Yang Paoan, 1896 1 1, was born in Nanping Township, Xiangshan County, Guangdong Province. 192 1 * * Joined China. 1923 was sent to the Kuomintang to engage in the work of establishing the national revolutionary United front. 1927 in may, the fifth national congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) established the first disciplinary inspection institution in the history of the party-the central supervision commission, and he was elected as a member of the central supervision commission. From 65438 to 0929, he worked in the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and participated in the editing of party newspapers and periodicals. He was one of the pioneers who first spread Marxism in China.
"Take time to remove the frost and enhance your pride."
19110 In June, the Revolution of 1911 broke out. At that time, a new army of the Qing government was stationed around Yang Paoan's hometown. Encouraged by the Communist Youth League members, the new battalion announced an uprising and recovered Xiangshan County. However, the achievements of the Revolution of 1911 were usurped by warlord Yuan Shikai. Then Sun Yat-sen launched the second revolution and failed. Yuan Shikai's favourite, Yunnan warlord Long Jiguang, occupied Guangdong. His bandit team "Ji Jun" is stationed in Xiangshan, selling cigarettes and gambling everywhere, increasing taxes and taxes, and committing all kinds of evils. Yang Paoan, who is full of blood, witnessed the drastic changes in the political situation, and thought of the motherland with thousands of years of civilization history, and the hometown of Xiushan Qing, where the wolf is still fierce and the tiger and leopard are rampant. The reform failed, the Westernization Movement failed, and the democratic republic painstakingly built by Sun Yat-sen and his revolutionaries also existed in name only. "The domineering cultural relics have changed, and the clouds are flowing, although the strings are sad." Yang Paoan couldn't help feeling depressed and puzzled. Where is the way out for the motherland? Where is the way out for the younger generation including myself? He was hesitant and depressed, and it was difficult to find the answer.
19 15 went to study in yokohama, Japan, during which he was exposed to the theories of various western schools and learned Marxist translations. The following year, Yang Paoan returned to his hometown and became a tutor in Macau. 19 18 At the beginning of this year, Yang Paoan's family moved to Guangzhou. At first, he worked as a Chinese teacher in a citizen middle school, teaching students to write poems and essays, and put forward two standards about the content and form of poems and essays: "take the meaning of books and be pragmatic, and be lofty with courtesy." He also said: "Poetry and prose are the same, and the first one is expensive but not vulgar. But those who want to be vulgar in poetry and prose must be vulgar first, and those who want to be vulgar in others must refuse. "
At that time, a bureaucrat of Guangzhou police station asked him to be an adjutant. For this "gravy train", Yang Paoan flatly refused. Although the middle school teacher's salary is not high, he would rather live a poor life. He wrote a poem "Fishing":
Tidy up the poems and manage the fishing rod, and let the autumn water distinguish the cold.
Living in a foreign country is better than living in a humble place, but it is twice as difficult to integrate into today's life.
Frost leaves fight for clear water, and night sails go to clouds.
The single soap hat is very depressed, but the old one is far from Guan Youan.
In the poem, Yang Paoan used Ning Guan, a hermit at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, as a metaphor to express his noble taste, that is, he would never go with the flow, and even in a filthy environment, he would rather be poor and have fun.
However, Yang Paoan's mood at this moment is heavy and melancholy. In addition to the ups and downs of life becoming a heavy burden on his mind, the chaos of state affairs also made him feel suffocated. First, in the summer of 19 17, Xunzi Army led Xunzi Army to Beijing for restoration. Although it was only an episode of 1 1 day, it left a deep shadow in the hearts of Chinese people. In September of the same year, Sun Yat-sen led the navy south to protect the law and established a military government in Guangzhou. Less than a year later, he was forced to leave Shanghai by the southwest warlords. The northern and southern warlords fought for years, only suffering the people and being trapped in a pool of blood for many years. Yang Paoan wrote Summer with complicated feelings:
The lighter the spring clothes, the better. Every day the river overflows.
You will feel sorry if you don't write the lyrics. Occasionally, words with fishermen are also empty.
When people are idle, they sit and watch the clouds, and the world talks about rain ploughing.
I didn't mean to ask about the joys and sorrows. What does cicada rely on? !
The poem reveals the thoughts of "talking about the chaos in the world is cultivated by rain" and "I have no intention to ask about sadness and joy", which is related to his failure to find a way out of the revolution at that time.
However, after all, Yang Paoan is a person who doesn't want to be depressed. When the motherland Lu Chen and its people suffer, he will not stand idly by. Later, he embarked on the road of revolution. Since then, more positive factors have been found in his poems. Such as "Walking Without a Temple in Autumn Night":
Westerly wind disease began with a stroke, and Liudi was lonely.
At the beginning of the garden, the river surged, and the shallow bamboo fell asleep in autumn.
Seize the time to clear the frost and be proud, and fight against the turbid wine.
If you haven't dreamed of going home for a long time, do you still have old yellow flowers?
In this poem, he praised Qiu Ju and Dong Mei's spirit of bravely fighting frost and snow, and expressed his belief and determination not to be afraid of rape and to join in the struggle.
"Without love for the disabled, the enemy is now."
/kloc-in the spring of 0/928, Jiang Guangci, Qian Xingcun and others organized the revolutionary literary and art group "Sun Society" in Shanghai, and Yang Paoan attended the inaugural meeting, and then wrote novels under the pseudonym "Sun Society". Later, Yang Paoan was sent to Nanyang to carry out revolutionary activities and did party work in Singapore and other places.
At that time, he sent back two poems, which were kept by relatives and friends. One of the songs is entitled "Watching Boating Boat and Star Harbor in November", and the poem says:
Looking back at my hometown, the clouds are deep and the blade is lost in Wan Li.
You can sit and lie down for the rest of your life and ask about the future with peace of mind.
There are dream fans in Jiangnan. Who can distinguish the elegant voice overseas?
Laughing at myself that I am lonely and bitter, full of moonlight.
The title of another song is "Send Xiaomei":
When you go to the country for six thousand miles, your heart grows with the clouds.
Flee to the territory and ask the forbidden country.
Can't kinetic energy return to your will? We must not forget the loyalty of the public.
Acacia dreams, the moonlight is full of sandalwood.
When Yang Paoan was in exile, he still remembered that "public loyalty is unforgettable". Yang Paoan's family moved to Macau, Hongkong and Shanghai successively, and under the arrangement of the Party organization, as an underground organ, they secretly engaged in Party activities.
From 65438 to 0929, Yang Paoan returned to Shanghai, worked in the central government and participated in editing the Party's publications. His home is scattered in the party's publishing organs and transportation organs. Soon, due to the destruction of the printing factory, Yang Paoan was arrested. At this time, Zhou Enlai often ventured to visit Yang Paoan's family and organized rescue. Fortunately, Yang Paoan was released after being imprisoned by the enemy for eight months, because he didn't reveal his identity. After he was released from prison, he still worked in the Shanghai Central Government. From 65438 to 0930, Yang Paoan, together with Ruan Xiaoxian, held political training classes in the name of China Freemasonry to train and train Party cadres at all levels.
In an extremely difficult and dangerous environment, Yang Paoan also carried out translation work and publicized Marxism. 1In July, 930, he translated Rabidus's Theory of Land Rent under the pseudonym "Wang Chunyi". The profound analysis of the nature of feudal forces and bourgeois exploitation through land rent has become an important theoretical basis for * * * to carry out vigorous agrarian revolution in the future. Yang Paoan also compiled a 300,000-word "Essentials of Western History", which systematically and briefly described the history of revolutionary movements in western European countries, especially the development history of international communist movements. This paper introduces and comments on the life and major works of Marx, Engels and Lenin, as well as the emergence, development and changes of workers' parties in various countries. This is an earlier work on western history written from the viewpoint of Marxism, and it was also a rare reference book for studying Marxism at that time. The two books compiled by Yang Paoan were published by ShanghaiQiang Bookstore, which was sponsored by Boxiu Lin, a member of * * * *. The book Introduction to Western History was still published after Yang Paoan's sacrifice.
193 1 In the spring of last year, Luo Qiyuan, a former minister of Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China, was exposed as a snitch to Chiang Kai-shek for his misconduct, and many people, including Yang Paoan, were arrested together. Yang Paoan is indomitable in prison. Chiang Kai-shek even wrote two letters of surrender, which were torn up by Yang Paoan. Chiang Kai-shek called the prison directly, and Yang Paoan dropped the receiver. While in prison, Yang Paoan wrote a letter to his relatives, saying that his situation was very dangerous and he would inevitably die for the revolution, and warned his family not to accept any property or financial assistance from anyone he didn't know. At that time, the Party organization came forward to rescue through Soong Ching Ling and He Xiangning, but it didn't succeed. Zhou Enlai also planned an armed rescue, preparing to rob the prison car on the way once the enemy sent him to Nanjing or Suzhou. But the cunning and cruel Chiang Kai-shek ordered Yang Paoan to be secretly shot on the spot.
Yang Paoan has cooperated with Luo Qi Garden for many years. Yang Paoan, who was in prison, realized that Luo Qi Garden could not withstand the enemy's inducement and intimidation, and was likely to shake the rebellion. In order to win the Luo Qi Garden, before his sacrifice, Yang Paoan wrote a poem "The night before he died, show a friend in need" for Luo Qi Garden to bid farewell to a friend in need. The poem says:
Get on the bus generously, and the photo will be complete.
Without love for the disabled, the enemy is now.
Zhi Zhi was poor in James Zhang, but he laughed at Chu Yuan.
Say goodbye from here, don't look at each other sadly.
James Zhang mentioned in the poem is a famous figure in the Eastern Han Dynasty. When Xian Di was in the Han Dynasty, the people were in famine. James Zhang used up all his possessions and saved hundreds of people. Chu Yuan, a native of Southern and Northern Dynasties, was trusted by Emperor Song and Ming. He said, "If Qi Yuan can walk slowly, he will become the prime minister." After the death of Emperor Song Ming, he made it a secretariat order, which made him co-manage state affairs with Yuan charm. Unexpectedly, he betrayed Yuan Shu and helped Qi usurp the Song Dynasty. People sarcastically said, "I would rather die for Yuan Shu than be Chu Shengyuan." Yang Paoan's poem aims to warn Luo Qi Garden, encourage friends in need, persist in struggle and maintain integrity. It should not be laughed at by the world forever like Chu Yuan, a traitor who sold his soul. This poem fully embodies Yang Paoan's righteous and indomitable lofty revolutionary integrity. During the period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Zhou Enlai used this poem to educate his comrades that they should be loyal to the Party like Yang Paoan and be brave enough to devote themselves to the revolution in a complicated and difficult environment.
193 1 In August, 35-year-old Yang Paoan died in garrison headquarters. He gave his precious life for the liberation of China people and the cause of communism. His revolutionary deeds and immortal poems will remain in people's hearts forever.