Shang Yang (about 395-338 BC) was born in Dunqiu, Weiguo (now Liangzhuang Town, Neihuang County, Anyang City, Henan Province). Politicians, reformers, thinkers in the Warring States period, representatives of legalists, descendants of the king who defended the country.
Shang Yang assisted Qin Xiaogong and actively promoted political reform, making A Qin a rich and powerful country, which is known as Shang Yang's political reform in history. Politically, the household registration, titles, land system, administrative divisions, taxation, weights and measures, and folk customs of Qin State were reformed.
And promulgated strict laws; Economically, it advocates emphasizing agriculture and restraining business, and rewarding farming; Militarily, the land of Hexi was recovered and given to Shang in 15 city, which was called Shang Yang in history.
In 338 BC, after the death of Qin Xiaogong, Shang Yang was accused of rebellion by Gongzi Qian, and died in Tong Di. His body cracked and his whole family was killed.
Extended data:
The story behind Shang Yang's death:
Shang Jun's law is too unkind and ungrateful. It established Tongzhi Law and formulated strict laws, especially the military title system, which caused a lot of public grievances among the nobles of Qin State. Zhao Liang, king of Qin, advised Shang Jun to hold grudges too deeply.
Shang Yang didn't listen to "return to the fifteenth capital, lightly irrigate the garden" and "not greedy for business, rich in business, not used to the teaching of Qin State". One day in 339 BC, Zhao Liang went to see Shang Yang.
Shang Yang said to him, "At the beginning, the customs of Qin were the same as those of Rong Di. Father and son are not separated, and men, women and children live in the same room. Now I have changed the education of Qin, making them different from men and women and living in two places.
I recruited soldiers to build the palace gate and built the state of Qin like Lu Wei. You see, I govern the state of Qin. Who is more talented than the five great men Priscilla? "
Zhao Liang said: "As Qin Xiang, Wu Kui traveled all over the country without a car or an umbrella in the hot summer, without vehicles or armed defense. His fame will go down in history forever, and his virtues will be passed down to future generations ... You are also called a gentleman in the south of the fief.
Force the children of Qin nobles with new laws every day. The son of God has been at home for eight years. You killed Huan Zhu and hanged Gong Sun Jia. None of these things are popular.
As soon as I went out, dozens of chariots followed, all wearing armor and strong, armed with spears and halberds. Without these guards, you wouldn't dare to go out by yourself.
Your situation is like dew in the morning, which is in danger of dying out soon. Are you going to prolong your life? Then why not return the fief to the state of Qin, water the garden in a remote and desolate place and cultivate it by yourself?
Advise the king of Qin to reuse those talents who live in seclusion in the mountains, support the elderly and raise orphans, so that fathers and brothers can respect each other as guests; In order of merit, respect the virtuous and be safe.
You also want to covet the wealth of fiefs, take the administration of Qin State as your pet, and collect people's grievances. Once the king of Qin abandons his guest and cannot ascend to the throne, can there be fewer people in Qin who want to arrest you? You will die as fast as lifting your feet. "
However, Shang Yang did not listen to Zhao Liang's advice and went his own way. In 338 years ago, Qin Xiaogong was dying and wanted to spread it to Shang Yang, but Shang Yang refused to accept it. In the same year, Qin Xiaogong died, and his son King Huiwen acceded to the throne, namely King Qin Hui.
At this time, Shang Yang wanted to abdicate. Someone said to Qin: "A minister with high qualifications will endanger the country, and if he gets too close to people around him, he will be killed. Now the men, women and children of Qin only know Shang Yang's new law, but they don't know you.
Besides, you have a grudge against Shang Yang. I hope you can make a decision as soon as possible. "At this time, childe modest and others took the opportunity to report Shang Yang rebellion, Qin Huiwen sent someone to arrest Shang Yang. Shang Yang fled to the border.
If you want to stay in a guest house, the owner of the guest house doesn't know that he is a business gentleman. See he didn't bring documents, just tell him that "Shang Jun Law" (that is, the law of Shang Yang) stipulates that guests who stay overnight without documents will be punished by "sitting together".
Shang Yang lamented that "the new law has actually left this kind of harm", which is the origin of the idiom "Kill one's body and die". Shang Yang wanted to take refuge in Wei, but Wei refused him, because he broke Mo Wei treacherously and captured Gongzi Ang alive.
Helpless, Shang Yang sneaked back to his fief mall and immediately organized city soldiers to attack Zheng (now hua county, Shaanxi) in the north. The State of Qin sent troops to beg for help, and Shang Yang was defeated and killed in Mianchi (now Mianchi, Henan Province).
His body was transported back to Xianyang, Qin Huiwang ordered the punishment of "car crack" and Shang Yang's family was also killed. Although Shang Yang died, the new law he promoted has not been abolished, but has been affecting the state of Qin and even the later Qin Dynasty.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Shang Yang