Cao Xueqin (1724— 1764) was a novelist in Qing Dynasty. Word exhibition, Chinese characters,no. Xueqin,no. and piano score. His ancestral home is Feng Run, Hebei. In the early Qing Dynasty, he entered Zhengbai Banner in Manchuria. He was born in Nanjing.

Cao Xueqin lives in a big bureaucratic landlord family with a "century-old family". Starting from my grandfather and uncle, three generations of Jiangning weaving have been passed down for 60 years. Grandfather Cao Yin was Kangxi's "servant" and great-grandmother was Kangxi's wet nurse. The Cao family has a very close relationship with the royal family. As a teenager, he lived a luxurious life as a rich son. In the fifth year of Yongzheng (1727), his father Cao Fu was implicated and dismissed. Since then, the power and property of the family have been lost. His family moved from one place to another, and his life was extremely unstable. Sometimes he even has to rely on relatives and friends to make a living, and he is often discriminated against and humiliated. He experienced the vicissitudes of the poor from luxurious food to "porridge for the whole family", which made him feel personally about the decline of the feudal ruling class and have a comprehensive and profound understanding of the darkness and evil of society.

After fifteen years of Qianlong, he left Beijing and moved to the western suburbs. Cao Xueqin's life in his later years was even more bleak and miserable. "The whole family often eats porridge and drinks on credit." He is poor and has no medical care. In addition, his young son died, and his novel A Dream of Red Mansions was not finished, so he died, which left us with many regrets.

Cao Xueqin was influenced by literature and art from an early age. His grandfather, Cao Yingong, was a famous bibliophile at that time because of his poems and calligraphy. Influenced by his grandfather, Cao Xueqin is good at painting and has many artistic talents. After moving to the western suburbs of Beijing, under difficult circumstances, he "studied for ten years, added and deleted five times" and created the immortal realistic masterpiece A Dream of Red Mansions. There are 120 stories in this edition of A Dream of Red Mansions, and the last 40 stories are written by Gao E.

A Dream of Red Mansions takes the aristocratic feudal family life as the material, takes the love tragedy of Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu and the marriage tragedy of Jia Baoyu and Xue Baochai as the warp, and vertically analyzes the profound social roots that caused the tragedy. At the same time, taking the rise and fall of Jia Fu as a parallel, through the conflict between Jia, Shi, Wang, Xue and other defenders and rebels, the broad social life environment composed of many characters is horizontally displayed. This reveals all kinds of evils in feudal society and their insurmountable internal contradictions. It broadly and profoundly reflected the social reality of China at that time, strongly criticized the debauchery and corruption of feudal families, and showed the historical trend that feudal system was on the verge of collapse and inevitable demise.

Brief introduction of Cao Xueqin's life

In the second year of Yongzheng (Chen Jia 1724), he was born on April 26th.

In the third year of Yongzheng (Yisi 1725), on April 26th, Mangzhong ushered in its first birthday, so it was marked by Mangzhong.

In the sixth year of Yongzheng (Wu Shen 1728), his father Cao Fu was convicted of theft and returned to Beijing. Live in the mouth of garlic market.

In the first year of Qianlong (Chen Bing 1736), all kinds of "sinful money" were pardoned and the family recovered well-off. Thirteen years old (in the book, I will visit my mother on the Lantern Festival until New Year's Eve. Baoyu is thirteen, too. It happened on April 26, 2008, which happened to be the Ear and Seed Festival (the flower party in the book).

In the second year of Qianlong (D 4 1737), in the first month, Kangxi City fell. Chen is the biological mother of Wang Yinxi in the county (the "old princess" in the book has passed away).

After five years of Qianlong (1740), Hongxi, the eldest son of Yin Renliu, the Prince of Kangxi, tried to establish a court and stabbed Qianlong in the back without success. Qin Xue's family was dragged down again, and it was stolen, so the family broke up. Xueqin is poor and wandering. He used to be a writer in the internal affairs department.

In the 19th year of Qianlong (Jiaxu 1754), the final version of Re-evaluating the Stone Story in Red Flame Zhai was copied (unfinished).

Twenty years after Qianlong (Yihai 1755), the story of the stone continues.

In the twenty-first year of Qianlong (Bingzi 1756), the fat batch before the seventy-fifth session recorded: "In the twenty-first year of Qianlong, Bingzi was cleared on the seventh day of May. Lack of Mid-Autumn Poems, as soon as Xueqin. " For the progress of the manuscript at that time. Red inkstone was written by Tamanosuke.

In the 22nd year of Qianlong (Ding Chou 1757), my friend Duncheng wrote a poem in memory of Cao Xueqin. Looking back at the night talk of the right-wing religion, I advised not to be a rich foodie. "It is better to write a book in Huangye Village." At this point, Xueqin has gone to Xishan and left Liang's home in Dunhuibo (Shihu Hutong in Xicheng).

In the 23rd year of Qianlong (Wuyin 1758), his friend Dunmin naturally wrote poems from Xiacun to Guiwei and sang many poems about Xueqin.

In the 24th year of Qianlong (1759), there is a copy of Trade Fair and Stone Story, and the date of "Yan Zhi" has been recorded.

In the twenty-five years of Qianlong (Chen Geng 1760), Chen Geng Edition and The Story of the Stone were reviewed by Yan Zhai four times.

After twenty-six years of Qianlong (Xinsi 176 1), he returned to Jinling and Beijing. Every time a friend's poem says that "the old dream of Qinhuai still exists" and "the official is depressed and dreams of returning to his hometown", it implies the writing of A Dream of Red Mansions.

In the twenty-seventh year of Qianlong (Renwu 1762), Dunmin wrote "Wine Song with Knife", which recorded Qin Xue's drinking at home in late autumn. Fat criticism: "Chongyang in the afternoon" has the saying that "it is urgent to ask for books". No more comment on writing after Chongyang. When there is a story.

In the 28th year of Qianlong (Imperial concubine 1763), in late spring and February, Dunmin invited Xueqin to get together in early March (for Duncheng's birthday). Not yet. In autumn, I love my son with acne, and my sadness becomes ill. Fat criticism: "... Qin cried to death before the book was finished;" I cried for Xueqin, but my tears are still waiting to run out ... "It was recorded as the death of" Renwu Eve ",which was proved to be a mistake by textual research. He died at the age of forty.

In the 29th year of Qianlong (Shen Jia 1764), Duncheng wrote a poem: "Xiaofeng brushed an inscription yesterday" and "Forty years is too thin", all of which are historical evidences.