Li Shutong (1880- 1942), also known as Li Xishuang and Ang Lee, was originally named with broad scientific name and double characters. Li Shutong is a famous musician, art educator, calligrapher and drama activist, and one of the pioneers of China drama. After returning from studying in Japan, he worked as a music and art teacher in 19 13, and was employed as a teacher in Zhejiang two-level normal school (later changed to Zhejiang First Normal School). 19 15, worked as a music and painting teacher at Nanjing Normal University and wrote the first school song in the history of Nanjing University. 1880 (Chen Geng in the 6th year of Guangxu) 10 On October 23rd (September 20th of the lunar calendar), Li Shutong was born in Lizhai, the former residence of Dizang in Hebei District, Tianjin. Zu, ancestral home in Pinghu, Zhejiang, ancestral home in Tianjin, engaged in salt industry and money and grain industry. Father Li Shizhen, whose real name is Shinohara Building, was a scholar in Tongzhi of Qing Dynasty for four years. He was in charge of the official department, and later resigned to follow in his father's footsteps and became a rich man in Guinness. Ranked third, the teenager's name became Xiao Lu, the scientific name was Wen Tao, and the word Shu Tong. Li Shutong was influenced by Buddhism when he was young. It is said that on the day of his birth, a magpie with a pine branch in its mouth was sent to the delivery room, and everyone thought it was the blessing of the Buddha. Later, Li Shutong took this pine branch with him all his life. His parents are convinced of Buddhism, and his aunt (Li Shizhen's aunt) Guo is also a devout Buddhist. Tong Shu learned to recite the curse of mercy and death from her. His eldest sister-in-law believes in Buddhism and teaches him to recite scriptures. When my uncle was a child, he often studied the monk's practice at home with his third brother. "They both use quilts or bedspreads as robes and recite Buddha in the house or on the kang."

When Li Shutong was six or seven years old, he began to learn books and daily manners from his brother Wenxi, who is 0/2 years old. Wenxi is very strict with him, and he can't be careless with his homework every day, and he can't be polite when dealing with advance and retreat. Such strict education from an early age will undoubtedly suppress his nature, but it will be of great benefit to him to develop serious habits. His future achievements are largely due to such good habits. 1884 (Shen Jia in the 10th year of Guangxu) Tianjin is 5 years old. On the 8th, my father died at the age of 72, and my uncle and mother were even more embarrassed in the Li family. Growing up in such an environment, Li Shutong inevitably felt inferior when he was a child, and his taciturn character was thus formed. 1895, 16-year-old Li Shutong was admitted to Fu Jen College next to Wenchang Palace in the northwest of the city, and studied the Yi system (eight-part essay). Fu Jen College, like the other two colleges in Tianjin at that time (Sanqu College and Jinwen College), is not much different from the official college, and it focuses on taking exams rather than giving lectures. Take the exam twice a month (the second day and the sixteenth day), once for the examiner class and once for the teacher class. Teaching questions, marking papers, evaluating grades, etc. in official courses and lectures. And give bonuses to urge students to study. Before entering the Academy, Li Shutong had read classics and poems and had a solid learning foundation. Besides, he was smart since he was a child. Every time he takes an exam, he only feels that he has endless thoughts. According to the format, the article should be written word for word in the grid, and the paper issued by the teacher has a certain * * *. Tong Shu changed the word "book" into a box of papers every time he felt that his paper was still unfinished and long, and won the reputation of "Li Shuangxing".

His articles are often among the best and win prizes. [3] 1896 (22nd year of Guangxu in Shen Bing) 17 Tang Jingyan was the official seal officer of Zhong Ding. In autumn, he studied poetry from Zhao, a famous scholar in Tianjin, and also studied Ci Fu and stereotyped writing. I like reading the poems of Tang and Five Dynasties, especially those of Wang Wei. He also learned seal script and seal script management from Tang Jingyan, a famous calligrapher in Jinmen, and made friends with his contemporaries in Jinmen. 1897 (the 23rd year of Ding Youguang) 18 married the daughter of a tea merchant. Brother Wenxi allocated 300,000 yuan from his family property to his uncle's family, which was a huge sum at that time. He bought an expensive piano and began to learn music and composition. At that time, Kang Youwei, Liang Qichao and others presided over the Reform and Reform. Li Shutong always cares about state affairs and looks forward to the future. He is very tired of the old system. He was very excited about this change, actively advocated new ideas, and engraved the seal of "Nanhai Kangliang as my teacher" to show his support for the political reform. Unexpectedly, after the coup in 1898, six gentlemen were martyred, and Kang and Liang fled overseas. The reform movement ended in failure. It is said that he is a member of Kang and Liang. In order to avoid disaster, he moved to Shanghai with his mother and wife, rented a house in the French leasing industry and settled down. Because his family has a bank in Shanghai, as a small owner, he can withdraw his living expenses at will, and he is quite rich. As a rich boy, he associates with celebrities in Shanghai. /kloc-joined the "Chengnan Literature Society" in October, and once ranked first in the monthly meeting of the Literature Society with a poem about Song Yu. 1906 (in the third year of Guangxu's thirty-second year) In the first month of 27 years old, I edited Yin Le Xiao Magazine in Tokyo.

On the 7th, Shouyi participated in the elegant collection of "Singing with Gulls" organized by Japanese celebrities for the first time in Tokyo in the name of "Li Ai". Registered in the name of 1906, admitted to the oil painting department of Tokyo Fine Arts School. Together with his classmate Zeng Yannian (Xiao Gu Shi), he organized the first drama group in China, Spring Willow Club, and performed such plays as La Traviata, Black Slave's Call to Heaven and New Butterfly Dream. Li Shutong is one of the founders of China drama movement. The acting skills of the new drama were learned from Otojiro in Kawakami and Zhanjiro in Zaoze, and the stage name was "Xishuang". When I returned to Tianjin that year, I remembered my feelings with the word "light a fire". 1907 (thirty-three years of Guangxu in Ding Wei) 28 flower girl and Li Shutong played La Traviata. This is the first step of China's drama practice. In July, "The Record of the Black Slave Calling Heaven" will be staged again, and the wife of American gentleman Xie will make a guest appearance as a cripple and drunk. During my stay in Japan, I fell in love with an art model (whose name is unknown) and returned to China with him. 1908 (May 34th year of Guangxu) retired from Liu Chun society at the age of 29 and devoted himself to painting and music. 19 10 Li Shutong returned to China as the chief teacher of the graphic department of Tianjin Beiyang Institute of Technology. The following year, she was hired as a music teacher in Shanghai Chengdong Girls' School, and in the spring of 32 years (19 1 year), she created a graduation self-portrait. In March, he graduated from Tokyo Fine Arts School and returned to Shanghai with his Japanese wife to work as a painting teacher in Zhili Higher Technical School. In the same year, the family fortune fell. [5] 19 12 (the first year of the Republic of China) 33 The headmaster of Chengdong Girls' School teaches literature and music. That year, he joined the "South Society" and was hired as the lead writer of the Pacific Daily, editing advertisements and literary supplements.

Together with Liu Yazi, he founded the Mei Wen Association and edited Mei Wen magazine. In autumn, the Pacific newspaper stopped publishing. At the invitation of Jing Hengyi, he made a brief introduction to Li Shutong, Hangzhou, and worked as a music and painting teacher in Zhejiang two-level normal schools. 19 13 (in the second year of the Republic of China), the 34-year-old Zhejiang two-level normal school was renamed as the first normal school in Zhejiang Province. In May, the Alumni Association issued the first cover of Poplar Magazine, and all the words were written by Li Shutong himself. 19 14 (three years of Jiayin) was 35 years old. 1998 joined Xiling printing society and had contacts with Wu Changshuo, a great calligrapher and painter of epigraphy. After class, * * *' s friends organized a "Xerox Club" to study and create epigraphy. 19 15 (four years of the Republic of China) At the age of 36, he was hired by Jiang Qian, president of Nanjing Normal University, as a teacher of Tule. On holidays, he advocated the establishment of a stone calligraphy and painting "Ningshe", and used Buddhist temples to display ancient books, calligraphy and paintings, and inscriptions. Twenty-four years later, Master Jiang Qian, president of Nanjing Normal University, wrote a poem on Saturday: "A brief introduction to Li Shutong in Jiming Mountain Reading Hall, which has been forgotten for 20 years. Ningshe tasted the taste of vegetables and bamboo shoots, and she had won the Buddha's light that year. " That summer, I went to Japan for the summer. Return to China in September. In autumn, he wrote poems such as Early Autumn, Sad Autumn and Farewell. 19 16 (the fifth year of the Republic of Chen Bing) At the age of 37, a Japanese magazine introduced the method of "fasting" to cultivate body and mind, so he founded a temple and tried to fast for 17 days. The fasting diary has a detailed record. Lyrics written before entering the mountain 19 18 (in the seventh year of the Republic of China). At the age of 39, I celebrated the Spring Festival and worshipped the monks as disciples at home. He was named Hongyi.

On the 13th day of the seventh lunar month, Hu Ran went to Dinghui Temple to become a monk. Before becoming a monk, he gave his seal to Xiling Press. Ye Weiming, one of the founders of this society, has the title of "seal collection" 1939 (28 years of the Republic of China). In June, Macao's Jueyin Monthly and Social Education's Buddhism Semimonthly both published special issues to commemorate Hony's sixth rank. At the end of autumn, he wrote an inscription and postscript for "Continuing Nursing Students". 1940 (29 years of the Republic of Chen Geng) 6 1 year-old spring, Guan to Pengshan, Yongchun, thanked all the contacts and devoted himself to writing. June 5438+10, please go to Ling Ying Temple in Nan 'an to preach the Dharma. 194 1 year (thirty years of the new four republics) 62 1942 (thirty-one years of the Renwu Republic) 63 Hongyi put forward three covenants: one not to welcome, two not to send, and three not to invite fasting. In March, he returned to Kaiyuan Temple in Quanzhou and then lived in Wenling Nursing Home. In July, he taught the performers to shave in the Flower Pavilion in Zhuzi. In August, he held a lecture on "Eight Men Feeling Classics" at Kaiyuan Temple. 10 in the afternoon, the body was hot and gradually developed minor illnesses. In the afternoon 10 10, write down "Sorrow and Joy" and give it to Master Miaolian. 65438+1October 13: 45, short of breath, died peacefully at 8: 00, and died in Wenling, Buerci, Quanzhou. He is not afraid of difficulties, studies deeply, concentrates on his subjects, writes books, and practices. He is a respected master of legalism in modern Buddhism and a famous monk in Buddhism at home and abroad. In the history of cultural development in China for nearly a hundred years, Hony Master Li Shutong is recognized as a generalist and a wizard in academic circles. As a pioneer of the New Culture Movement in China, he first introduced western oil painting, piano and drama to China, and was famous for his good calligraphy, poetry, general painting, temperament, refined epigraphy and performing arts.

Monks in China and Master Hongyi are well-known in the secular world. They are all involved in the field of modern literature and art. Poetry, rhyme, stone carving calligraphy, Danqing literature and drama have long been famous. However, after he converted to Buddhism, he washed away all the lead and became a generation of Buddhist masters admired by the world. He was regarded as the 11th ancestor of Legalism by Buddhist disciples. His legendary life has contributed thirteen firsts to China's modern culture, art, education, religion and other fields, and he is an outstanding literary pioneer. His patriotic ambition and righteous deeds ran through his life. Li Shutong is the pioneer of China drama movement and the founder of China drama. He is the main member of the first drama group "Spring Willow Society" in China. 1907 (thirty-three years of Guangxu reign in Qing dynasty) La Traviata was the first drama staged by China people, with Li Shutong as the heroine Margaret. Later, he starred in the one-act drama Living in Compassion, The Painter and His Sister, and the drama The Black Slave's Call to Heaven based on the novel Uncle Tom's Cabin. Li Shutong's performance had a great response in the society. Although Li Shutong's drama activities are like stars, they light up the road of China's drama development and open the curtain of China's drama. Especially in scenery design, makeup, clothing, props, lighting and many other artistic aspects. , played an enlightening role. In music, Li Shutong is a great lyricist and composer, and the first person in China who has achieved fruitful results and far-reaching influence in music and song creation. Li Shutong, the originator of China oil painting, was the first person to introduce western painting knowledge to China, and also the first person to hire nude models to teach.

Together with educator and writer Xia Mianzun, he edited a collection of woodcut prints. He is the earliest creator and advocate of modern printmaking in China. He widely introduced western art schools and artistic ideas, and organized the Western Painting Research Association. His works, such as History of Western Art, Introduction to European Literature, and Usage of Plaster Statue, all started the study of Chinese people in the same period. He spared no effort to introduce the history of western art development and representative painters in school art class, which made China artists fully and systematically understand the grand view of world art for the first time. As an art educator, he taught in Zhejiang First Normal University with modern educational methods, and trained a number of famous painters and musicians such as Feng Zikai, Pan Tianshou, Liu Zhiping and Wu Mengfei. 10 Li Shutong's calligraphy achievements have attracted worldwide attention. His early calligraphy was born in Wei Bei, and his brushwork was open and clever. Later, it became a school of its own, diluting the wilderness and being gentle and clear. Especially after becoming a monk, his works are full of extraordinary tranquility and cloud crane-like indifference. This is gorgeous and extremely plain, the tranquility after heroism and the childishness after aging, just as he himself confessed: "The words of rotten people are plain, quiet and easy to escape." Li Shutong is an enlightenment pioneer in the history of modern songs in China. Li Shutong, who accepted the European music culture, brought some ready-made European song tunes and wrote his own lyrics. These songs are widely circulated throughout the country. The tune has a strong foreign flavor, and the lyrics have a strong ancient poetic rhyme. This is the original song, and it also announces the arrival of a new era.

Li Shutong accomplished the historical mission of the enlightener with such songs. When the master was a layman, one of the "five friends at the end of the world" was Xu; One winter, heavy snow fell, and old Shanghai was desolate at that time; Xu stood outside the door and called to Miss Ye and said, "Uncle and brother, my family is bankrupt. 1 1 Let's meet again later. " Say that finish, crying goodbye, even didn't go to a friend's house. Li Shutong stood in the snow for a whole hour, watching the distant shadows of his former friends. Even Miss Ye repeatedly cried and didn't seem to hear it. Later, just visible back to the house, closed the door, and Miss Yuzryha played the piano. He wrote tearfully: "Outside the pavilion, beside the ancient road, the grass is green? When will you come? Don't hesitate when you come. Every time Li Shutong goes to Feng Zikai's house, he sits on a wooden rattan chair and always shakes it before getting off. Feng Zikai had a hard time asking questions at first, but when he saw that he had done so many times, he asked him why. Li Shutong replied that there might be bugs in this wooden rattan chair, so these little creatures shook and ran away, and sat down and didn't kill them. After Master Hongyi became a monk, Mr. Xu Beihong visited the master many times in the mountains. On one occasion, Mr. Xu Beihong suddenly found those branches on the mountain that had been dead for many years, and he was very puzzled. He said to the mage, "This tree sprouted because you, a monk, came to this mountain and touched the dead tree, and it came back to life. Master Hongyi said, "No, it's because I water it every day that it slowly wakes up." . "On another occasion, Mr. Xu Beihong visited Master Hony again. He saw a wild animal walking up and down in front of his master. He didn't mean to hurt others. Mr. Xu felt very strange and asked, "This beast is a beast on the mountain. Why not hurt people here? "mage 12 said," it was caught by others earlier, and I let it go, so it won't hurt me. Baidu search "love reading", professional information, life learning, all in the love reading network 92to.com, your online library.