Northeast fine-wool sheep have strong physique and well-proportioned structure. The ram weighs about 100kg and the ewe weighs about 5 1kg. Ram has spiral angle, ewe has no spiral angle, ram neck has 1 ~ 2 transverse folds, ewe has developed longitudinal folds. The coat is thick and bent normally. Northeast fine-wool sheep originated in the northeast, which is a fine-wool sheep variety with both meat and wool. 1967 is made by crossbreeding Lambly sheep with Mongolian sheep, and the crossbreeding offspring will be propagated in a fixed way, and the former Soviet merino sheep, Caucasian sheep, Ascani Asian sheep, Stav sheep and Xinjiang fine-wool sheep will be introduced for improvement and crossbreeding. Northeast fine-wool sheep has stable heredity and remarkable cross improvement effect, which has been extended to all parts of the north.
Xinjiang fine-wool sheep with both wool and meat is called Xinjiang fine-wool sheep for short. Larger, the ram weighs 85 ~ 100 kg, and the ewe weighs 47 ~ 55 kg. Most rams have a large spiral angle, a slightly convex nose and 1 ~ 2 complete or incomplete transverse folds in the neck. The ewe has no horns, a straight nose, and 1 transverse folds or developed longitudinal folds on its neck. The chest is wide and deep, the back and waist are straight, the body is long and deep without wrinkles, the hindquarters are plump and the limbs are straight. This coat is white. This breed originated from Gongnaisi Breeding Farm in Yili, Xinjiang, and was the first fine-wool sheep breed bred in China in 1954. It is a hybrid of Caucasian fine-wool ram and Kazakh ewe, and Polekos ram and Mongolian ewe. This variety is suitable for breeding in dry and cold plateau areas, and has the characteristics of good feed intake, strong vitality and roughage tolerance, and has been popularized throughout the country.
Gansu alpine fine-wool sheep, also known as Gansu fine-wool sheep, is strong and symmetrical. The ram weighs 70 ~ 85 kg, and the ewe weighs 36.3 ~ 43.8 kg. Rams have big spiral horns, while ewes have no horns. There are 1 ~ 2 transverse folds in the neck of ram and longitudinal folds in ewe. This coat is pure white. Strong limbs. It is mainly distributed in the alpine grassland at an altitude of 2600 ~ 3500 meters in Qilian Mountain, Gansu Province. It is a fine-wool sheep, which has both wool and meat. It is the first plateau fine-wool sheep breed in China in the early 1980s, which was bred by the composite crossing of Mongolian sheep, Tibetan sheep, Mongolian-Tibetan mixed-race sheep, Xinjiang sheep and Caucasian sheep. This breed has the characteristics of adaptability to alpine mountain conditions, wide tolerance and strong vitality, and can be used to improve plateau sheep.
Inner Mongolia fine-wool sheep, also known as Inner Mongolia fine-wool sheep, has strong constitution and well-proportioned structure. The ram weighs about 82 kilograms and the ewe weighs about 46 kilograms. Ram has spiral angle and 1 ~ 2 complete or incomplete folds in its neck; The ewe has no horns or small horns, and the neck has wrinkles on the skirt. The head size is moderate, the back and waist are straight, the chest is wide and deep, and the body is long. The coat is well closed, the head hair is attached to the line between the eyes or slightly below, the forelimb is attached to the wrist joint, and the hind limb is attached to the hock joint.
Aohan fine-wool sheep is 67 ~ 79 cm tall, 69 ~ 8 1 cm long and 50 ~ 9 1 kg in weight. The coat is white and uniform. Most sheep have longitudinal wrinkles on their necks, and a few sheep have horizontal wrinkles on their necks. Rams are larger, with slightly raised noses and mostly with spiral horns. Ewes generally have no horns, or have undeveloped small horns. Aohan fine wool sheep are mainly distributed in Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia. It is a new breed which is crossed by Mongolian sheep, Caucasian fine-wool sheep and Staff fine-wool sheep 1982. Aohan fine-wool sheep has the characteristics of strong adaptability and strong disease resistance, and is suitable for raising in arid desert areas. It is an excellent fine-wool sheep variety with both wool and meat.
Sheepskin sheep
The fur peeled off from a lamb that has been aborted or born within 1 week is called lamb skin. Sheep that specialize in producing lambskin are called lambskin sheep. Its main breeds are Hu sheep in Taihu Lake basin and Karakul sheep in three northern regions (northwest, north and northeast). The fur stripped from birth 1 month to adulthood is called fur. It can be divided into two kinds of fur, big fur and old sheepskin. Ermao refers to the hair stripped from sheep about 35 days after birth; Heavy hair refers to sheepskin peeled from sheep that have not been sheared for more than 6 months; Old sheepskin refers to the sheepskin stripped from sheared sheep over 1 year old. Sheep specializing in fur production are called fur sheep, and the main varieties are China Ningxia Tan sheep, Gansu Woxian black fur sheep, Qinghai Guide black fur sheep, Shandong Sishui sheep, Russian romanov sheep and so on.
The weight of Hu sheep ram is 40 ~ 50kg, and that of ewe is 3 1 ~ 47kg. Slaughtering rate is 46%. Cut twice a year, the cutting amount is 1.2 ~ 2 kg, and the hair length is 5 ~ 7 cm. Sexually mature at 4 ~ 5 months, and suitable for first mating at 6 ~ 10 months. Estrus occurs in four seasons, but mostly in April-June and 9-165438+1October. Give birth to 2 babies every year, and each baby gives birth to 2 ~ 3 babies. The annual lamb yield is 23.4%.
Hu sheep are mainly distributed in Taihu Lake basin and its adjacent areas in Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Shanghai. They can adapt to the high temperature and high humidity natural environment, and have the characteristics of fast growth, early maturity, strong reproduction and excellent lamb skin quality. It is a lamb breed unique to China and a rare white lamb breed in the world. Their 3-day-old lambskin enjoys a high reputation in the international market. The lamb skin of Hu sheep is characterized by light and soft leather, no hairiness, and the pattern is close to the skin, just like running water, which can be dyed into various gorgeous colors. It is a rare commodity in the market.
The ram of Karakul sheep weighs about 60 kilograms and the ewe weighs about 45 kilograms. The hair of newborn lambs is black, which turns brown after weaning, white when 1.5 ~ 2 years old, and then gray. The lambing rate is 105% ~ 1 10%. The slaughter rate is about 50%.
Karakul sheep originated in Russia. After the introduction of China, the production performance has been further improved and it has new characteristics, so it is also called China Karakul sheep. Because it is mainly raised in northwest, north China and northeast China, it is also called Sanbei sheep. Karakul 1-3-day-old lamb skin, also known as Persian lamb skin, has a unique curly type and various natural colors, with solid curly hair and pleasant luster, and enjoys a high reputation in the international market.