(ps: junior high school, high school, university, etc. Usually full-time)

Division of educational practice according to the characteristics of educational objects, tasks, contents and forms. There are three types of education: family education, school education and social education. Education can be divided into informal education, formal education and institutionalized education according to the different degree of regularization of education itself, that is, the different forms of education. Among them, informal education and formal education are collectively called non-institutionalized education.

Multiple Examinations of the Essence of Education

(1) Connotation: The so-called essence of education refers to the fundamental feature that education, as a social activity, is different from other social activities, that is, the question of "what is education". It reflects the inherent stipulation of educational activities, that is, the fundamental characteristics of educational activities.

(2) Four views on the essence of education: superstructure theory; Productivity theory; Special category theory; Multiple attribute theory.

(3) The fifth viewpoint about the essence of education, the theory of consciousness substitution;

In Tang Zhen's view, the essence of cultural education can be summarized as: teaching new individuals ways and means to deal with objects with the knowledge we have mastered about our objects and their relationships. It is a process in which one consciousness changes another consciousness. The collision, running-in, infiltration and change between consciousness is a process in which one consciousness covers or even destroys another consciousness, which may cause pain to individuals.

Because any two individuals face different objects, there will be differences or conflicts in the consciousness gained from different objects, and the recipients of cultural and educational activities will have certain exclusion. In the real society, in order to weaken the rejection psychology of the recipients, first of all, educational activities are mainly carried out between the young and the old.

Older people (or those who get knowledge first) generally live in the position of educators, while younger people (or those who get knowledge later) lack knowledge, like a whiteboard, so they are educated. The second is to induce through utilitarianism and other means. For example, in ancient times, there was a call for "learning to be an excellent official", and today there is a call for educational goals such as "knowledge is wealth", so that educational activities can be carried out normally.

On the substitution of consciousness, writer Sam Zhi said: We force children to memorize instead of imagination and creation, so we have more Yi Zhongtian and less Chen Jingrun, and even we can't pick a Chen Jingrun out of 10,000 Yi Zhongtian.

Cultural education changes the individual's choice direction by changing the individual's consciousness space. Through cultural education, human beings have increased the space of individual consciousness, thus finding a shortcut and teaching individuals the ways and means of choosing objects. The cultural achievements of human beings are attached to the individual's consciousness through educators, shaping new individuals and providing a perspective and microscope for the individual's future direction.

(4) Human education is social and purposeful, which is essentially different from animal instinct education. The essence of human education is a purposeful social activity to cultivate people. Mainly manifested in the following three points. First, education is a unique social phenomenon of human beings. Second, education is to cultivate the educated consciously, purposefully and consciously. Thirdly, there is a relationship among educators, educatees and educational influence.