Diligent in handling cases, he acceded to the throne in the first year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (1049), and was admitted to Peng Yannian as a scholar. According to records, after Peng Yannian was admitted to the Jinshi Examination, the emperor "summoned questions" and called them to the Ru Long Hall. Later, he was appointed as the magistrate of Fuzhou Prefecture, in charge of a state's justice, specializing in investigation, imprisonment and litigation. After taking office, Peng Yannian is "diligent in handling cases" and not good at making friends, but he can observe and sniff out carefully, that is, "the poor are humble and professional", and he can convey his own voice. Because of fair law enforcement and high political voice, he was promoted to be a judge of Dali Temple. With the aim of "living well and being close to the people", he created many unjust prisons and won the hearts of people inside and outside Beijing. At that time, the soldiers carrying grain in Sizhou will be executed for stealing food. When commenting on this case, he pointed out that there are many risks in water transportation, and it is "not a thief in a day", so the sentence is "killing too many people". To this end, he defended himself and exempted five people from capital crimes after retrial.
In the fifth year of Song Renzong (1052), the court discussed and severely punished more than 50 officials who abandoned the city in the agricultural intellectual uprising. According to the fact that many counties in Guangnan have not built barriers, few troops are stationed, and they are unable to resist. In order to make dozens of officials lenient. Peng Yannian was impeached by the relevant officials, and Peng cited the former king's purpose of "applying criminal law with caution" and rightfully refuted it. Soon, Peng Yannian was promoted to Shao Qing of Dali Temple. During his tenure, he was "ordered to be imprisoned in many places in Guinea".
In the fourth year of Zhiping (1067), Song Shenzong acceded to the throne and changed to Xining. In the second year of Xining (1069), Wang Anshi took part in politics, and was promoted to prime minister the following year, vigorously promoting the new law. Peng Yannian opposed the young crops law in the memorial ceremony, arguing that the young crops law did not bring benefits to the people, and "only looked at the people's wishes, but did not comply". Although untimely, it was "very eloquent", and Zongshen comforted it for "a long time" and ordered it to participate in the compilation of A Record of Yingzong.
In the ninth year of Xining (1076), in the spring of February, Peng Yannian ordered the grain supervisor. He is not afraid of power. As soon as he took office, he rejected the proposal of a servant named Li to save 60 thousand pawns and ensure grain transportation. During the period of supervising Cao Cao, I saw the drought and locusts in Jianghuai, and quickly called the imperial court to send envoys to inspect. However, officials concerned have been slow to forward the report. He couldn't help but rush to say, "How about not eating in the palace for a long time?" At his urging, the imperial court finally "sent envoys to open warehouses for relief", which made the Jianghuai victims "move back to more than 3,000 households". Then, he made a quasi-tax exemption in the disaster area.
Sun Zhu, a native of Peng Yannian and Guangling at that time, was treated with "courtesy" for many times because of his erudition. Every time North Korea has any questions, it will ask their opinions. Zong Shen once talked to him about "the difficulty of knowing people". He said that Yao was embarrassed because he knew people, but he finally felt relaxed; Employers should pay attention to real talents and practical learning, and don't just see their achievements in small achievements and near profits. Even today, such a concept of employing people is not without reference value.
Peng Yannian didn't approve of Wang Anshi's political reform, but Wang Anshi always valued him. It is said that Wang Anshi once told him that if you kiss me less, your rank will be obvious (if you are a little closer to me, you will be in a significant rank). Peng Yannian just laughed. As a result, he was finally moved to know Chaozhou military affairs.
In the Song Dynasty, everyone was set as the head of state, presiding over military and political affairs, which is the so-called state affairs of Zhijun. Chaozhou in Song Dynasty, far away in the southeast corner of the sea, was remote and relatively backward. After Peng Yannian arrived in Chaozhou, he faced not only frequent natural disasters, but also rampant pirates, people's livelihood and unrest. As soon as I entered Meizhou, I met hungry people and gathered together. When he saw it, he sincerely said to the hungry people, "I'm a naked boy", made a decisive decision, sent troops to conquer Yu, and got "Ding Zhuang Wan Yu" and filled it into the army; The boss asked him to pay "envy money" (extra money), but he bluntly refused, saying that Chaomei was in famine, so how could he pay extra money? Peng Yannian understands the dialectical relationship between enriching the people and strengthening the country, regards "disturbing the people" as a great evil, and pays special attention not to "disturbing the people" so that the people can lighten their burdens, settle down their lives, develop production and recover from the disaster. For example, he learned that after Chaoshan, the income of tea and salt in Chaoshan increased year by year, from 20 thousand to 80 thousand. Some people suggest encouraging "obituaries" to increase taxes. He thought it was "disturbing the people" and flatly said "I will do nothing".
In the third year of Yuanfeng (1079), pirates invaded the southeast coast, especially Chaoshan and Zhou Xun (now Heyuan). Peng Yannian saw the fact that "coming to the ship with Japanese friends will lead to many people" from the repeated harassment of pirates, and ordered to crack down on "coming to the ship" separately, and "exterminating the roots" in Zhelin and Matouying. In the second year of Yue King, Shi Yilang of Yongzhou (now Nanning) led pirates to invade Zhou Xun, and then disturbed Chisha 'ao and Dajinmen in Chaozhou. As it happens, Guangdong transshipped Wang Han to patrol Chaoshan, which was a concerted effort to suppress thieves. Wang Han led the boat division, and Peng Yannian was in charge of the land division. They attacked pirates by land and water, and suffered a crushing defeat.
In the fifth year of Yuanfeng (1082), the Hanjiang River in Chaozhou burst its banks, "drowning people in their fields and houses", and the victims "abandoned their homes and houses to avoid them". Peng Yannian quickly organized dike repair. Most of the cost of dike construction comes from his own salary. At the same time, he adopted policies such as tax reduction and recuperation, so "the people returned to work."
In the sixth year of Yuanfeng (1083), bandits in Changting, Fujian, Qianzhou, Jiangxi and other places made an insurrection. Together with pirates, they plundered Chaoshan and followed the two states. Peng Yannian persevered, recruited more than 2,000 warriors, and held the city to resist. In the days when bandits besieged the city, Peng Yannian opened a warehouse to help the people and dug 36 wells to save the people in the city from hunger and thirst. Later, when the city ran out of food, Peng Yannian and his men swore with tears that if a scholar died, his father would die, which would be a big festival for strangers. If a man's husband is honest, he will give up his life and turn to the world, crying and mourning. How can he stand on his own feet in the world? Therefore, Peng Yannian "bows and arrows", "four wars before and after". In a battle, he even "was cut off by a thief" and still reluctantly commanded. He took the enemy by surprise. He has predicted that the thief will sneak attack, that is, ambush in the southwest of the city. When the thief was killed, the ambush suddenly appeared and killed his master. At the same time, he first selected warriors and bypassed the surprise attack, "burning his camp." At this point, in the absence of reinforcements, after several fierce battles, the court and the money were defeated inside and outside, and finally fled.
Peng Yannian won the support of Chaoshan people because of his great achievements in tidal control. When Zongshen heard about his achievements, he personally gave him a book of praise and recalled him as Zhengqing of Dali Temple in North Korea. It is reported that when he left, the hipsters felt their kindness and kept asking him to stay. "Old and young people sobbed all over the road", so that they could not leave for seven days. Peng Yannian, feeling the deep affection of hipsters, left Xu Shi and Huang's two wives and six sons behind and returned to his post alone. Qin, in particular, gave yipin a costume and went to Xiliao. Peng Yannian lived up to his mission and finally fulfilled his wish of reconciliation with the Western Liao Dynasty for the Dasong Dynasty. Lu Ye Hongji, king of Qidan, poured him wine in a jade cup and said to the left and right, "It's good to have such a minister in the Song Dynasty!" He also gave four horses and sent two messengers and a soldier to send them back to the south.
After Peng's return from a long trip to Western Liao, Peng Yannian became famous, causing the envy of the "parties". He is getting old, and he has the idea of retirement. At this point, he can't help but lose hope. The following year, he resolutely wrote to resign and retire. Zong Shen not only cherished his talent, but also pitied his feelings, so he gave him a purple and gold belt and a hundred acres of land to bring him back to the forefront. Peng Yannian lived in Pukou Village, Chaozhou (now Houyang Village, Jieyang City, Guangdong Province) and built Pengyuan. He used the money given by the emperor to build Pengyuan, the first unique private garden in eastern Guangdong. The park is surrounded by mountains and waters, with buildings, halls, pavilions, flowers and trees, and medicine gardens, which are quite natural and interesting. It also has a historical role that cannot be ignored. It introduced and spread the architecture and sculpture art in the Central Plains, promoted the development of architectural technology in Chaozhou and contributed to the prosperity of private gardens in Chaozhou. This park was very popular in the Northern Song Dynasty, and its reputation spread all over the world. At the end of Song Dynasty and the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, Pengyuan was destroyed by war. Fortunately, Peng Yannian gave the design drawings to Master Peng, who built the garden, and brought them back to his hometown of Luling. In the 1940s, the old man named Peng in Luling brought the garden drawings to Thailand for the collection of Thai villagers. In the early 1990s, the descendants of Peng brought them back to Pukou Village from Thailand, enabling Peng Garden to be rebuilt according to the drawings. This tortuous story is indeed a beautiful story in the history of garden architecture. In recent years, it has been repaired many times and is now listed as a municipal cultural relics protection unit. There is a medicine garden in the garden, the entrance has the East Hall, and the martial arts school has four watchtowers, a blue pavilion, a study, a rockery and a cloister. "Xuan has the East Hall, left bamboo and right pine, negative mountain and face, shelf books, cranes in court, wine in the car. Social friends gather in Dexing, herding and singing fishing songs, and forget to return to Ralph's feelings. "
After Peng Yannian lived in seclusion, the imperial court continued to receive letters patent. There are five poems written in Pukou Village Poetry, including "Pukou Village has a good life, but its poverty is not as good as Hua Fu's, piling books as a companion, and planting medicine as a career." Poems such as "I love to recite bitter poems, and I have buds in my heart when I am free" and "When I am at peace with Sang Ma" fully prove that life at that time was interesting. Besides, he cares about Jieyang's culture and education. It's important to preach and teach, and the world is unstable, which is largely tacit. In Jieyang Academy, which he donated, Wang personally taught the students the first lesson. Later, Jieyang Academy became more and more famous, with many literati, juren and scholars. Therefore, the Academy was renamed Jieyang Academy and became a local academic center. Since then, on the third day of August, the second year of his birth (1095), Peng Yannian passed away at the age of 87 after spending1year in Pukou, "stacking books as a companion and planting medicine as a profession" and "there are two or three farmhouses in a thousand hectares of rice fields". Peng Yannian was buried in Qiu Fu, Pukou, hence the name Peng Tomb. Located in Qiufushan, Lincuoliao, Meiyun Town, Jieyang City, facing south, it was built in the third year of Song Shaosheng (1096). This tomb, together with Pengyuan and Pengci, is listed as a cultural relic protection unit in Jieyang City. Peng Yannian has six sons, namely Quan, C, Rui, Yue,,. Only brother C and his brother were appointed as the prefects of Gutian County, Fujian Province and Guiyang County, Hunan Province, with the results of the first and second place after the provincial examination. The other brothers are bachelors and doctors. Today, there are descendants of Peng Yannian in Jiexi of Chaoshan, Meixian District of Meizhou, Wuhua, Tai Po, Xingning, Fengshun, Jiaoling, Pingyuan, Luhe County, Huizhou, Dongguan and Shenzhen. Peng Yannian has six sons and eight grandchildren, all of whom have achieved success in their studies and careers. Their descendants are not only all over eastern Guangdong, but also all over the world. According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 2 million descendants so far.
As mentioned earlier, Peng Yannian's opposition to Wang Anshi's young crops law has the disadvantage of disturbing the people. Is there any harm in the young crops method? No objections at all?
There is no denying that Wang Anshi's purpose in implementing the young crops law is to enrich the country, but he also has the subjective will to consider the interests of farmers. But in fact, the interest of the court is as high as two cents, which is not much lower than that of usurers. The original intention of "saving the people" has completely become empty talk. Moreover, Wang Anshi bypassed the "three redundancies" and tried to enrich the people and strengthen the country by increasing income. However, when it was implemented, many unexpected problems appeared: how to prevent corruption and bribery in lending? Will there be mandatory suppression? How to prevent money from being misused in the hands of farmers? When it is due, how can we ensure that the money can return to the state treasury? If you can't go back to the library, do you want to use punishment, will society be turbulent? In short, will the measures to benefit the people become a nuisance? All these, from Su Zhe to Su Shi, Sima Guang, Han Qi and so on, have raised objections. Unfortunately, Wang Anshi lacked the style of brainstorming and making suggestions, and failed to make necessary adjustments, supplements and improvements to the implementation of the Young Crops Law. Wang Anshi did not listen to different opinions. At his insistence, the disadvantages of the new law became more and more obvious, and finally he failed. In view of this, it is not appropriate to define the dissidents in Wang Anshi's political reform simply by reform and conservatism. Peng Yannian, like many opponents of the new law, once said that "the system of our ancestors has never been lightly changed", which was sincere and inspired by the gods. As soon as he arrived in Chaozhou, the farmers complained that they were troubled by the young crops law. He said calmly, "Just look at what the people want, but don't force them to do it." He did not openly oppose the new law, but he made it clear that he respected public opinion and avoided the interference of the young crops law, which has highlighted its disadvantages. How sober and decent he is.
The authenticity of deeds needs to be verified urgently. But Peng Yannian's deeds, there is no record in the history books. The History of Song Dynasty compiled by Yuan people is voluminous and detailed, and almost all the characters have detailed records. But scholars searched the history of Song Dynasty, but there was no biography of Peng Yannian. This has to make people doubt: First, is there such a person in Peng Yannian? Secondly, if there is Peng Yannian, why not record this person who became the secretary of Dali Temple? The conclusion is that Peng Yannian, then the magistrate of Chaozhou, was not an official in the central government, and his vigorous deeds were basically made up by later generations.
First, there was no pirate invasion in the coastal areas of the Song Dynasty. On the contrary, pirates of the Ming Dynasty repeatedly invaded the southeast coast, causing untold suffering. This story should have been invented by the Ming literati, and the pirates transferred it to Peng Yannian.
Second, Yeluhongji was not the master of the Western Liao Dynasty, which was a branch of the Liao Dynasty. After being destroyed by Akuta Hong Yan, Yeluhongji fled to the western regions to rebuild the country. During the Northern Song Dynasty, the Liao Dynasty had not yet perished. Secondly, there is no such record in the history books, and this story is somewhat exaggerated.
Third, there was no record of British Sect in the Song Dynasty, but there was a record of British Sect in the Ming Dynasty. This plot should have been transplanted from the Ming Dynasty.
Later generations' comments: First, distinguish between right and wrong and enforce the law impartially.
Second, disaster relief promotes advantages and eliminates disadvantages, and returns to agriculture.
Third, cultivate martial arts to guard against the enemy and resist chaos.
In order to prolong the life span of the family, we should teach and warn the descendants of Gao. Born in the original, give me a copy. Although there are relatives from other places, they are not as good as people. Honor and disgrace are related, and interests are related. Patriarchal friendship is the most important, and wealth is the least important. Help each other in times of crisis, good and evil are right. Be kind to your father and filial to your son. A brother should love his brother and a brother should respect his brother. Scholars are industrious in agriculture, industry and commerce. The crown, wedding and funeral offerings must be carried out according to the ceremony, and the land should be celebrated. Teacher Long teaches children to obey the law and others push themselves. There is law in the boudoir, and friends and relatives have righteousness. Standing must be sincere and not hypocritical, and obedience must be kind and polite. Diligent housekeeping, modesty and honesty in the village. Don't covet H, don't indulge in gambling. Don't argue against vulgarity, don't drink too much and lose your virtue. Don't bully the poor with wealth, and don't be arrogant and mean. Don't bully the weak, don't bully the weak. Don't make mistakes below, and don't suppress the small with the big. Don't lose your sense of justice because you are angry, and don't listen to women and hurt your feelings. Don't donate a ghost because you lost a heart. Don't make an unclean trip to humiliate your ancestors. Don't do small favors, don't do small evils. Don't say ignorance, see the light. No one, no sound. According to my training, he is filial, and I will bless him. Those who violate my training are immoral and I will reply to them.
Patel's descendant, Jill's descendant, was born in Yuaner, and I have a copy. Although there are consorts, they are not as good as the people. Honor and disgrace are related, interests are related, and clan friendship is the most important. Money is light. Mutual help in crisis, good and evil. A father should be kind, a son should be filial, a brother should love his brother, and a brother should respect his brother, a man of agriculture, industry and commerce, be diligent, salute, respect the virtuous, be a teacher by example, be loyal to the public, be considerate of others, have a good family background, be loyal to relatives and friends, be sincere without being false at once, and be punctual without being lazy. Don't listen to a woman's words to hurt her feelings, don't lose her heart, but donate a ghost, don't go on unclean trips, don't humiliate her ancestors, don't do something good or do something bad. Don't be ignorant. Seeing the dawn doesn't mean that there is no one. I am silent. According to my training, it is filial piety, I bless, and those who violate my training are unfilial, I reply. Don't just repeat, be absolute, and your children and grandchildren will listen to the instructor. Remarks: This entry is quoted from Peng Yannian (written by Huang Zanfa) and has been abridged.