1. From the national level, spatial planning management must be subordinate to the whole macro-planning, including national economic planning and land use planning. The main responsibility of urban and rural planning department is the management of urban spatial form. In fact, the central government does not manage the spatial form of the whole country. Therefore, the higher the level, the less the functions and authorities of urban and rural planning departments.
2. From the local level, urban planning or rural planning is still a part of urban and rural construction. In fact, in the traditional system after 49 years, the local planning departments below the county level are still subordinate to the construction departments, and only after the large-scale urban expansion at the end of last century did they become independent. The status of local planning departments has been improved in recent ten years, so it is normal to set up a planning department under the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development at the national level.
Urban public transport system planning
1. Urban planning can have a significant impact on energy consumption through the establishment and utilization of public transport systems. From the perspective of system types and potential investors, this requires high energy efficiency (low or no emissions). Although the planning process cannot significantly affect this system, we can influence investment and potential cost efficiency through population distribution.
2. In the new development and construction, it is necessary to have as many passages as possible to facilitate residents to walk or ride to the traffic station nodes. A series of different systems may be needed to embed low-capacity systems into a larger urban transportation service area. Convenience is the essential requirement to encourage people to use public transportation, which means that the centralized development of existing and future traffic nodes requires convenient traffic transfer points and good connectivity with the surrounding development.
In view of this, measures should be taken to reduce the possibility of using private cars, such as establishing a central area open only to pedestrians, bicycles and public transportation, limiting the parking area of private cars and charging parking fees.
reference data
Urban Planning-Baidu Encyclopedia