Dong Guangchang worked as a teaching assistant in the Department of Mathematics of Zhejiang University for three years, and 1953 has been a lecturer ever since. 1957 to 1958 studied in Institute of Mathematics, China Academy of Sciences. 1978 was promoted to professor, and 198 1 was approved by the State Council as the first batch of doctoral supervisors. 1979 to 198 1, went to the United States as a visiting scholar for two years. 1986- 1994 was invited to famous universities and research institutions in Australia, Hong Kong, Japan, France, Italy, the United States and other countries and regions for short-term academic exchanges and research. He has worked hard in the field of mathematics research and education for more than 50 years, contributing to the all-round development of mathematics in Zhejiang University and even to the cause of mathematics in China.
Dong Guangchang devoted himself to research for decades and published more than 50 papers and 4 monographs. "Precise fairing method for hull lofting" won the national invention patent. 1978 presided over two projects, "mathematical lofting of hull" and "numerical control drawing", and won the national science conference award; The monograph "Nonlinear Second-order Partial Differential Equation" won the Excellent Academic Monograph Award of University Press; The theory and application of nonlinear second-order partial differential equations won the first prize of scientific and technological progress of the State Education Commission and the fourth prize of the National Natural Science. He has served as the third and fourth director of chinese mathematical society; Vice Chairman of Zhejiang Mathematical Society; The first executive director of China Society of Industrial and Applied Mathematics (CSIAM); Member of the Scientific Teaching Steering Committee of the State Education Commission and Deputy Head of the Construction Group of Applied Mathematics Textbooks; Editor-in-Chief of Journal of Efficient Applied Mathematics; Editor-in-chief of five national academic journals, such as Mathematical Yearbook and Partial Differential Equation. Now he is honorary chairman of Zhejiang Mathematical Society. He was once rated as a national model worker.
Dong Guangchang, his father's name is Dong Shifang and his mother's name is Yu Defeng. 192865438+1On October 28th, Dong Guangchang was born in Hengpogang Village, Nan 'an Township, Fuliang County, Jiangxi Province. He is a small village head with only a dozen families. His family was originally well-off, but his grandfather and father were forced to go to court to fight because another family named Dong wanted to occupy their ancestral temple in Jingdezhen. I went to court around the state capital, left home 180 miles, and traveled many times, which took a lot of effort to prepare. Although he won the lawsuit in the end, he was already heavily in debt, so he had to sell his ancestral temple to pay off his debts and buy a few acres of thin land to grow rice to make a living. His father once had the initial idea of using wasteland to sell watermelons and make a profit by selling watermelon seeds, and put it into practice. Later, neighboring villagers followed suit and had to give up. His father was sickly when he was young. After many medical failures, he read a lot of medical books and finally cured himself. Later, he further studied medical books and became a local famous doctor. People from dozens of miles around came to see him. His father opened a pharmacy and managed it to make a living while practicing medicine. His family is getting better and better, and he bought a house and a field. His father is very supportive of his children's schooling and spends all the money he earns on the education of four children. The bumpy family experience left an indelible impression on Dong Guangchang's childhood and had many potential influences on his later growth.
At the age of seven, Dong Guangchang went to a private school eight miles away from home, and later went to a senior middle school in the center of Nan 'an Township, Hu Xiang Street. After graduating from primary school, he won the first place among more than 500 people who entered the provincial Boyang Middle School. His outstanding achievement in the senior high school entrance examination lies in his early self-study. In the next semester of the fifth grade in primary school, I once solved a difficult arithmetic problem, so I became interested in self-taught math books. I taught myself the textbook for the sixth grade. By the sixth grade, I had read many middle school textbooks. When he was in middle school, his grades were always among the best. Because of the Japanese invasion of China at that time, the traffic was interrupted, and the middle school books were not rich and the school was relatively closed, but he still insisted on self-study after school and read many books on mathematics, such as Charles Mida algebra and Hall Nida algebra.
1946 After graduating from high school, he and several classmates went down the Yangtze River and went to Shanghai to apply for universities. On the boat, I heard that there are two famous mathematicians in the Mathematics Department of Zhejiang University, Su and Chen. I thought studying in the Mathematics Department of Zhejiang University would be of great help to my future development in mathematics, so I applied to Zhejiang University while applying to other universities, and finally chose Zhejiang University when several schools accepted him.
After the college entrance examination, I came to Zhejiang University a few days in advance because I couldn't go home. In the dormitory, the senior told him that he could go to the department library for self-study, but because he was not registered, he needed the approval of the department head, so he found Professor Su, the then department head, gave him a note and immediately borrowed books from the department library for self-study.
After four years in college, I worked as a teaching assistant for two years after graduation, and my academic environment was superior. Chen and Su, famous teachers, have personally taught and presided over discussion classes. The teaching of other high-level teachers and academic exchanges between classmates and colleagues have provided good conditions for him to learn mathematics. At the same time, there are many books and magazines in the department library, which provides sufficient sources for Dong Guangchang to study mathematics after class. During this period, Dong Guangchang laid the foundation of his lifelong mathematics career.
1953, Dong Guangchang was promoted as a lecturer and began to give students basic courses such as calculus. Because of the strong accent in his hometown, in order to make students understand in class, he made many cards, writing pinyin on the front and pinyin on the back, and practicing correct pronunciation. After a period of persistence, he basically corrected Jiangxi accent, ensured the quality of class, and was welcomed by students.
1952 after the adjustment of colleges and departments in colleges and universities across the country, the mathematics department of Zhejiang University was revoked, and all teachers above lecturers who taught undergraduate courses were transferred from Zhejiang University, and most books and magazines were transferred to Fudan. In this extremely difficult academic environment, he insisted on conducting mathematical research in Zhejiang University and made achievements. He became one of the earlier scholars in China who studied number theory and published a series of innovative academic papers. He improved the previous results of upper bound estimation of divisor deviation and gave a new formula. As a result, he has made a series of new achievements in the lower bound estimation and asymptotic estimation of the mean square, which have been highly praised by mathematicians such as Hua and Min Sihe, and introduced to visiting experts abroad. Although these achievements were published in 1950s, they were repeatedly cited by important international magazines in 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, including Journal of Arithmetic, the magazine with the highest level of number theory, which became one of the classic achievements in this field. Why did he still achieve such results under extremely difficult circumstances? The main reason is that he taught himself three masterpieces of number theory by Landau in his senior year, and his knowledge of number theory reached the international frontier level.
As early as 1952, inspired by Gu Chaohao, he thought that partial differential equations were closer to industrial practice than number theory and should be more useful in national construction, so he began to teach himself introductory books on partial differential equations. 1954 the institute of mathematics of China academy of sciences opened a summer school for partial differential equations. After learning this news, Dong Guangchang actively strived to participate in the study. Because the mathematics teaching and research group of Zhejiang University has only won one study place, he and Guo can only attend classes in Beijing as observers and make a floor at the home of Professor Su Zhang Cheng of the Institute of Mathematics to solve the accommodation problem. 1955 summer vacation, I went to Beijing Institute of Mathematics at my own expense to continue my study and study partial differential equations with people who have equations.
1956, Premier Zhou delivered a speech in the State Council, calling on the whole country to March into science. Dong Guangchang, hoping to improve the academic research environment, wrote a report to the school. The report described Hua and Min's four-in-one remarks, which were regarded by the school leaders as newly discovered outstanding talents marching into science, so he reported to the provincial party Committee and arranged for him to be the first spokesman at the meeting of Zhejiang New Democratic Youth League marching into science in that year, and became a special member of the province in that year.
Dong Guangchang was admitted to China Graduate School with 1957, hoping to better improve his personal scientific research conditions. However, school leaders do not want to see outstanding talents leave the school and refuse approval. Finally, he had to go to the Institute of Mathematics of Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing for further study as a solution for both the school and the individual. During his stay in Beijing, he listened to lectures by Soviet experts and published a paper on mixed partial differential equations.
1957 mathematics department of Zhejiang university resumed classes, and he returned to school to teach senior students' courses at 1958 and guide students' graduation thesis. 196 1 year enrolled two graduate students, which was the first graduate student enrolled as a lecturer in China, and also affirmed his teaching and scientific research level. 1962 recruited another one. By 1964, five students have signed up.
Dong Guangchang has in-depth research on partial differential equations. For example, in subsonic flow around obstacles, he improved the previous results, that is, the solution only exists at low Mach number (m does not exceed 0.7) and reaches any Mach number (m & amp； lt； 1), that is, the paper "Space subsonic flow and the generalization of this boundary value problem in higher cases". This is an academic paper that Dong Guangchang prepared to publish in Journal of Mathematics 1966, but it was published in Journal of Zhejiang University 1979 due to the Cultural Revolution. This research achievement was still at the leading level in the world in the 1980s, so when he visited abroad, foreign universities specially printed pamphlets for this article.
Before 1966, Dong Guangchang mainly studied linear equations, such as mixed partial differential equations and degenerate elliptic equations. 1978, he began to study nonlinear elliptic equations and nonlinear parabolic equations, and published many academic papers at home and abroad. For example, he really proved the existence of solutions of completely nonlinear parabolic equations of natural structures for the first time in the world. These achievements won him the first prize of 1990 state education commission's scientific and technological progress award and the fourth prize of 1995 national natural science award. Professor D. Gilbarg of Stanford University commented: "Professor Dong Guangchang's work will always be important in the mathematical literature of compressible flow."
In addition to publishing a series of academic papers on partial differential equations at home and abroad, he also published two academic monographs, Linear Second-order Partial Differential Equations and Nonlinear Second-order Partial Differential Equations, which are the results of his years of teaching and scientific research work. The book Nonlinear Second-order Partial Differential Equations was included in its monograph translation series by the American Mathematical Society and translated and published in 199 1. Professor L. nirenberg, an academician of the American Academy of Sciences, said: "This book contains many good and profound transcendental estimates and is a treasure chest of mathematical estimates."
During the "Cultural Revolution", Dong Guangchang was also hit, left in limbo, politically discriminated, and his joining the Party and becoming a full member was delayed for some time. But like many promising scientists, he quickly got into work as soon as abnormal political censorship passed.
From 1970, he spent nearly 10 years studying mathematical lofting of ship hull, and was one of the leaders of scientific research projects in this field in the Sixth Machinery Department (Shipbuilding Industry Department) at that time. 1970, the Sixth Machinery Department set the mathematical lofting of the hull as the development direction of the national shipbuilding industry, hoping to realize the automation of China's shipbuilding industry in the future. Many provinces and cities in China regard it as a research project, and Zhejiang Provincial Communications Department is no exception. It is decided to jointly study this topic with the Department of Mathematics of Zhejiang University, and Dong Guangchang is the project leader.
At first, he went to Jiaxing Shipyard as an intern with Yi freshman and Liang Youdong to learn from lofting workers. He used wood splines and weights to set out manually, and then calculated the data with a computer after returning to school. Later, because the computer in the school could not meet the needs of calculation, he went to Shanghai to study this project in cooperation with Qiuxin Shipyard and Ship Research Institute of the Ministry of Communications. What is the key problem of mathematical lofting of hull? Is it smooth? When this problem was difficult to understand for a while, Dong Guangchang's guiding ideology was that mathematical lofting faithfully imitated manual lofting, the natural setting of manual lofting, two loans, and the sticking of straightedge, all of which were simulated mathematically, forming a rebound method of mathematical lofting of ships that was more faithful to manual lofting than other research groups and was deeply loved by lofting workers. 1978 was recommended by Su to Science Press to publish the academic monograph "Mathematical Setting-out by Hull Rebound Method".
In the process of studying mathematical lofting of hull for a long time, he spent a short time learning numerical control drawing. 1976, Norwegian businessmen came to China to show their country's plotters in Beijing and Shanghai, and drew the hull lines and ribs on the spot. Shanghai Institute of Shipbuilding Technology believes that plotters should be bought, and whether to buy drawing software depends on whether we can write a good drawing software in a short time. At that time, Dong Guangchang and others were leading students to practice in the Institute of Shipbuilding Industry and accepted this tentative software development task. The task was completed in less than two months, and the drawing effect of the compiled software was better than that of Norwegian software. In the past, Norwegian performers cherished their performance paper tapes, and they could not carry them with them. After Dong Guangchang developed our own software, they no longer cherish it, and the institute no longer buys foreign drawing software, saving tens of thousands of yuan for the country to buy drawing software.
1978, two scientific research projects he presided over, "mathematical lofting of ship hull" and "numerical control drawing", both won the National Science Conference Award, and he also won the individual award for the significant contribution of science and technology.
Some domestic scientific research institutes (such as Ship Technology Research Institute) and shipyards (such as Shanghai Qiuxin Shipyard and Zhonghua Shipyard) have been using "rebound method" to smooth the ship profile. In order to further improve and enrich the theoretical achievements in this field, after a lapse of 20 years, Dong Guangchang further developed and perfected the above research contents and formed a more accurate theoretical system to describe the meaning of "smoothness". Professor A. R. Forrest, a famous foreign computational geometry expert, thinks that Dong's linear fairing work is "a model of applying mathematics and calculation to practical problems". On this basis, the research group led by Dong Guangchang realized the automation of ship line fairing process, and the actual fairing effect exceeded the similar research level at home and abroad.
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Dong Guangchang has successively offered courses on advanced mathematics, mathematical physical equations, complex variable functions, real variable functions, functional analysis, calculation methods and mixed equations for undergraduates, and courses on linear second-order partial differential equations, nonlinear second-order partial differential equations, viscous solutions of completely nonlinear partial differential equations, data and image processing for postgraduates. In his nearly 50 years of research and teaching career, he has made great achievements with perseverance and set an example for young people. 1956 was selected as the outstanding representative of "marching into science" by Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League; 1965 went to Beijing to attend the national day ceremony as a model worker in Zhejiang province; 1978 was awarded the "Outstanding Scientific and Technological Personnel with Significant Contributions" by the National Science Conference; And won the honorary title of "National Model Worker"; 1994 was awarded the title of outstanding teacher in Zhejiang province. In view of the remarkable achievements, he was directly promoted from lecturer to professor from 65438 to 0978. 198 1 year, the State Council Academic Degrees Committee approved him as one of the first doctoral supervisors. At the beginning of the implementation of the reform and opening-up policy, from 1979 to 198 1, Dong Guangchang was sent to the United States for further study for two years, mainly visiting new york Columbia University and Courand Institute of new york University. After some achievements, the famous professor of Courant Institute suggested that it would be more rewarding if (Dong) could visit more universities and research institutions. Dong Guangchang managed to get in touch with other universities and overcame the difficulty of cost. He was invited to visit the University of Wisconsin, the University of Minnesota and the University of California, Berkeley, and gave academic lectures in more universities and research institutions, which was welcomed and broadened the contact surface of academic exchanges. Since then, it has become a style of his research work to insist on using various opportunities to carry out academic exchanges with his peers.
Dong Guangchang has also made great achievements in personnel training. Since the reconstruction of the Mathematics Department of Zhejiang University from 65438 to 0957, as the academic leader of the Department of Mathematics, he has devoted himself to the cultivation of high-level mathematics talents. He inherited and carried forward the fine tradition of rigorous scholarship and upright style of study in the mathematics department of old Zhejiang University, and made great efforts to form a good teaching and research atmosphere in the mathematics department, and achieved results. Shen Changxiang, an academician of China Academy of Engineering who graduated in the 1960s and worked in the navy, Lin Fanghua (a professor at the University of Chicago) and Li Jianshu (a professor at the University of Maryland) who graduated in the 1980s are famous young scholars who sent invitations to the International Congress of Mathematicians. Today's achievements have a lot to do with Dong Guangchang's careful training.
He has been guiding graduate students since the 1960s. Researcher Shen, who holds an important position in Beijing Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, was a graduate student he trained in the 1960s. Over the years, he has trained more than 10 doctors. His knowledge, keen insight and rigorous academic attitude under specific historical conditions have had an important impact on graduate students, and all the doctors he trained have become academic backbones. Among them, Hong Minchun won the first prize of Huo Yingdong's young teachers' scientific research as soon as he graduated, and Bian Baojun and Xu-Jia Wang were also members of Tianyuan Fund Project Team. Under his leadership, the research of partial differential equations in Zhejiang University has become a strong force in this field in China.
In addition to his contributions to scientific research and mathematics, he also played a positive role in judging and supporting new academic ideas and new things in academic circles. For example, 1973 helped Zhejiang Science and Technology Bureau solve the difficulty of deciding whether to set up a general-purpose computer or a special-purpose computer first, and played an important role in the establishment of Zhejiang Institute of Computing Technology. For another example, in the 1970s, he led young people to engage in the research of mathematical lofting and numerical control drawing of ships, and took the lead in introducing the research branch of "Computational Geometry" in Zhejiang University, which will help Zhejiang University to establish CAD&: The foundation stone of CG State Key Laboratory was laid. For another example, during the period of 65438-0994, he attached great importance to the application of nonlinear science closely related to applied mathematics in high-tech fields, especially in the information field, published articles in China Science and Technology News, Zhejiang Daily and newspapers successively, and set up a team mainly for young people in the Department of Mathematics to do research work in this field, and achieved remarkable results.
Dong Guangchang is the founder and one of the main founders of the Institute of Advanced Mathematics of Zhejiang University. He actively strived for the establishment of the first post-doctoral mobile station in mathematics in Zhejiang Province, and guided many post-doctoral researchers. He spared no effort to support and promote young scholars, organized various academic activities, and constantly opened up new disciplines, making contributions to the all-round development of mathematics in Zhejiang University and China.