1, after having obtained the provincial examination
In Tang and Song Dynasties, after having obtained a provincial examination, it was called "rural tribute" and "Xiekao". Locals hosted by local states and governments usually hold exams in August, so they are also called "Qiu Wei". In the Jin Dynasty, the county examination was the provincial examination, and the county magistrate was the trial officer. Only the winner can take the government exam.
The Yuan Dynasty was held in various provinces, but in the abdomen, in Hedong, Shandong, the second Xuanwei Department and Calm, Dongping, Dadu and Shangdu, with a total of 17 places. The exam is divided into two lists, only Mongolian and Semu, Han and Nan.
The Ming and Qing dynasties were held in provincial capitals (including the capital) every three years. Where the champion of this province, the champion of Yin, the champion of Guan and the champion of Gong, have passed the scientific examination, passed the annual examination and recorded their legacy, they can take the examination.
Fanzi, Noon, Maonian and Younian are the regular subjects, and the exam in Qingzhong is the subject, and the exam time is also in August. The examiners in all provinces were appointed by the emperor. The Chinese style is called "Juren", the first name is "Xie Yuan", the second name is Yayuan, the third, fourth, fifth name is Jingkui, and the sixth name is Yakui.
In principle, the winner of the pilot test is qualified to select officials. Anyone from China can take the exam held in the capital the following year.
2, will try
Examination is the central examination in China's ancient imperial examination system. Candidates are from all provinces. The candidates are named "Gong Shi" and the first one is "Huiyuan". Examination, one of the four imperial examinations in Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. The so-called examiners will gather in one place to compete for science and art.
The exam was hosted by the Ministry of Rites and held in the capital. The exam will be held in Gong Yuan, southeast of Beijing's inner city. Four examiners (two in Ming Dynasty) took the exam, and all the officials were college students with Jinshi background and vice ministers below Shangshu, who were appointed by the Ministry.
The successful candidate is called "Gong Shi", also known as "China Jinshi", and the first place is "Huiyuan". The admission quota is uncertain. There are about 300 students in Ming Dynasty, which are divided into three regions: South, North and Middle.
There were no places in the Qing Dynasty, ranging from more than 0/00 to 2,300 students in each subject. In the eighth year of Yongzheng (1730), 406 students were enrolled at the maximum, and in the fifty-fourth year of Qianlong (1789), 96 students were enrolled at the minimum. The number of places admitted to each province depends on the number of candidates and the size and population of the province. After the exam, China people will be invited to take part in the court exam next month.
3. Court examination
Palace examination is the highest subject in the imperial examination. Gong Kao is the emperor's examiner, and Kao Ce asked. Gong Shi participated in the palace test, and after winning the prize, they were collectively referred to as Jinshi. The palace exam is divided into three levels of admission. The first one is for Jinshi and, the second one is for Jinshi origin, and the third one is for Jinshi origin.
The first one admitted three students, the first one is commonly known as the number one scholar, the second one is commonly known as the second one, and the third one is commonly known as Tan Hua, which is collectively called Sandingjia. Second place, first place, commonly known as biography. The first prize was awarded editing by the Hanlin Academy, and the second prize and flower detective were awarded editing by the Hanlin Academy.
The rest of the Jinshi took part in the imperial examination and studied the poems and fu written by the imperial edict. Jishi Shu, who is good at literature and calligraphy, was chosen, and the rest were awarded to the headmaster (staff of various ministries) and magistrate of a county (in fact, to get the position of headmaster and magistrate of a county, you need candidates and alternates, and you can't be an official for life).
Jishi Shu held a "three-year-old" exam at the end of his three-year study in the special church (also known as the ordinary church) in imperial academy. Those with outstanding achievements were awarded the editor by imperial academy (originally the second-class editor in imperial academy and the third-class editor in imperial academy), and the rest were assigned to the ministries as principals or provincial magistrates.
Extended data:
Scientific research content:
The above exams are mainly about eight-part essay and poetry. The title of the eight-part essay comes from the four books and five classics, which is slightly similar to the Confucian classics in the Song Dynasty, but the wording should be the tone of the ancients, the so-called generation of sages. The structure has certain procedures, the number of words is limited, and the syntax requires parallelism, also known as Babiwen, Shi Wen, Shi Yi and Zhi Yi.
The content of the imperial examination is mainly eight-part essay. Eight-part essay mainly examines the contents of Confucian classics, poems, books, rites, changes and the Spring and Autumn Period, and chooses certain topics to write in the Five Classics.
The title and writing style have certain formats. Stereotyped writing has four paragraphs, and each paragraph must have a parallelism sentence. A paragraph with parallelism is called four strokes, and later it is called eight shares.
Eight-part essay was very important at that time, which was related to whether a person could be promoted or not, and whether he could be promoted in the imperial examination. Therefore, it is said in the novel: "Today, the article is heavy, and it is not necessary to talk about Han and Tang Dynasties."
"Han" refers to the articles of the Han Dynasty, while "Tang" refers to the Tang poems, articles of the Han Dynasty and poems and songs of the Tang Dynasty, which are not as important as the eight-part essay valued by emperors today. Eight-part essay was very important at that time.
So people at that time were preoccupied with eight-part essay, and only eight-part essay could knock on the door of imperial examination.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Imperial Examination System