Su Shi: (1037-110/) A writer and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty. Zi Zizhan, a famous Dongpo layman, was born in Meishan, Meizhou (now Sichuan). Su Xun. When Jia You Jinshi Zongshen was in power, he was the foreign minister of Zubu. Because of opposing Wang Anshi's new law and seeking a foreign post, he served as a judge in Hangzhou, knowing Mizhou, Xuzhou and Huzhou. Later, he was demoted to Huangzhou for writing a poem "slandering the imperial court". At that time, Zhezong was a bachelor of Hanlin, and once knew Hangzhou, Yingzhou and other places. , a former does history. Later, he was exiled to Huizhou and Danzhou. He died in Changzhou in the second year after returning to the North. Chasing Wen Zhong in Southern Song Dynasty. Being of the same clan as my father and brother, they are collectively called "Three Sows". Politically, it belongs to the old party, but it also has the requirements of reform shortcomings. Wang Yang is one of the "Eight Masters" in Tang and Song Dynasties. His articles are bold and fluent. His poems are fresh and vigorous, good at using exaggerated metaphors and unique in artistic expression. A few poems can also reflect the sufferings of the people and accuse the rulers of extravagance and arrogance. The bold and unconstrained writing has a great influence on later generations. "Nian Nujiao, Red Cliff Nostalgia" and "Shui Diao Ge Tou, Ice Dust Mid-Autumn Festival" are widely circulated. He is good at running script and regular script. He studied under Li Yong, Xu Hao, Yan Zhenqing and Yang Ningshi, and he can find a new way. The end of the pen is ups and downs, naive. Cai Xiang, Huang Tingjian and Mi Fei are also called "Song Sijia". He can draw bamboo, learn literature and like making strange stones. On painting, he advocates "spirit likeness" and thinks that "on painting, it is similar in shape and adjacent to children"; He spoke highly of the artistic attainments of "painting in poetry and poetry in painting". His poems include Seven Chapters of Dongpo and so on. There are some books that survive in the world, such as Teacher Xie's Essays, Several Sacrifices to the Yellow Emperor, and Huangzhou Cold Food Poems. His paintings include "Strange Trees and Stones" and "Bamboo Stones".
Huang Tingjian: (1045- 1 105), whose real name is Lu Zhi, is a rich man in Fenning, Hongzhou (now Xiushui, Jiangxi). Yingzong Zhiping for four years (1067), Jinshi. Zhe is known as "proofreader" and "collator". Hou Zhuo lives in the house. At the beginning of Shao Sheng's reign, the New Party called it "pseudo" in the editorial history, demoting Fuzhou and resettling Guizhou and other places. Hui Zongchu, Yizhou was detained. Gong's poems were known to Su Shi in his early years, and he, Chao and Qin Guan were also called "Four Bachelor of Su Men". Poetry and Su Shi, also known as "Su Huang", are the pioneers of Jiangxi Poetry School, including the Collected Works of Mr. Yu. Along with Qin Guan, there are also "Guqin Interesting Tales" and "Mr. Huang's Ci". Ci is romantic and heroic, closer to Su Shi. Chao Bu Zhi said: "Lu Zhi's interplay of small words is solid and wonderful, but he is not a language expert, so he sings good poems in his own tone." (See "The Poet's Jade Chips") There are many other slang words that cannot be avoided.
Mi Fei (1050- 1 107) was an outstanding painter and calligrapher in the Song Dynasty. The first name is Fu, the word chapter, the name is Serene Waishi, Xiangyang, and the name is Lumen Jushi. Originally from Xiangyang (now Hubei), he settled in Runzhou (now Zhenjiang, Jiangsu). Dr. Guan Zheng, Minister of Foreign Affairs Li. People call it "Minnan Palace". Because of his wildness, he is called "Mi Dian" or "Michi". Together with his son Mi Youren, he is called "Mill" or "Big and Small Rice". Father and son are collectors and connoisseurs of calligraphy and painting. Being good at mountains and rivers often hides the smoke trees in the wind and rain. Miffy is broad-minded, unconventional and free from vulgarity. Although he lives in Wang Qia, his painting of Yunshan smoke tree looks like Dong Yuan, but it is actually derived from cursive script and has endless fun. Natural smoke clouds appear, and the mountains are pressing, forming the so-called "rice spot landscape". Its paintings are ink drops, cigarette covers and simple trees, and the number is "Mi's Yunshan". His works include Yun Qi Architectural Map, Yanshan Map, Spring Mountain Haze Map, etc. Calligraphy includes "Participation in Politics" and so on. Every word of his running script is exquisite, full of vitality and fluency. He is the author of "Jin Bao Ying Guang Ji", "Painting History" and "Painting Review".
Cai Xiang (10 12 ~ 1067), whose real name is Mo Jun, was born in the fifth year of the Song Dynasty (10/2). I lived in Fengtingyi, Xianyou County. I started my career as a farmer and worked as an official in Quanzhou. Mother Lu, daughter of a celebrity in Guifeng Village, Hui 'an County.
Cai Xiangtong was strictly educated by his grandfather when he was young. 15-year-old after having obtained the provincial entrance examination, 18-year-old after visiting the capital, and went to imperial academy for further study. Tiansheng eight years (1030), won the first place after having obtained the provincial examination in Kaifeng. Tiansheng was the tenth scholar in the ninth year, and was awarded the judge of Zhangzhou army the following year for a period of four years.
In the third year of Li Qing (1043), Cai Xiang presided over the Yushi yamen. He never evaded anything and played a loyal and sincere role, which was mostly related to the advantages and disadvantages of the world and the urgency of the moment. He believes that national security depends on personnel, and the monarch mainly knows how to be good and distinguish between good and evil. Because there are people like Cai Xiang who dare to say and do things, those who are powerful are afraid and restrained.
In the fourth year of Li Qing, Cai Xiang was transferred to Fuzhou, and in the autumn of the sixth year, Li Qing was transferred to Fujian Road. In his eighth year in Li Qing, he left his job because of his father's death. In the third year (105 1), Cai Xiang returned to the DPRK to revise Ju Zhu and participate in the discussion of state affairs. For four years, the emperor moved to a shed, issued an imperial edict, and sentenced him to annotation and explanation. In the first year of Jiayou (1056), Cai Xiang was also known as Fuzhou. When he was in office, he encouraged learning to promote goodness, spread the word to cure poison, educate people to abide by the law and be good, change bad habits and supervise officials to win the hearts of the people. During the Jiayou period (1056 ~ 1063), Cai Xiang wrote to halve the salaries of Zhangzhou, Quanzhou and Xing, greatly reducing the burden on the people.
During He Zhi and Jia You years (1054 ~ 1063), Cai Xiang learned about Quanzhou twice, the first time was from February of He Zhi's third year to June of Jia You's first year, and the second time was from July of Jia You's second year to autumn of Jia You's fifth year. When Cai Xiang took office in Quanzhou, he first rectified the bureaucracy. At that time, Zhang Gong, the magistrate of Jinjiang County, was corrupt and perverted the law, and Cai Xiang impeached and dismissed for the people. He also built cities in coastal counties, strengthened military preparations, taught boats to memorize water potential and guard against pirates.
In the eastern suburb of Quanzhou, there is Luoyang River, and the downstream estuary is five miles wide, and there is a ferry named Wan 'an Ferry. "Turn over every storm, and you can't cross the river in a few days", "Sink and drown the boat, and death doesn't count". In the fifth year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (1053), Wang Juan initiated the construction of the stone bridge, and Cai Xiang presided over the project, which lasted six years and eight months and was completed in December of the fourth year of Jiayou (1059), with a length of 360 feet (1kloc-0/05.92 meters). This monument is known as the "three wonders" because of its concise articles, vigorous calligraphy and vivid carving.
Cai Xiang knows that Quanzhou has been dry for many years. He mobilized people's resources, strengthened water source management, and formulated the Guihu Pond Regulation to stop water disputes. During his tenure as a transshipment ambassador, he also visited a spring in Xiaowushi Mountain in the south of the county seat and informed local officials in Quanzhou to manage it well for the people to drink and irrigate the fields. During the reign of Zhiping (1064 ~ 1067), the king of Jinjiang County carved the word "Cai Gongquan" on the cliff as a memorial.
In the fourth year of Jiayou (1059), Cai Xiang wrote a book "litchi spectrum" in Quanzhou, which was divided into three volumes and seven articles, including the origin, growth, function, edible, processing, storage and marketing of litchi, and introduced 32 varieties of litchi.
In the fifth year of Jiayou (1060), Cai Xiang was summoned back to Beijing, and in the sixth year of Jiayou, he paid homage to the three ambassadors of Hanlin. In the eighth year of Jiayou, Injong died, Yingzong acceded to the throne, and Cai Xiang was officially appointed as three ambassadors. This year, Cai Xiang wrote a book "Tea Record", which is divided into two parts. The first part discusses the tea ceremony, including 10 on tea tasting, stir-frying and tea tasting. The second part talks about tea sets, including nine kinds of utensils, such as tea making utensils and drinking utensils, which are vivid and detailed. The historian said, "Cai Shan can distinguish tea, which is beyond the reach of future generations."
In the second year of Zhiping (1065), Cai Xiang studied in Hangzhou, and took office only after receiving his bachelor's degree from Ming Temple. In October of the third year of Zhiping, his mother Lu died, and Cai Xiang went home to protect his funeral. In August of the fourth year of Zhiping, Cai Xiang died at home at the age of 56. He was given as an assistant minister of the official department and buried in Cailing, Fengting. Ouyang Xiu wrote the Epitaph of Cai Gong, a Bachelor of Duanming Temple. Those years in Dalu (1165 ~1173) gave me loyalty. In the first year of Qing Dynasty (1 195 ~ 1200), Caixiang Temple was built at the end of Luoyang Bridge South Street.
Cai Xiang is one of the four great calligraphers in Song Dynasty. His calligraphy is exquisite and he abides by the statutes. He has the track of Jin tang style, and the previous generation has infinite transformation. Truth, action, grass and official are all wonderful. Ouyang Xiu said that "Cai (calligraphy) is chinese odyssey", and Su Shi commented that "Mo Jun's calligraphy is the first, the lower case is the second, and the cursive script is the third, with short strengths and few big characters." The existing "Wan 'an Crossing the Stone Bridge" is his crown; The preface to the ancient records in small letters is floating, the litchi spectrum is neat and square, and the tea records are firm and strict. Although there are differences in styles, each has its own essence.
Cai Xiang's works were incorporated into Cai Zhonghui's public collections. During the trunk road years, Wang got to know Quanzhou, and gained a rare edition by learning about Xinghua's army, which was engraved for the world.