by the court.

biography

Luyou (1125165438+1October1210 65438+1October 26) 12 years old can write poetry, and his works are rich all his life. There are dozens of collections, such as "Jian Nan Poetry Draft" and "Weinan Anthology", with more than 9,000 poems. He is the poet who writes the most poems in China. Lu You has many literary talents, especially his achievements in poetry. I said "10,000 songs in 60 years", and there are more than 9,300 songs today. Many of these poems express the lofty sentiments of resisting gold and killing the enemy and the hatred towards the enemy and traitors. Their style is bold and unrestrained, gloomy and tragic, full of strong patriotic passion, and their ideological and artistic achievements are outstanding. They were known as "Little Li Bai" before their death, and they not only became the leaders of the poetry circles in the Southern Song Dynasty, but also enjoyed a lofty position in the history of China literature. They are great patriotic poets in China. He is one of the poets in the Southern Song Dynasty. The amount of words is not as large as that of poems, but it runs through the patriotic spirit of swallowing the remnants like poems. Lu You's works include one volume of Song of Weng and two volumes of Weinan Ci. His famous sentences, such as "There is no way to answer doubts when mountains are heavy, and there is another village where flowers bloom in the dark" and "The small building listens to the spring rain all night, and the deep alley sells apricot flowers", are widely read by the people.

He has always insisted on resisting gold, and has been rejected and hit by the establishment in his official career. In middle age, he went to Shu to resist gold, and his long-term military life enriched his literary content, revealing great brilliance in his works and becoming an outstanding poet. When the Northern Song Dynasty perished, he was deeply influenced by patriotic thoughts at home when he was a teenager. Shaoxing Zhongying didn't try and was rejected by Qin Gui. Gaozong acceded to the throne. He was born a scholar.

In the twenty-eighth year of Shaoxing (1 158), it entered Fujian as the master book of Ningde County. According to Volume III of the Official History of Ningde County, "Lu You, the concept of word service, that is, in the twenty-eight years of Shaoxing, became a city, good governance and popular support". There is a statue of Lu You on Nanguang Mountain in Ningde. He used to be a judge of Longxing in Zhenjiang. He entered Shu for six years (1 170) and served as the judge of Kuizhou. After eight years on the main road, he entered the shogunate of Fu Xuan Ambassador Wang Yan in Sichuan and devoted himself to military life. After officially arriving at Baozhang Pavilion, it was introduced. Politically, Lu You advocated a resolute war of resistance, enriched armaments, and demanded that "taxes should be paid in advance, and taxes should be covered by big businesses", which has always been suppressed by capitulationists. In his later years, he retired from his hometown, but his belief in recovering the Central Plains remained unchanged. He wrote many poems in his life, and now there are more than 9 thousand poems, which are extremely rich in content. Expressing political ambitions, reflecting people's sufferings, criticizing the humiliation and surrender of the ruling group at that time, and showing a strong patriotic enthusiasm for restoring national unity. Guan Shanyue, Book Wrath, Peasant Sigh, Xiuer, etc. It's all spoken by later generations. Describing daily life is also a new work. Also known as Gong Ci, Yang Shen called it as beautiful as Qin Guan and as beautiful as stone. But some poems reveal negative emotions. His first marriage, Tang's, Chai Feng and so on, was sincere and touching. There are Poems of Jiannan, Collected Works of Weinan, Book of Southern Tang Dynasty, Notes of Old Xue 'an, etc. Divorced under the oppression of my mother, my painful feelings are poured out in some poems, such as Shen Yuan.

Lu You inherited the fine traditions of Qu Yuan, Tao Yuanming, Du Fu and Su Shi, and was an outstanding poet with far-reaching influence in the history of Chinese culture. His main works include Selected Poems of Weinan, Poems of Jiannan, Song Poetry, Book of Southern Tang Dynasty, Notes on Lao 'an Studies, etc.

Lu You's title is covered by the title of the poem. Lu You is also a skilled calligrapher, proficient in cursive and regular script. He called himself "Zhang Dian in cursive script (Zhang Xu) and Yang Feng in running script (simplified Chinese characters)." His calligraphy is simple, smart, elegant, elegant and straight, and his brushwork is vigorous and unrestrained in his later years. Zhu called his writing exquisite, elegant and elegant, with lofty intentions. There are not many books left, including On Two Kings. Masterpieces handed down from generation to generation include Bitter Cold Post and Chengdu Poetry Post.

His works mainly have two aspects: on the one hand, he enthusiastically revenges the country, regains lost land and liberates the occupied people; On the one hand, it is leisurely and delicate, chewing out the deep and eternal taste of daily life and ironing out the twists and turns of the current scenery. His students praised him and said: "On poetry, it is more than crossing the south, and the grass took a fancy to the Northern Expedition"; An old man in the Song Dynasty praised him and said, "The predecessors commented on the poems of Song Dynasty after crossing the south, imitating Du Fu with Lu Wu's views, in order not to forget the Central Plains, which is the same as the fact of worshipping Juan." These two people close to his time pay attention to the first aspect of his works. However, except in the middle of Ming Dynasty, he was left out in the cold, and Lu You touched readers in the following hundreds of years by that second aspect, such as Yang Dahe's collected works in the early Qing Dynasty, the imitation of Wang Wan, Wang Ping, Xu Wei, Feng Tingyi and Wang Lin, and so on, like Xiangling's quotations in the forty-eight chapters of A Dream of Red Mansions and countless guest rooms in the old society. This has created the impression that Lu You is an "old diner". Of course, some critics object to this biased view, thinking that "loyalty and anger" poems are the backbone and brain of Lu You's collected works, and those poems that linger are only secondary. However, this deviation was not corrected until the late Qing Dynasty. The speaker was saddened by the weakness of the national situation and indignant at the oppression of imperialism. He had a very cordial experience of Lu You's first-hand works and gave a very warm praise. For example, "Poetry has been decadent for thousands of years, and the soul of China is exhausted; Concentrate on nine military music, and the ancient man will be relieved! " "Not a hundred soldiers in the chest, tired of poetry; Who loves the country's tears and speaks of Chen Hu's injustice! " These words seem to be the voice of the opinions of the two poets quoted earlier, just like the echo wrapped in the valley, which is much more shocking than the original voice.

Poems such as Sweeping Chen Hu and Guo Jingnan appeared in the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty, like Lu Zhen's Cutting the Spine. After the change of Jingkang, the patriotic works of Song people increased, and some of them were selected in the front. However, Chen, Wang Zao, Yang Wanli and others are obviously different from Lu You in this respect. They just expressed their worries or hopes about national affairs, but did not devote themselves to disasters, leaving their lives and strength at the disposal of the state. I only sighed helplessly or asked for help, but I didn't say I wanted to do it myself, I didn't say I wanted to join the army, I didn't say I wanted to mount a horse to attack thieves, I didn't say I could be generous and selfless or dare to love my body, and I didn't say I was willing to raise a horse to fight. "Hand owls rebel against thieves and clear up old Beijing." This is the characteristic of land travel. He not only wrote about patriotism and worries about the country, but also declared his courage and determination to save the country and protect his family. For example, in Liu Ziyi's poem, he said, "Zhongxing soldiers are unparalleled ... Hu Erhu does not peep at the river!" "Bow your head, pull out Hu Jian, but shoot at Hu Jun ... The man took the title to be hungry", which is more dignified, but it is about others, those "soldiers" and "men"-just like Li Bai and Wang Wei's "Joining the Army" tell others, although Liu Ziyi's sense of reality is more real, and he has kept his poets. Let's look at an example of Lu You: "Duck, green mulberry has withered, and the fire has crossed Qilian;" I don't care about fame, but I hate that no one is quick to whip! " Although he put himself aside, his tone is very subtle and gentle, but he is obviously ready to have his share in this heroic cause. This is the artistic conception of "no clothes" in The Book of Songs and Qin Feng, the artistic conception of Li Mu's Zhao in Zhou Wenqing was shot dead by an arrow, and the artistic conception of Yue Fei connected with Lu You's generation in Man Jiang Hong. In the poems of Guo in the Northern Song Dynasty and Han Ju at the turn of the North-South Song Dynasty, the spirit and artistic conception of "cultivating my spear and sharing resentment with my son" and "who knows I am also a man who committed suicide" are occasionally revealed, but no one has ever played it as well as Lu You. This is also the realm that Du Fu lacks, so it is not very accurate to say that Lu You is "the same as Chongjuan" and has not yet known him. Patriotism permeates Lu You's life and runs through all his works. He saw a picture of a horse and met some flowers. Hearing a wild goose singing, drinking a few glasses of wine and writing a few lines of cursive script will arouse the feelings of patriotism and national humiliation, and the blood will boil, and this craze will rush out of the boundary of his sober life during the day and flood into his dreams. This is also absent in people's poems.

1. As an outstanding poet, Lu You wrote more than 9,300 poems in his life. Most of these poems are related to fighting against invaders. Or describe the fiery military life, "fall off your clothes and lie on your pillow, sleep in first frost", or place deep worries about the future and destiny of the motherland and gloomy mood full of enthusiasm for serving the country. 2. Lu You's poems are full of ardent patriotic enthusiasm and sympathize with the sufferings of the people at that time. The thoughts of worrying about the country and the people are interwoven in his works. In his poems such as Big Breath and Autumn Harvest Song, he exposed the exploitation of the lower class by bureaucrats and powerful people, and at the same time, he truly wrote the excellent quality of hard work and kindness of the lower class.

Lu You China, a great patriotic poet in ancient China, has a well-known ancient poem-Xiuer. The poem reads: "When you die, you know that everything is empty, but you see Kyushu's sadness." Julian Waghann set the Central Plains Day in the north, and the family did not forget to tell Nai Weng about it. "This poem is a father's last words to his son. This poem expresses that an old man who is dying will never forget his motherland which was broken by foreign invasion. He hoped that his children would not forget to tell him the good news of victory on the day when the motherland was recovered. From this poem, people can feel an old poet's strong patriotic feelings on his deathbed. He was the greatest patriotic poet in ancient China.

Lu You, a poet of Southern Song Dynasty in China, was born in 1 125. In the era of Lu You's life, Jin Guo, the northern minority regime, frequently waged wars against Song Dynasty. The poor and weak Song Dynasty lost a lot of land and was forced to move southward constantly, and the people lived in war and turmoil. As a teenager, Lu You had to flee with his family and suffered from being displaced from place to place.

Lu You was influenced by his father's strong patriotic thought since childhood, and he developed a character of worrying about the country and the people and longing for national reconstruction very early. In order to realize the ideal of serving the motherland, he paid special attention to studying the art of war. At the age of 20, he wrote in a poem, "Get on the horse and attack the crazy Hu, dismount the grass army", hoping to go to the battlefield in person one day and kill the enemy to serve the country. However, it was not until he was in his forties that he had the opportunity to be an officer in the army and realized his wish for many years.

Less than a year's military life left a deep imprint on Lu You's life and creation. Wearing a military uniform, he traveled to and from the front. The hard life and patriotic enthusiasm of the soldiers who fought against the enemy greatly expanded his poetic realm, and the tragic hero became the keynote of his life's poetry creation.

In A.D. 1 162, Zhao Shen of Song Xiaozong used the hawk Zhang Jun to prepare for the Northern Expedition. Xiao Zong summoned Lu You, who took this opportunity to put forward many political and military ideas and gave Zhao Shen strong support. However, when the Northern Expedition failed, Song made peace with Jin once again, Xiao Zong's will was shaken, the main peace faction in the DPRK rose again, Zhang Jun was dismissed from office, and Lu You was also dismissed from his post and returned to his hometown. 1 170, Lu You went to Kuizhou (now fengjie county, Sichuan) as a general judge. Later, he went to the shogunate of Fu Xuan's ambassador to Sichuan, Wang Yan, to deal with military affairs, and actively put forward the operational strategy of restoring the Central Plains to Wang Yan. However, due to the obstruction and destruction of the Korean capitulators, Wang Yan was recalled to the court and the shogunate was scattered. Not only did Lu You's fighting idea not come true, but he was also transferred to the appeasement department of Chengdu Prefecture as an official.

11In the summer of' 73, he served as the judge (deputy state official) of Zhou Shu (Sichuan and Chongqing). Soon, he was transferred to the History Department (Leshan, Sichuan) and returned to Zhou Shu at the end of the year. There is no way to serve the country and love the people. Finally, in 1 174 10, Lu You was transferred to Rongzhou (Rongxian County, Sichuan Province) to take charge of state affairs. Although Lu You has been in Zhou Shucai for more than a year, he has deep feelings for Zhou Shu. Even when he returned to his hometown in Yin Shan, Zhejiang Province in his later years, he wrote many poems in memory of Zhou Shu. Zhou Shuren people also miss the poet Jean Songweng. When the poet grew up, he built a temple next to the People's Flower Pool for him and Zhao Tuan (a court official in the Song Dynasty who used to be an official), named Zhao Temple, and later renamed it "Erxian Temple". Now, "Erxian Temple" has been transformed into "Luyou Memorial Hall".

As an outstanding poet, Lu You wrote more than 9,300 poems in his life. Most of these poems are related to fighting against invaders. Or describe the fiery military life, "fall off your clothes and lie on your pillow, sleep in first frost", or place deep worries about the future and destiny of the motherland and gloomy mood full of enthusiasm for serving the country.

Lu You's poems are full of ardent patriotic enthusiasm and sympathize with the sufferings of the people at that time. The thoughts of worrying about the country and the people are interwoven in his works. In his poems such as Big Breath and Autumn Harvest Song, he exposed the exploitation of the lower class by bureaucrats and powerful people, and at the same time, he truly wrote the excellent quality of hard work and kindness of the lower class.

In addition to poetry, Lu You also created many excellent prose works. Some of these works record trivial matters of life, some discuss the national economy and people's livelihood, and some describe the deeds of friends, but they are full of patriotic feelings and have strong appeal.

Lu You has suffered a lot in his life and has a full understanding of the living environment of ordinary people. His works reflect the depth and breadth of life, reaching a height that contemporary poets cannot reach.

Lu You's rich creative practice had a positive impact on his later literary circles in the Song Dynasty, but what was more remarkable was his strong and persistent patriotism. His poems and prose works are a great spiritual inspiration to the people oppressed by other nationalities. Whenever the nation lives or dies, people can't help thinking of this poet who deeply cares about the fate of the motherland in his 85-year-old life.

For more than 800 years, Zhou Shuren people have been thinking of this great patriotic poet. People came thousands of miles to pay tribute to Lu You. Qihuachi is the place where Lu You lived. The waterside pavilions, trees and flowers here are all engraved with the poems of the great poet who cares about the country and the people.

His poem "Reading on a Winter Night and Showing the Son" has become a famous sentence throughout the ages, telling people that a person who has both book knowledge and practical experience is a truly learned person, and "Showing the Son" is Lu You's masterpiece. In this poem, we can see Lu You's eternal patriotic feelings, and he still has to recover lost ground after his death.

Lu You studied Yunmen Caotang here.

Yunmen Caotang is the former residence of Lu You in his early years, in Yunmen Guangfu Temple. In the third year (1.070), Zhao Ning, the northern capital, was named "Shousheng Temple", one of the three auxiliary temples in yunmen temple. It was rebuilt for the second time in Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty and Kangxi period of Qing Dynasty. Due to disrepair, the Buddhist temple has collapsed, leaving only broken walls and several old houses. Lu You's father, Lu Zaiceng, lived in seclusion in Yunmen. When Lu You was a teenager, he studied in Yunmen Caotang. At the age of 32, he went to Fujian to be the main book and wrote a poem entitled "Leaving the topic of Yunmen Getang". Once the site of "Yunmen Caotang" is developed, its significance is not under the "Du Fu Caotang" in Chengdu.

Extended content: Lu You's poems

In autumn, the mountains inhabit the rocks.