Incredibly, in the list of generals, General Zhang Zongxun, with profound qualifications and outstanding military achievements, was only awarded the rank of general, while Xu Guangda, a subordinate of General Zhang Zongxun, was unexpectedly awarded the rank of general.
Admittedly, Zhang Zongxun is Xu Guangda's superior. 1In July, 947, the Northwest Field Army was formally established on the basis of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Suiyuan Joint Defense Army led by He Long. The commander is Mr. Peng, commander of Yokota, and the deputy commander is Zhang Zongxun. Xu Guangda did not become the leader of the field department, but the commander of the third column under the Northwest Field Army. It is not difficult to see that General Zhang Zongxun was a veritable superior of Xu Guangda during the War of Liberation. The column commander became a general, and the deputy commander of the field department was just a general. What is the specific reason?
When a friend saw this, he couldn't help thinking that General Zhang Zongxun had suffered a great defeat in the battle of Jining in Datong, and thought that it was because of this battle that he was relegated to the first place in the final prize.
Is that really the case? What's the secret behind this?
Zhang Zongxun, 1908, was born in a rich peasant family in Weinan, Shaanxi. Although my father made a living by farming, after several generations of accumulation, Zhang Zongxun's family also had a certain amount of land, and their life was fairly moist. Therefore, Zhang Zongxun got a better education in his childhood.
In the 1920s, communism spread rapidly in primary and secondary schools, and it was at this time that Zhang Zongxun came into contact with communism. Soon, Zhang Zongxun took part in the patriotic movement of local students, then abandoned Wen to join the army and joined our party in the same year.
At that time, among the students in Huangpu Military Academy, many students existed as dual party member. 1926, Chiang Kai-shek concocted the Zhongshan warship incident in order to fully control the control of 1 army. Afterwards, many people with lofty ideals in our party were forced to withdraw from the national army, and it was at this time that Zhang Zongxun made his identity public.
After graduating from Whampoa Military Academy, Zhang Zongxun was assigned to the ninth regiment of the third division of the Eighth Army of the National Army as an instructor. 1927, Wang Jingwei betrayed Mr. Sun's legacy one after another. At this point, Zhang Zongxun controls a guard regiment. He originally wanted to take the Guard Corps to Nanchang Uprising, but he failed to do so for various practical reasons. In September of the same year, Zhang Zongxun took part in the autumn harvest uprising, and soon the troops were reorganized in Sanwan, and Zhang Zongxun took to Jinggangshan with the big shots.
After entering Jinggangshan, the situation is still not objective. In addition to Chiang Kai-shek's constant "repression", there are a large number of spies and traitors near Jinggangshan. In order to ensure the safety of the great man, Zhang Zongxun offered to set up a guard platoon, and personally served as the platoon leader of the guard platoon, never leaving the great man's side for a moment.
During the whole Red Army period, Zhang Zongxun participated in four, three and five encirclement and suppression operations in which the Red Army crushed Chiang Kai-shek, and accumulated rich operational experience. After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Zhang Zongxun served as the brigade commander of the Eighth Route Army 120 Division 358, and went to the front line in northwest Shanxi to resist Japan and save the nation.
After the July 7th Incident broke out, Ping Jin area fell one after another. In order to quickly eliminate China's main force in North China, the Japanese army assembled heavy troops to capture Xinkou. At this time, in order to cooperate with the defense operation of the national army, the boss let Zhang Zongxun go deep into the Japanese enemy's rear to cut off the supply line behind the Japanese attack on the Xinkou.
After arriving in Yanmenguan area, Zhang Zongxun asked He's 7 16 regiment to lie in ambush on the only way for the Japanese army to go to Xinkou. When 50 trucks of Japanese relief materials entered the ambush circle, the 7 16 regiment gathered all grenades and threw them at the Japanese army. At that time, the flames were blazing, and all the soldiers of the 7 16 regiment rushed to the enemy and started hand-to-hand combat with the Japanese army. In this battle, our army killed more than 300 Japanese troops and destroyed more than 50 Japanese transport vehicles. After the victory of the battle, it was learned that Japanese reinforcements were coming from the direction of Yangmingbao, and the 7 16 regiment calmly withdrew from the battle.
Two days later, the battle of Xinkou entered a white-hot stage, and the Japanese transport vehicle once again transported materials from Yanmenguan to Xinkou. In the eyes of the Japanese army, our army is not a regular army and should have run away by now. To their surprise, Zhang Zongxun killed a carbine and returned to the last ambush site before the Japanese arrived. In this battle, although the Japanese army sent eight fighter planes to bomb our ambush site, our army relied on favorable terrain to defeat the Japanese army again with heavy artillery fire, annihilated more than 200 Japanese troops again and destroyed more than 30 Japanese transport vehicles.
In just three days, Zhang Zongxun caused more than 500 casualties to the Japanese army through guerrilla tactics, and destroyed dozens of Japanese transport vehicles, making it impossible for the Japanese rear supplies to be transported to the front line. The Japanese offensive against Xinkou was immediately frustrated, effectively cooperating with the front battlefield of the national army.
The good news of victory greatly encouraged the soldiers at the front. The Eighth Route Army Headquarters commended the Zhang Zongxun Department, and even Chiang Kai-shek gave Zhu Xian a commendation order.
1938, Zhang Zongxun led his troops to the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Region and stationed in Wutai County, Shanxi Province, looking for opportunities to destroy the enemy. When it was learned that a wing of the Japanese 109 Division had attacked Wutai, the superior ordered Zhang Zongxun to lead his troops to destroy this Japanese army.
After receiving the order, Zhang Zongxun was different from the previous ambush. This time, Zhang Zongxun incorporated the tactics of mobile warfare on the basis of ambush warfare. On the one hand, Zhang Zongxun let the 7 16 regiment ambush in talc area in advance, on the other hand, let the 7 14 regiment organize defensive positions in front, calmly retreat and lead the enemy into the encirclement, and finally annihilate more than 700 Japanese troops.
In later War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Zhang Zongxun did the same. Every time he fought against Japan, he tried every means to turn the battle into a war of annihilation and tried not to give a Japanese soldier a chance to live. This way of fighting enabled him to win many outstanding achievements in the anti-Japanese battlefield in northwest Shanxi.
For example, in the Hundred Regiments War of 1940, Zhang Zongxun did not choose to fight the Japanese army head-on in the face of its solid military stronghold. Instead, the troops were divided into several groups and sneaked into the enemy's hinterland by blitzkrieg and night attack. After the Japanese stronghold was blown into a sea of fire, he led the main force to attack the Japanese army and annihilated more than 700 Japanese people in one fell swoop.
Unlike some cautious generals, Zhang Zongxun looked for elite Japanese soldiers when he fought against Japan. Because in his view, the more you fight the elite Japanese army, the more you can seize some well-equipped weapons. Because of this, Zhang Zongxun always returned home with a full load after every battle, so he got the title of "Captured King".
Zhang Zongxun's outstanding performance in the anti-Japanese battlefield made the Eighth Route Army 120 division commander congratulate the boss. He never praised Zhang Zongxun again, and even called him the first valiant soldier of the Eighth Route Army. Even great people have seen Zhang Zongxun after a long separation and said with emotion, "You are now the head of a thousand armies. I want to invite you to dinner and congratulate you. "
After the outbreak of the war of liberation, Zhang Zongxun wanted to continue to exert his military talents, but the defeat in the battle of Jining in Datong completely pulled him off the altar.
1June, 946, Chiang Kai-shek launched an all-out attack on our liberated areas with the support of the US military. Zhangjiakou was once in an unfavorable situation where Chiang Kai-shek was sandwiched between East and West. In order to realize the integration of Shanxi-Suiyuan and Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei base areas, the Military Commission appointed Zhang Zongxun as commander-in-chief, unified command of the main forces of the two major war zones, and launched the Jining campaign in Datong.
It went well at first, and all the strongholds outside Datong were occupied by our army one by one. However, just as our army was preparing to win at one fell swoop, Fu Group in North China suddenly stormed Jining and came to our army to encircle Wei and save Zhao. Fu's abacus is played like this. Jining is the place where our army will be saved. As long as Zhang Zongxun led the troops to relieve Ning, the siege of Datong would be solved naturally.
At that time, our army had great advantages in strength. For Fu's siege of Jining, Zhang Zongxun chose to break Fu's siege by siege to save Zhao, so Zhang Zongxun split his troops in two, while continuing to storm Datong and sending troops back to Relief Ning.
Zhang Zongxun's move soon achieved results, successfully stopped Fu at the gates of Jining, and the balance of victory began to tilt towards our army. If our army continues to storm Fu at this time and then cooperates with the defenders in Jining, we can wipe out the invading Fu Department.
At this moment, however, Zhang Zongxun felt that our army suffered too many casualties and it was necessary for the army to take a day off. It was because of this negligence that Fu got a big breathing space. At this time, the enemy reinforcements 10 1 division arrived at this time, and our army began to be defeated across the board, and Jining became a city. After the fall of Jining, the enemy's rescue continued to reinforce Datong, and our army finally had to give up Datong.
Afterwards, the great man commented on Zhang Zongxun: "It is not bad when it is bad."
However, is it really because of this reason that Zhang Zongxun finally missed the general? I think the answer is not necessarily. Winning or losing is a common occurrence in military strategists. There is no ever-victorious general in this world. Even if it is better than General S and General Su, there are times when it is defeated. For example, General S made great mistakes in Siping Campaign and Qingshuping Campaign. General Su also suffered heavy losses in the battles of Huaiyin, Lianshui and Nanma, but this did not affect the final outcome of the two men.
What's more, in the original overall candidate scheme, the total number of candidates was 15, and Zhang Zongxun was ranked at 10, which was one of the proper overall candidates. On the other hand, Xu Guangda, who was later elected as a general, ranked 12 in the original list of generals. So what was the specific reason that led to Zhang Zongxun finally becoming a general? In fact, this is mainly to achieve a balance in all aspects.
Both Zhang Zongxun and Xu Guangda belong to the First Field Army. Compared with other major field armies, the size of the First Field Army is the smallest. The number of generals is only 10, and there are millions of heroes in the four fields, occupying the position of three generals. So in proportion, Ye Yi can only be assigned to one place in the end.
Chief Executive He, who was born in the 26th Red Army Corps. Zhang Zongxun and Chief Executive He are representatives of the 26th Red Army Corps, and a marshal was born in the 26th Red Army Corps. On the other hand, Sun Deqing and Duan Dechang of the Red Army, as important hills in the early days, both died in their early years, and Xu Guangda became the only representative of the Red Army. Therefore, in order to ensure the balance of the armies, it is more appropriate to award the rank of General Xu Guangda, which is why Zhang Zongxun is the superior of Xu Guangda and his rank is lower than that of Xu Guangda.
Zhang Zongxun understands the important principle thoroughly, and after passing the rank of general, he never complained again. After the founding of New China, General Zhang Zongxun successively served as Deputy Chief of Staff and Minister of General Logistics Department, and continued to shine for the construction of new China.
1September 1998 14, General Zhang Zongxun died in Beijing at the age of 9 1 year, completing his selfless dedication to the cause of the Party.