If you want to know how to play the second exposure in landscape photography, you should first understand what the second exposure is, then several ways to play the second exposure, then the matters needing attention in the second exposure, and finally the operation method of the second exposure in landscape photography.
So the topic of this issue can be broken down into the following five small questions, and then I will share them with you.
Highlights of this issue: My landscape photography with "second exposure" means that the "fog" in the foreground is actually clouds in the sky.
What is a second exposure? As the name implies, the second exposure is the effect of two photos superimposed together.
Secondary exposure is actually the most common shooting method in "multiple exposure". The most popular understanding of multiple exposure is that the camera exposes n times without changing the negative, and the photos taken n times are superimposed on the same negative. This is multiple exposure.
What are the operation modes of secondary exposure? There are generally two ways to play the second exposure-the first is to shoot directly with the camera, and the second is to use retouching software later. However, no matter which way you play, the final result is that two photos are superimposed together.
In the film age, you can shoot the same film n times without overwinding, or superimpose n films in the process of developing and printing; In the digital age, there will be some cameras with "multiple exposure" function. If the camera can't be exposed multiple times, it can also be repaired by retouching software ... all roads lead to Rome, and you can always get it if you want.
The "superposition" technology of secondary exposure Since it comes to the superposition of photos, we should consider what the "pixels" are in each photo.
Photography is actually layout, and photographic composition is also about how to lay out picture elements to make people look more comfortable.
The second exposure is to superimpose two photos together, so correspondingly, the "picture elements" in these two photos will also be superimposed together.
In a successful photographic work, all elements in the picture must be useful and interrelated. Even if there are more elements in the picture, as long as it is arranged properly, it will not make people feel chaotic. The same is true for the second exposure, except that all the elements in the two photos have been rearranged to make them play a positive role, complement each other and avoid interference.
For example, these photos I took, the second exposure used clouds as "fog". The shooting method is to take a picture of Zhang Fengguang first, then find a suitable cloud from the sky, and only shoot the edge of the cloud with telephoto, and then the camera will automatically superimpose the two photos together.
Of course, when you take the first photo, you must leave room for the layout of the picture elements in the second photo.
There is an unwritten rule in the photography circle about how to shoot the second exposure, which can be done when shooting. Don't leave it for later retouching.
Therefore, if the camera itself has the function of "multiple exposure", we can directly set the camera and shoot the effect of "secondary exposure".
The settings of different brands of cameras will be different, but in most camera menus, the function of multiple exposure is generally under the camera icon. We can find the function of multiple exposures according to the instructions, and set the number of exposures to "2 times"-two exposures is the second exposure.
The most common way to play with multiple exposures is two exposures. Three times is not common, and there are almost no more than five times. Why? Because the more superimposed photos, the more photos there will be. Too much content is easy to confuse. My personal experience is to make a plan before fitting, what to take in the first picture, what to take in the second picture, and where the contents in these two pictures are superimposed and supplemented ... this is all calculated in advance. I can remember what picture elements these two photos are superimposed on. I may not remember. I believe other photographers have the same idea as me.
How to retouch the second exposure Now the technology is so developed that both mobile APP and computer retouching software can superimpose two photos together.
For example, the mobile phone retouching software Snapseed has the function of "second exposure", and we can use this software to superimpose two photos-of course, the premise is to arrange all the "picture elements" in these two photos reasonably.
Let's take a look at the renderings first-
Then the original pictures and materials—
Next, it is the retouching step.
Step 1: Use the retouching software Snapseed to open the original scene to be adjusted.
Step 2: Click "Double Exposure" in "Tools", and then add a cloud material photo.
(pay attention to this order, that is, open the main picture first, and then add the material. Step 3: use two fingers to manipulate the second photo of the cloud material, enlarge the cloud and adjust it to a suitable position.
I can probably see the embryonic form-my idea of retouching is to use clouds as the "fog" in the foreground.
Step 4: Adjust the opacity to 100.
Step 5: Click the checkbox to save the effect.
When the opacity is adjusted to 100, only the blue sky and white clouds in the second picture are left … because the first picture is completely covered by the second picture.
Step 6: Then we click the "Look Back" button in the upper right corner to view the modified contents.
Step 7: Click the "Brush" option in "Double Exposure" when viewing the modified contents.
Step 8: Adjust the value of double exposure, and then slowly erase the part covered by clouds.
Double exposure has five values: 0, 25, 50, 75, 100. The transparency of the material picture is different with different values. We can adjust the erased data according to our own ideas.
When erasing, we can click the "reverse selection" function in the lower left corner to see the erasing effect.
In order to make the erased cloud appear thick and light, I used 25, 50 and 75 data to erase the cloud repeatedly.
In addition, it should be noted that only the places with clouds should be wiped, not the blue sky.
Step 9: Click the arrow in the upper right corner to export the final rendering.
It is suggested to use "Save Copy", so that the modified information in the modified picture will be saved without overwriting the original picture.
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Multiple exposures are usually organic multiple exposures and post-synthesis. However, no matter which way you play, the final result is that two photos are superimposed together. This is the difficulty. How to superimpose the desired effect?
In-machine multiple exposure 1, superposition principle
In-machine multiple exposure shooting needs to be set in the menu, and different models of SLR will be slightly different. Take Canon 5D Mark III as an example, the machine has four built-in modes, including addition, average and bright and dark.
What are the functions of these four methods and what are the differences between them?
① Supplement: The camera will not automatically adjust the exposure of the original photo. In addition mode, the more superimposed images, the brighter the effect. By changing the focal length, two shots can be taken, one is real focus and the other is virtual focus. When shooting in real focus, the exposure can be increased, but when shooting in virtual focus, the exposure can be reduced. Can produce the soft focus effect of combining virtual and real.
When two images are superimposed, the exposure compensation of-1EV is performed, and when three images are superimposed, the exposure compensation of-1.5EV is selected, which makes it easier to obtain photos with appropriate brightness.
② Average: control the brightness of photos when synthesizing, automatically compensate negative exposure for the number of photos taken by multiple exposures, and adjust the synthesized photos to the appropriate exposure. The "average" control option is used in actual shooting, and then the brightness of the picture is enhanced by manual negative compensation.
(3) Brightness: Only the bright part is reserved after image synthesis. Simply put, the first Zhang Mingliang part is added to the second dark part.
④ Darkness: The function of this option is just the opposite of the "bright" option, and the darkness in the results of multiple exposures can be preserved when shooting.
The above four modes are only the superposition modes of Canon 5D Mark III (Canon's setting options in the multiple exposure function are more detailed). Some cameras only have multiple exposure function without subdivision, and generally add mode first. If there are other modes, you can test them yourself and know their superposition principle.
2. how to fold it?
Multiple exposures are mainly superimposed. It is also important to understand the superposition principle and how to stack it. Here are several ways to play with multiple exposures of flowers.
"Two places at once": Anyone who has seen Naruto is familiar with it, that is, there are two or more people in the same picture. Select "Average" directly in the mode, fix the camera, set the number of shots if you want several doppelgangers, and you can start if you want a good position. Take one shot in one position, as long as the people in the picture are taken in different positions.
It is recommended to use manual focusing, otherwise the camera refocusing may lead to background dislocation after people change positions; In addition, you can turn down the aperture, so that people can see clearly no matter where they stand.
Overlap: basically, one work is outlined, and then another work is placed in the outline of the first one, so as to get the effect of a photo.
Close-ups (preferably backlit or silhouette) and large scenes are the most commonly used methods for multiple exposures. It should be noted that when taking the first photo, you must pay attention to the contrast between light and dark in the picture. It is best to have more dark areas in the first photo, and the main body of the second photo is placed in the dark areas.
Ghost: It's a bit like a doppelganger. They are all multiple images of the same photo, but the effect is different. Ghosting can create hazy beauty and express dynamic beauty during sports.
After fixing the camera, let the model move a little after taking a photo, and it must be small, otherwise there will be no overlapping parts of the body, and the effect will be much worse. In the background selection, it is still recommended to find a simple one.
Multiple exposure+panning: a method of shooting with a low-speed shutter and shaking the camera at the same time to make the picture dynamic. Shooting method: The shutter speed is usually not too fast, 1/4s and 1/8s are good choices, and the aperture is generally set to F32-F22. First, aim at a flower cluster, measure light evenly, and reduce the exposure 1 (to make the background brightness darker). Hold down the camera and shake it quickly, while pressing the shutter. When shooting, you can shake left and right, up and down or in the same direction according to your own composition needs.
Folding lens+multiple exposure: You can introduce the folding lens yourself. The folding lens is characterized by its outstanding shallow depth of field and charming Jiao Wai spot, which makes the picture hazy. In the case of messy scenes, the use of folding lenses, coupled with multiple exposures, will overlap with the actual situation, which not only coordinates the picture, but also increases the artistic conception of the picture.
Of course, there are more ways to play multiple exposures, but you need keen observation and rich imagination. Before multiple exposures, you must first determine your own ideas through observation, and it is best to "have a plan" to avoid random superposition without ideas and rules. In order to blend nature, if the effect of multiple exposures is average, it can be adjusted appropriately in the later stage.
Post-overlay mobile APP and computer retouching software can be superimposed. Here, take Snapseed on mobile phone as an example to see the specific operation process:
Prepare two materials first,
1. Import character material, click Tools and select the "Double Exposure" function;
2. Enter the "Double Exposure" interface, add landscape materials, and adjust the size, position and opacity;
The overlay mode is selected by default here, and the opacity does not need to be too high. Using the principle of many times and a small amount, the following mask can be partially processed. Choose almost 60-70% appearance here;
3. Enter the "Mask Tool" and select the brush tool;
4. Enlarge the figure and smear it carefully, paying attention to the treatment of the edge part. If you accidentally daub too much, adjust the double exposure value below to 0, and daub off the excess;
5. Exit after daubing and save. If you are not satisfied, you can fine-tune it again with the masking tool. The effect diagram is as follows.
The second exposure of landscape photography does not need to be entangled in whether it is done on the camera or on the computer. Because it is post-production in essence, some people don't think that "the camera is actually a PDA", but they think that it is very technical to finish it on the camera. In fact, they are all post-production, which can be euphemistically called "pre-post-production"
By the way, take some multiple exposure photos taken by mobile phones.
Share 2 photos with multiple exposures.
"Second exposure" in photography is a very professional technology, which requires a very professional camera. In film cameras, the shutter is not set to B-door, which is only available in professional cameras and not in general cameras, but I know a little about its basic principle. In fact, it is reasonable to overlay two desired images with the method of secondary exposure when taking pictures. One is to use the occlusion method, choose to block half and let the other half come out first. Then reduce the exposure, so that the two images overlap, so as to be seamless, so the technical requirements are very high. I feel that in the era of digital cameras and computer retouching, "second exposure" technology can be completely replaced by post-production (computer), and the success rate is much higher, and people are not so tired. Mapping is to put two photos on the computer.
By superimposing them.
Multiple exposures? Multiple exposure, in short, is the shooting technique of superimposing two or more photos into one photo.
Multiple exposure control
In addition: the camera will not automatically adjust the exposure value, but will directly superimpose the photos, so the composite photos may be lit. Suitable for night scenes.
Average: According to the exposure times, the camera will automatically compensate the negative exposure to get the final standard exposure.
Bright: the camera will keep the bright place in the previous photo exposed and synthesize it.
Dark parts: The camera will keep the dark parts in the previous photos exposed and synthesize them.
Also choose the number of exposures, that is, the number of shots to be taken on the same film. There are 2-9 options.
A few years ago, a foreign Chinese friend told me that once you download an App, you can directly expose the mobile phone software for the second time. I lost it when I changed my mobile phone, and I don't remember what App I called. This effect is false.