Huanglong Scenic Spot in Sichuan was listed on the World Heritage List in 1992 and 65438+February.

Huanglong Scenic Area is located in Songpan County, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province. Above 3000 meters above sea level, it is one of the highest scenic spots in China. The scenic spot consists of Huanglong Scenic Spot and Munigou Scenic Spot. Surface travertine is the biggest feature of Huanglong landscape. It covers an area of 700 square kilometers. The main landscape is concentrated in Huanglonggou, which is about 3.6 kilometers long. The ditch is covered with calcium carbonate deposits, which are arranged in a ladder shape, like a golden dragon, accompanied by snow-capped mountains, waterfalls, virgin forests, canyons and other landscapes. Huanglong Scenic Area is famous for its unique karst landscape and rich animal and plant resources. From the bottom of Huanglonggou (2000 meters above sea level) to the top of the mountain (3800 meters above sea level), there are subtropical evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest, coniferous mixed forest, subalpine coniferous forest, alpine shrub meadow and so on. Giant pandas, golden monkeys and other 10 kinds of precious animals roam among them, making the special karst landform of Huanglong Scenic Area intertwined with rare animal and plant resources, which is natural. It enjoys the reputation of "the wonder of the world" and "the jade pool on earth" with its majestic, spectacular and wild scenery characteristics.

scenery

Huanglonggou is backed by Xuebaoding, the main peak of Minshan Mountain, with snow all year round, facing the Qingyuan of Fujiang River. At the foot of Cui Yufeng at the top of the valley, alpine snow water and karst water gushed from the surface blend and flow. The fast-flowing water, undulating terrain, and the blocking of dead branches and rocks began to condense calcium carbonate rich in water. The solid calcareous ridges developed in China kept flowing water in layers of connected colorful pools, drawing the first natural picture of Huanglong wonders. In the process of calcium carbonate deposition, it forms different travertine with various organic and inorganic substances, which changes under illumination, forming a pool with the same origin and different colors, so people call it "color pool".

The colorful pool can't hold so many beautiful colors in the painting, so the water flies all the way, and on the 2.5-kilometer-long ridge slope, another spectacular spectacle-Jinsha floor is formed. It turns out that in places where mountains and rivers are flooding, the hillside is covered with layers of milky yellow scaly travertine. The sun is accompanied by surging water waves, and the whole valley is shining, which looks like a huge yellow dragon flying down from the snow-capped mountains. The scaly uplift on the "dragon waist and dragon back" is like its pieces of "dragon armor" This is the reason why Huanglonggou got its name.

The pool is as big as one or two acres and as small as several square meters, such as horseshoes, palms, water chestnuts and lilies. The huge water flowed along the ravine, poured into the colorful pool of Tihu Lake, fell layer by layer, crossed the forest, crossed the dam and rolled on the beach. The first pond group entering the ditch is hidden in a lush forest, passing through pale branches and leaves, and more than 20 colorful and uneven ponds are sparkling and falling layer by layer, and the sound of water is jingling; Some pools have low ridges, overflowing water and blue white water on the banks, which are colorful under the sunlight. Some lakes are full of old trees and vines, such as eagles spreading their wings and tigers descending the mountain, which are lifelike and lifelike; Some ponds are full of trees such as pine and cypress, which are either above the water or submerged in the water. They are graceful and charming, and look like "water bonsai".

Colored pools vary in size and shape, and some pools reflect different colors and are colorful and compete with each other; Surging shallow water, sunny, sparkling and crystal clear; There is a thin layer of pale yellow moss under the water, which feels soft and cool when it is involved in the beach current. Here and now, it's like entering Yaochi Wonderland.

The unique natural scenery of Huanglong has long been known to people. According to legend, a long time ago, there was a "Huanglong real person" who lived in seclusion here. According to the records of Songpan County, there were three temples in the Ming Dynasty, the former, the middle and the latter, which stood opposite each other and were full of incense. Later, most of the first two temples collapsed, leaving a Guanyin hall in the middle and a back hall at the top of the valley basically intact. Housi is now a Taoist temple, which enshrines a real statue of Huanglong. Up to now, during the traditional temple fair of Huanglong Temple in June of the lunar calendar, hundreds of people from Tibetan, Qiang, Hui, Han and other ethnic groups in Fiona Fang will gather here, either to make pilgrimages, to pray in the temple, or to enjoy the scenery, sing and dance.

Huanglong Scenic Area is a scenic spot with unique scenery, rich resources, primitive ecology, well-preserved and important scientific and aesthetic values. There are snow-capped mountains like Canada, canyons in Wyoming, virgin forests in Colorado and lime ponds in Yellowstone National Park. A variety of landscapes, concentrated in one place, can be called the wonders of the world. Huanglong is not only the precious wealth of China people, but also the precious wealth of mankind.

The industrious Tibetan people work hard and create here. Flying prayer flags, ancient waterwheels, slow-consuming cows ... melt between strange mountains and strange waters, blue sky and white clouds, making people immortal. Its primitive natural landforms, precious biological germplasm and rich types still have important scientific value.

Natural heritability

The huge travertine landscape on the surface

Huanglong, with large scale, various types, ingenious structure and rich travertine landscape (table 1), is unique among the national scenic spots and has become a must in China. The comprehensive landscape is outstanding. Huanglong is set in the beautiful plateau scenery and unique ethnic customs. High mountains and skyscrapers, criss-crossing canyons, lush forests and clear water are inlaid with beautiful travertine landscapes such as ponds, lakes, beaches, waterfalls, springs and caves, dotted with mysterious local customs of various ethnic groups such as villages, temples, farming, animal husbandry, singing and dancing. Their landscape is complete and unique, but they are combined into an organic and harmonious whole. Against the unique blue sky and white clouds, sunny showers and morning and evening seasons in the plateau, a group of dynamic and magical natural landscapes are presented.

Yaochi on earth

Huanglonggou, the main scenic spot, resembles the image of "dragon" in China people's mind, so it has always been called "Yaochi on the earth" and "symbol of China". In the local area, it is revered by villagers of all ethnic groups. Tibetans call it "the East Sun Color King", which means the conch mountain in the east (referring to Xuebaoshan) and the golden Haizi (referring to Huanglonggou).