Keywords: Yi culture; Dadiwan culture; Fuxi culture; Describe Wen Tao; Interpretation; relationship
The Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties Dating Project established the 5,000-year civilization history of China, which was opposed by western scholars and some domestic scholars on the grounds that the standard "writing" conditions of civilized society were insufficient. They believe that the earliest writing in China is Oracle Bone Inscriptions, which was unearthed in the Yin Ruins in Anyang, Henan Province, more than 3,600 years ago, which is 1400 years away from the history of 5,000 years of civilization, and is related to the time of writing, the constituent element of civilization. Archaeological discoveries of Wen Tao in Dadiwan, Xi 'an Banpo, Majiayao in Gansu, Lintong in Shaanxi, Ledu in Qinghai, Liangzhu in Zhejiang, Wucheng in Qingjiang in Jiangxi and Zhongshui in Weining have attracted the attention of archaeology, philology, ethnology, history and related disciplines. Many experts deciphered these mysterious descriptions about Wen Tao from different angles and in different forms, trying to find out that these descriptions about Wen Tao are the answers to the mystery, but in the end they didn't find the answers to the mystery. Starting with the description of Dadiwan pairs, which is the true representation of Fuxi's "Writing and Biography", the interpretation of archaeological sites in ancient Yi language, the extension, development and inheritance of Dadiwan sites, and the analysis of the cultural connotation of Dadiwan by Yi culture, this paper puts forward the conclusion that these descriptions are the representation of Fuxi's "Writing and Biography" in ancient books, so that Yi culture can be traced back to the same origin as Dadiwan culture and Fuxi culture.
First, Dadiwan's portrayal of Wen Tao may be a true representation of Fuxi's "book-making contract"
According to the pictures displayed in Dadiwan Museum and Ma Zhendong's introduction, combined with Selected Works of Fuxi Culture edited by Zhang Jinliang, Overview of Dadiwan Culture edited by Song Jinxi, Eight Thousand Years of Chinese Civilization edited by Zhou Zihe, it is considered that Dadiwan culture and Fuxi culture are integrated in time and space. On June 20 17, a delegation from Guizhou Province visited the site in Dadiwan Site, Tianshui, Gansu Province, during the "China Fuxi and Nu Wa Longgen Cultural Elite Forum and the First Session of New China Book of Changes Compilation". Two Yi-ology experts, Wang and Wang Jichao, interpreted 36 descriptions of Wen Tao in the Dadiwan Museum in ancient Yi language, which directly cracked the fact that Wen Tao, which was called a heavenly book by the academic circles, was written. 2065438+On June 22nd, 2009, the author saw painted pottery Wen Tao in Dadiwan Museum. Its structure and shape are no different from those of the ancient Yi language. The painted pottery patterns displayed in the museum are basically the same as the costumes worn by the investigation team. As long as we pay attention to the observation, we will find that the symbols of painted pottery in Dadiwan are exactly the same and similar to the symbols of Yi totem, Yi costume and Yi architectural culture. The author thinks that by combining the descriptions of Wen Tao, painted pottery, carbonized seeds and animal bones found in Dadiwan with Yi culture and Fuxi culture, we can answer questions such as whether these descriptions are the earliest characters, whether painted pottery is the earliest painted pottery in China, whether carbonized seeds are the origin of agriculture in China, and whether animal bones are the rise of primitive animal husbandry.
According to historical records, Fuxi was born in ancient times and ruled Chen in the East (during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the Qin people were building granaries, later called Chencang, now Baoji, Shaanxi), and finally captured Chen in Huaiyang, Henan. [0] "Preface to Shangshu" said: "Fuxi began to draw gossip and set up a book contract to replace the politics of tying ropes. It can be seen that Fuxi's" setting up a book contract "has always led our ancestors into the civilized era. According to the relevant literature of Fuxi culture research, firstly, Fuxi lived around 7,000-8,000 years, which basically met the time limit of 7,800-7,300 years in Dadiwan Archaeology Phase I; Second, Fuxi living area is the same as Dadiwan archaeological discovery area. This shows that Dadiwan culture and Fuxi culture are geographically in the same area, at the same time, and overlap in space and time. Based on this, can it be said that Fuxi's "book-making deed" is in Dadiwan? Otherwise, where is Fuxi's book-making contract recorded in ancient books and documents? What is the book deed made of? Obviously, the painted pottery found in the Dadiwan site is probably the reappearance of Fuxi's "writing contract" in those years, but the researchers regard these painted pottery as the original words, which can't be interpreted by Oracle Bone Inscriptions, and they don't think about these painted pottery with Fuxi's "writing contract", and they also neglect to seek answers from the perspective of ethnology, resulting in the researchers still don't know how to decipher these "gobbledygook" with words. Incredibly, the ancient Yi language used by the Yi people in southwest China can not only interpret the description of Wen Tao in the archaeological discovery of Dadiwan, but also the description of Wen Tao in Banpo, Majiayao and Xi Machang, which shows that the Yi culture, Dadiwan culture and Fuxi culture are closely related.
Ma Mingju, a professor of philosophy at Peking University and doctoral supervisor, said: "Primitive languages and characters, such as unearthed pottery patterns and symbols of rock paintings, are the earliest primitive characters of our ancestors, and Fuxi's book-making contract refers to the primitive characters of Fuxi era; Art patterns and jewelry culture, a large number of art patterns were found on painted pottery unearthed in Fuxi era, such as fish patterns, triangular parallel patterns, semi-circular patterns, fish and bird patterns, frog patterns, continuous spiral patterns, etc., indicating the important content of people's lives at that time. " [1] The author believes that Fuxi's "book-making deed" does not mean that Fuxi created characters, but that Fuxi collected, sorted out and improved the long-term used characters, and he made contributions to the innovative development of characters. To be sure, the description of Wen Tao in the archaeological discovery of Dadiwan is a mature description, which has experienced at least 3000-4000 years of development before Fuxi's "book-making deed". Some answers can be found in the Yi literature about the source information of the development of characters that originated more than 10,000 years ago, so I won't repeat them here. If the coincidence of Dadiwan culture and Fuxi culture is established in space and time, we can definitely say that Dadiwan is the place where Fuxi's "book-making deed" is recorded in ancient books and documents, and the description we see in Wen Tao is the true reproduction of Fuxi's "book-making deed".
Second, the interpretation of ancient Yi language and the description of Wen Tao in archaeological sites.
It is understood that up to now, the author has not seen any researchers make a complete and systematic comparative interpretation of the descriptions of Wen Tao in Dadiwan, Banpo, Majiayao and Racecourse. Except for the Yi cultural researchers who interpret the description of Wen Tao in the ancient Yi language, they have not seen the comparison of Wen Tao in other existing languages. As early as 1980s, Yi experts interpreted these descriptions of Wen Tao in ancient Yi language. For example, Mr. Shi Feng of China Academy of Social Sciences deciphered the pottery symbols unearthed in Dinggong Village, Shandong Province in ancient Yi language, and Mr. Liu Zhiyi of Zhuzhou Institute of Technology, Hunan Province, researched the "Ornament Picture" unearthed in Pengtoushan Site, Hunan Province, and thought that this ancient Yi language had a history of more than 9,000 years, plus its initial period was more than 10000 years, so he boldly demonstrated: "The ancient Yi language is a world language, Wesley Wang (deceased) said in the article "Research on Ancient Yi Historical Relics and Sanxingdui Primitive Culture Theory": "In the ancient ruins of Jinbaoshan Yi District in Chenggong, Yunnan Province where Yi people lived 1 200- 1 0,000 years ago, three pottery symbols were unearthed, which were deciphered as" Moduozhi "in Yi language, which is the remains of the ancient bamboo worship society of Yi people. [2] In other words, the carved Yi language unearthed in Jinbaoshan 12000- 10000 years ago not only recorded the calendar, but also served the religious sacrificial activities. It is reported that the history of these three pottery symbols is 10000- 12000, which is 3,000 years earlier than the 9000-year-old Jiahu site and 4,000 years earlier than the painted pottery in Dadiwan.
Guo Moruo, a historian and philologist in China, said in Dialectical Development of Ancient Chinese Characters in the Slavery Age: "These carved symbols are symbols with the nature of words, such as flower stems or family emblems". When talking about the carved symbols on Xi 'an Banpo, he said: "The carved symbols on these painted pottery can definitely be said to be the origin of China characters (Chinese characters), or the remains of China's original characters." The first chapter of "The History of China Secretaries" says: "The earliest writing was produced about 6,000 years ago at the Yangshao cultural site in Anbanpo, Xi 'an and Jiangzhai, Lintong. "In Li Xiaoding's" Examining the Origin of China Characters from Several Prehistoric and Early Historical Views of Wen Tao ",he said:" Banpo characters are the earliest known China characters, and they are a system with Oracle Bone Inscriptions. " [3] Mr. Yu, an ancient philologist, put forward in "Several Problems in the Study of Ancient Chinese Characters": "The simplified Chinese characters on this pottery are considered by archaeologists as symbols, and I think they are some simplified Chinese characters produced in the origin stage of the characters." [4] However, these descriptions of Wen Tao cannot be explained by Oracle Bone Inscriptions.
The author has written many essays, such as Analysis of the Origin of Yi Language, Yi Language Uncovering the Mystery of Carving in Dadiwan, Gansu Province 8000 years ago, and Homologous Relationship between Yi Culture and Carving in Dadiwan, especially the article Homologous Relationship between Yi Culture and Carving in Dadiwan, which has aroused different responses from all walks of life and attracted the attention of Wang Bin, a famous writer, vice president of China Prose Society and former vice president of Lu Xun College of Literature. And forwarded the article to Mr. Wang Ruobing, the editor-in-chief of Tianshui Evening News, through WeChat. He thinks the Comparative Study on the Origin of China Characters is very innovative and valuable in the study of Dadiwan culture, and recommends that the article be published in four full pages in Tianshui Evening News.
In order to intuitively and concisely show readers the ancient Yi language's interpretation of Wen Tao carved in different places, the author shows the symbol pictures carved in Dadiwan, Banpo, Majiayao and Machang of the ancient Yi language, aiming to show that the development of the ancient Yi language is at least the same as that of the oldest carved characters, further confirming the conclusion that these characters are not symbols but characters, and also proving the ancient square characters in China, that is, Yi characters and Chinese characters are the same cultural system, but their origins are still in a longer period of time.
(1) Interpretation of Wen Tao depicted in Dadiwan in the ancient Yi language.
The above figures 1- 1 to 1-8 are the interpretation of the ancient Yi language in Dadiwan, 2- 1 to 2-5, 3- 1 to 3-6 and Majiayao, 4-/kloc-0. Through comparative interpretation, in the comparison between Wen Tao and Xi 'an Banpo in Dadiwan, at least 13 of the descriptions of Wen Tao in the two places are the same, which shows that the descriptions of Wen Tao in the two places have homology and inheritance, and they are the same writing system. In the later comparative study, it was found that three descriptions in the Western Banpo were inherited and developed into "picture-in-picture" descriptions of Majiayao and Machang, and at least 10 descriptions of Wen Tao were the same.
In particular, the "pictures" depicting Wen Tao appear in Dadiwan, Xi 'an Banpo site, Majiayao, Racecourse and other places, indicating that there is a track of inheritance and development among these Wen Tao. Why do these descriptions of Wen Tao appear in different places? This shows that culture develops with the migration and development of human beings, which makes homologous culture appear in different spaces and times, and further shows that Yi culture, Dadiwan culture and Fuxi culture have the same roots.
In order to further confirm the relationship between lettering and ancient Yi language, the author found from archaeological sites, the age of sites and the comparison of lettering that these lettering are interlocking like a chain, forming the development and inheritance track of Dadiwan → Xi Banpo → Majiayao → Machang lettering, thus drawing the conclusion that Xi Banpo, Majiayao and Machang lettering are the continuous development of Dadiwan lettering. In addition, these descriptions of Wen Tao are closely related to the descriptions of Wen Tao in Liangzhu, Zhejiang, Wucheng, Qingjiang, Ledu, Qinghai and Erlitou, Yanshi, Henan. The ancient Yi language, which has been used in the southwest Yi area, has cracked the "heavenly book" which is called difficult by academic circles, and answered the conclusion that archaeological discoveries describe not symbols but words, which is difficult to understand.
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Figure 5- Comparison between Dadiwan, Banpo, Majiayao and Racecourse Wen Tao and 1
Thirdly, Dadiwan depicts the extended development and inheritance of Wen Tao.
The author found that "Illustration, Illustration, Illustration, Illustration" appeared in Wen Tao Dadiwan Phase I Wen Tao's Illustration unearthed in Banpo, Liangzhu, Zhejiang, Erlitou, Yanshi, Henan and Wucheng, Qingjiang, Jiangxi. In Yi language, "picture" is pronounced as "s? 33.tɑ2 1 "has two meanings, namely, tree (from the side); One (single). According to archaeological discoveries in various places, the time of this symbol is "7800-7300" in Dadiwan, "7000-6000" in Xi 'an Banpo, "5800-4400" in Liangzhu, Zhejiang, "4000-3400" in Erlitou, Yanshi, Henan, and "3800" in Wucheng, Qingjiang, Jiangxi. The time difference between the five places in depicting Wen Tao is "800 years, 2000 years, 3800 years and 4000 years", which shows that the "pictures" depicting Wen Tao appear in different spaces and times, and the migration and development of human beings have brought cultural genes to different regions for inheritance, so the depiction of Wen Tao in the five places has formed a continuous development track.
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Fig. 6- 1 depicts the development track of Wen Tao epitaxy.
"Illustration, Illustration, Illustration, Illustration and Illustration" all appeared in Banpo, Xi 'an, Jiangzhai, Lintong, Liangzhu, Zhejiang, Ledu, Qinghai and Erlitou, Yanshi, Henan, with the time difference of "800, 1800, 2000, 3400 and 3800".
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Figure 7- 1? Archaeological sites around the country depict the development track of Wen Tao.
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Figure 7-2 Comparison between Yi and Yi in the Painting of Painted Pottery in Dadiwan Phase II
The "picture" Wen Tao in Figure 8-2 is the same Wen Tao in different directions on painted pottery and painted pottery fragments in Dadiwan. Wen Tao has "pictures, pictures, pictures, pictures" in Banpo, Xi 'an, Jiangzhai, Lintong, Liangzhu, Zhejiang and Erlitou, Yanshi, Henan. In the ancient Yi language, this Yi language map reads "33, d? 2 1、d？ 2 1 ",which means" livestock, money; (production) hygiene, porosity and resin (days); Wings, etc. " According to archaeological findings, the time span of the four places is "1000,1200,3000".
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Figure 8- 1 Archaeological sites in various places depict the extended trajectory of Wen Tao.
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Figure 8-2? Comparison between Yi and Yi in the Description of the Second Phase of Dadiwan
Another example is the "picture" found in Xi 'an Banpo, which takes Wen Tao as an example. Wen Tao is found in Liangzhu, Majiayao, Racecourse, Ledu in Yanshi, Henan, and Wucheng in Qingjiang, Jiangxi, and its form is "painting, painting, painting, painting". Similarly, it is also found in Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Guyi, and the picture in Oracle Bone Inscriptions is interpreted as "you". There are four similar pictures in the ancient Yi language, which can be read as "zu2 1, t? O 13, go2 1, gu2 1 ",which means" from (to); Turn; Return, return; Place, etc. This shows that the "Oracle Bone Inscriptions", "Gu" and "Gu" described in the above six places are the same cultural system, which comes down in one continuous line and has homology and identity in culture.
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Figure 9— 1 Archaeological sites in various places depict the development track of Wen Tao.
Figure 10-2 depicts the "map" of Wen Tao, especially Wen Tao in Dadiwan, and "map, map, map, map, map" appears in Banpo, Xi 'an, Jiangzhai, Lintong, Liangzhu, Majiayao, Ledu, Qinghai and Yanshi, Henan. Of course, this description of Wen Tao's "painting" also exists in Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Gu Yi. In Oracle Bone Inscriptions, "Tu" is interpreted as "A, X", and in Yi, "Tu" can be read as "sэ2 1, k? 55.K щ 2 1 ",which means" fish scale shell; Expensive; Mating, soul bearing, etc. "
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Figure10 ——1Archaeological sites in various places depict the development track of Wen Tao.
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Figure 10-2? Comparison between Yi and Yi in the Description of the Second Phase of Dadiwan
Four. A Brief Analysis of Yi Culture Dadiwan depicts the cultural connotation of Wen Tao.
In order to find more information about painted pottery found in archaeological sites in Dadiwan, the author selected some characters from 36 Wen Tao carved in Dadiwan for analysis and speculation, and found more cultural information in Yi culture, Dadiwan culture and Fuxi culture. Someone once asked me if I could decipher the meaning of a complete sentence or word, which was of great and far-reaching significance. However, because all the samples of painted pottery in Wen Tao are single fragments and some incomplete archaeological information, it is difficult to answer the complete sentence meaning from a single painted pottery, not to mention a coherent description of Wen Tao engraved on a complete painted pottery, which is definitely more difficult. According to Oracle Bone Inscriptions's interpretation, since Oracle Bone Inscriptions was discovered in 1899, about 4,500 words of Oracle Bone Inscriptions have been sorted out from150,000 Oracle Bone Inscriptions. Oracle Bone Inscriptions explained 100 years, so far, he only explained about 1500 words, so he "recognized one word and got 65438". It is self-evident that it is difficult to crack the civilized password. The following is the author's attempt to interpret more cultural connotations from the description of pottery according to the sentences that often appear in Yi ancient books and documents, combined with archaeological materials.
(A) the analysis and speculation of painted pottery "pictures" in Dadiwan.
The first is to analyze the cultural connotation of "map" from the sentences that often appear in Yi ancient books and documents. The above picture 1- 1 is a summary of painted pottery in Dadiwan. The 3 1 Wen Tao in the table comes from the pottery sample F709 in Figure 6- 1 below: p15. This painted pottery painting has three similar glyphs in Yi language, namely, painting, painting and Yi. 2 1, b I13, bu33, their meanings are "female, female, big, hoof (cloven-hoofed animal), beginning" respectively. According to the study of Fuxi culture, Fu was a creation hero in the historical stage from matriarchal clan to paternal clan society, from fishing, hunting and animal husbandry to agricultural civilization, and from barbarism to civilization in ancient times. Although Fuxi era is the transition period from matrilineal clan to paternal clan, people still generally worship motherhood. According to Yi literature, Yi people also changed from a long matriarchal society to a paternal society. In the traditional culture of Yi people, the father is Yang and the mother is Yin, so the picture on the painted pottery fragments corresponds to the picture in the ancient Yi language, and its meaning can be chosen as "mother, yin and big".
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Figure11-1? Painted pottery unearthed in Dadiwan depicts Wen Tao.
If we combine "picture" with the symbol "picture" in 1- 1, we can get a meaning of completion. There are three ancient Yi characters similar to Wen Tao's "map" in the archaeological discovery of Dadiwan. First, the "map" is similar to the "map" of Dadiwan. In ancient Yi language, "Tu" is pronounced as za 13, which means "descending". Second, "Tu" is pronounced as ndo 13 in ancient Yi language, meaning "Ju"; 3. The word "Tu" is pronounced as 55 in the ancient Yi language, meaning "Jie" and "Fang". The author thinks that the meaning of "Xia" is most appropriate for the "pictures" of the Dadiwan site. Because the combination of "picture" and "picture" often appears in Yi ancient books, southwest Yi records, Yi origins and other documents, it is translated as "mother drop" and "yin drop" in Yi translation. In addition, "map, map, map" is often seen in ancient books, which means "Yin and Yang rise and fall" or "Yang rises and Yin falls".
The second is to analyze the cultural connotation of painted pottery "pictures" from the archaeological discovery of animal bones in Dadiwan. As mentioned earlier, the word "Tu" has three similar words in Yi language, pronounced as m? 2 1, B I 13, pi33, respectively, are defined as "female, female, big, hoof (cloven-hoofed animal), beginning." Meaning of. Based on the analysis of the bones of pigs, dogs, deer and sheep found in the ash pits, houses and tombs excavated in the first phase of Dadiwan, the "Tu" in three similar ancient Yi texts is read as B I 13, meaning hoof, which is consistent with the bones of pigs, dogs, deer and sheep found in Dadiwan archaeology.
Through analysis and speculation, we can draw two conclusions from the painted pottery paintings in Dadiwan. One is based on a sentence that often appears in ancient Yi literature, meaning "mother, yin and big", and the other is based on the archaeological analysis of archaeological animal bones in Dadiwan, which is hoof. As for a more suitable result, more scholars are needed to combine the geographical environment and life track of Dadiwan 8000 years ago.
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Figure 1 1-2 pictures of livestock training in Dadiwan Museum
(B) Dadiwan painted pottery "picture" cultural connotation
The fourth Wen Tao in the diagram 1- 1 is the first phase of class A drawing symbol H3 1 14 "diagram". The following picture 12- 1 is a picture of painted pottery in Dadiwan Phase I. According to the analysis of the plant charcoal unearthed from the Dadiwan site, it is shown that the graph represents a common plant tree species, but in the ancient Yi language, the graph, graph and graph are similar in structure, and in the ancient Yi language, graph is pronounced Po33, which means latitude (line). The picture reads Po33, which means drilling and stabbing; "Picture" is pronounced as "so 13", which means "pine, fir or wheat". Based on the archaeological analysis of plant charcoal in Dadiwan site, the painted pottery should mean the first fir tree in the following figure 12-2. The author thinks that "Tu" is pronounced as "so 13" in ancient Yi language, which means "pine, fir or wheat".
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Figure12 ——1Painted Pottery Picture of Dadiwan Phase I
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Figure 12-2 Archaeological Plant Charcoal in Dadiwan
Of course, the description of Yangshao culture in Wen Tao, represented by Dadiwan, can be interpreted in ancient Yi language. Painted pottery patterns found in Dadiwan, Majiayao and other places often appear in Yi totem, Yi costume, Yi architecture, sculpture and painting, such as sickle pattern, wishful pattern, totem pattern, spiral pattern, geometric pattern, animal pattern, gossip pattern, plant pattern, dog tooth pattern and so on, which is a kind of high-density cultural information.
Knot? Language: Through multi-angle analysis and exploration, it is surprising to find that the longer a culture is, the more obvious its cultural homology, homology and identity characteristics, and the core values come down in one continuous line. From the ancient Yi language to interpret the painted pottery in Dadiwan and other places, it is obvious that the painted pottery in Dadiwan is not a symbol, but a character. It further shows that Yi culture, Dadiwan culture and Fuxi culture come down in one continuous line. It is undoubtedly a golden key to open the source of civilization, a breakthrough to solve the "character" difficulty of civilization elements, and has important historical value and practical significance to explore the source of Chinese civilization.
References:
(1) Song Jinxi's Introduction to Dadiwan Culture Gansu People's Publishing House, September 20 18 1.
(2) Collected Papers on Fuxi Cultural Studies edited by Zhang Jinliang was published in June 2065438+2009.
③ Interpretation of Yi Language, edited by Wang, was printed by Guizhou Ethnic Publishing House on1October, 2009.
(4) Collection of Papers of Cultural Summit Forum of Tibetan, Qiang and Yi Cultural Industry Expo compiled by Bijie Ethnic and Religious Affairs Committee, Sichuan Ethnic Publishing House of Sichuan Party Construction Magazine Group, 1 edition, September 20 17.
⑤ Ding Shijian, Wang Jichao, Compilation of Yi Calligraphy in Ming and Qing Dynasties, Guizhou Education Press, 1998, 1 1.
⑥ A Concise Yi-Chinese Dictionary, compiled by Yi Language Institute of Guizhou Institute for Nationalities, Ethnic Affairs Committee of Bijie Prefecture, Guizhou Province, Guizhou Ethnic Publishing House 19965438+9 0.
⑦ Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangxi Yi Language Co-edited Yi Anthology Guizhou Ethnic Publishing House Sichuan Ethnic Publishing Group Yunnan Ethnic Publishing House June 2004 1 edition.
(8) Zhou Yixing Central Literature Publishing House, 8000 Years of Chinese Civilization, 20 15 1 1 edition.
Pet-name ruby Zhou Zibo, Zhou Yixing, China ancient binary counting and sixty-four hexagrams, Gansu People's Publishing House, June 20 18, 1 version.
Attached:
1, Rong's Notes on Mountain Opening says: "Fuxi was born (now Tianshui City, Gansu Province) and moved to Chencang (now Baoji, Shaanxi Province, adjacent to Tianshui). Zheng Zhui's Tongzhi also recorded that "Fuxi was born in, and all his works were in Chen". "Yi Shi" Volume III also said: "Fu Chengji moved Chen Cang". "The Century of the Emperor" says: "Fuxi people call Tai Hao, and all of them are Chen".
[1]. edited by Zhang Jinliang. Collection of essays on Fuxi culture, page 60, Reflections on the connotation and extension of Fuxi culture.
[2]. Bijie Ethnic and Religious Affairs Committee compiled "Collected Papers of Cultural Summit Forum of Tibetan, Qiang and Yi Cultural Industry Expo", Sichuan Ethnic Publishing House of Sichuan Party Construction Magazine Group, September 20 17, 1 version, p. 95.
[3]. Li Xiaoding "Predicting the origin of China characters from several prehistoric and early historical observations in Wen Tao".
[4]. Cultural relics 1973 02.