According to the characteristics of teenagers' activities, encourage them to participate in various activities and form the ability of criticism, comparison and design. Yi Hui Ho, a Hong Kong media educator, said that from the contact, it can be found that teenagers' discriminating ability is not weak, but this is because the school or parents did not provide them with proper discussion space, so that they could not get inspiration from teachers and learn the basic judgment ability of things. Social current events presented by the media every day are very important educational materials. Teachers should seize the opportunity to encourage and guide young people to discuss, inspire young people to think critically and help them establish correct values. Ian Weber, a Singaporean scholar, believes that "digital life in the 2 1 century revolves around four key goals", namely, "making cultural products easy to understand", "making critical thinking visible", "learning through mutual cooperation" and "cultivating the ability of self-management and self-decision". This is also the core of what he called "digital literacy". He pointed out: "The revolution of teenagers is reflected in the process of defending their rights-they question the tradition and then create a new form of practical culture and adapt to this new form." The methods of digital literacy education he proposed are: "learning" (through investigation and discussion), "advocacy" (team, creating a sense of urgency to cultivate digital literacy), "concern" (making communities, teachers and parents pay attention) and "activation" (flexible use of forms and methods). These methods are also worth learning from when digital media literacy education in China has not yet developed.
We must realize that youth subculture is the main trend of consumption. Because of the objective existence of youth subculture, containment and restriction are not desirable, but should be guided to actively occupy the new media field with rich and vivid cultural products and entertainment forms. Giving up the field of new media means giving up traditional values. Therefore, in view of the current popular trend of digital media, it is a beneficial method to make cultural products in line with teenagers' psychology and tastes in time and organically combine traditional educational content with digital media. At the same time, we should not simply deny its value, but calmly analyze it, affirm its positive factors in the spirit of questioning and rebellion, affirm its innovative value in form, and give reasonable guidance to reveal its shortcomings and recognize its right and wrong. British scholar Sugerman pointed out: "Youth subculture is the new opium for the vast number of young people". It is misleading to make teenagers realize that media consumption contains some kind of "new opium". It is emphasized that although there are some special cases, formative education is still the main way for most people to become talents, thus liberating teenagers from the blind worship of digital elites. On the other hand, the problem of exam-oriented education in primary and secondary schools in China is still very serious. It is the most direct and effective way to free teenagers from the heavy pressure of learning and not regard learning as a fear, which is also to prevent teenagers from taking online media virtual community as their only spiritual home.
As far as the subculture behavior accepted by the youth media is concerned, the first thing we should do is to let the youth learn to control their own behavior, such as making clear the purpose of using the media, understanding the influence of the media on their daily lives, reasonably arranging the time of using the media and knowing how to use the media constructively to develop themselves. The second is to let them know about the operation of the media, such as the production process of TV programs, and the responsibilities of screenwriters, directors and actors in TV programs; Thirdly, we should distinguish the nature of different media content, such as adopting different interpretation methods for news, entertainment, TV dramas and advertisements on TV. The fourth is to observe the influence of the media industry on society, such as how network language enters our daily life and how virtual reality changes our behavior.
In addition, media literacy education in youth subculture needs the cooperation of all walks of life. The most urgent thing is to emphasize the self-discipline of the media. In the era of market economy, media ethics is facing challenges in market competition. Overcatering to the needs of youth subculture and exaggerating subculture for the sake of ratings, circulation and click-through rate has objectively contributed to the prevalence of youth subculture and objectively caused difficulties in media literacy education. Because the youth subculture is a culture created by teenagers after all, and because their body and mind are still developing, especially their outlook on life, world outlook and values are in an unformed stage, it is inevitable that they still have some vague understanding of the youth subculture, and the vague consciousness in values and world outlook may produce some wrong orientations. The self-discipline of the media is responsible to the society. The whole society will supervise the media and emphasize the social responsibility of the media to teenagers, which is conducive to fundamentally creating a positive and healthy environment, because teenagers are in an immature state of mind after all.
At the same time, strengthen the communication channels of traditional classic culture, and emphasize that the teaching of mainstream traditions and health values is accompanied by the whole process of mental perfection. Some researchers have investigated teenagers in Beijing and other places, and found that some popular culture things have actually been placed in the classic position, which shows that there are few introductions to traditional classic culture in our basic education, so that teenagers have a vague understanding. If cultural and educational workers come to do some useful work in the dissemination of traditional classic culture, teenagers will not easily go to extremes in the use of media.
Youth subculture is the earliest product of class and racial differences. Since the end of the 20th century, with the combination of youth culture and new media such as the Internet, youth subculture has emerged in the use of media. Today, with the prevalence of this culture, the traditional media literacy education methods will inevitably encounter challenges. However, we can also learn from history. In the middle and early 20th century, although the rebellious spirit of youth subculture created the decadent lifestyle of western youth, that kind of bohemian youth subculture once caused various juvenile crimes in western countries, such as drug abuse and robbery, but it also created expressionism, left bank art, avant-garde, beat generation literature, rock music and other cultural and artistic forms. This shows that the youth subculture has a guiding side. As long as we guide it properly and give full play to its positive side, it will develop in a healthy and positive direction. Under the background of the development of new media, it is necessary to carry out media literacy education according to the characteristics of teenagers, actively guide them to use media correctly and treat media culture correctly. This can not only improve teenagers' media skills, but also make them mature when using media, which is conducive to the all-round and healthy development of the whole person. Only in this way can the media literacy education of teenagers really achieve results.