Chinese name: Yang Wanli
Nationality: Southern Song Dynasty
Ethnic group: Han nationality
Date of birth: 1 127.
Date of death: 1206
Occupation: poet
Main achievements: He wrote more than 4,200 poems expressing patriotic feelings.
Representative works: Four quatrains when I first entered the Huaihe River, looking at the Yangtze River Bridge and crossing the Yangtze River.
catalogue
1. Brief introduction of outstanding poets in Southern Song Dynasty
The life of the character
Yangwanli hometown
Outstanding deeds
Literary achievements
Poetry and prose works
2. Personal Profile of Teachers of College of Literature, Shanghai University
school achievement
1. Brief introduction of outstanding poets in Southern Song Dynasty
The life of the character
Yangwanli hometown
Outstanding deeds
Literary achievements
Poetry and prose works
2. Personal Profile of Teachers of College of Literature, Shanghai University
school achievement
Edit this paragraph 1. Outstanding poets in southern song dynasty
outline
Yang Wanli
Yang Wanli (1 127 ~ 1206), with a beautiful name, is an adult. Jizhou, Jiangxi (now Tang Qiu Village, huangqiao town, Jishui County, Jiangxi Province). Great poet of Southern Song Dynasty. Shaoxing was a scholar in the 24th year (1 154). Dr. Guo Zi, Dr. Tai Chang, Dr. Tai Changcheng and the right assistant minister of the official department promoted the tea and salt business in Changping, Guangdong Province, and raised some prisons and foreign ministers of the official department. Oppose the use of iron money to travel to counties in the south of the Yangtze River, change to Ganzhou, not go, resign and go home and live in the village. In the history of China literature, he, Lu You, Fan Chengda and You Mao are also called "Four Great Masters in Southern Song Dynasty" and "Four Great Masters in Zhongxing". He wrote more than 20 thousand poems, only a few of which have been handed down. Chun Shen worked in Guangdong for six years (1 179) to eleven years. He found that there were no military camps outside Huizhou and Chaozhou, and all the soldiers lived in the city. Therefore, he asked for permission to build barracks outside all rural areas, and soldiers were not allowed to enter the city. He has written many well-known poems in Huizhou, such as Bai Hefeng, You Dongpo's Former Residence, Xiezhou Huizhou New Bridge and You Hufeng. Among them, "You Hu Feng" is one of the famous sentences of Huizhou West Lake in past dynasties: "The three lakes are of the same color, Qiantang is full of water, and Dongpo was originally the first of the West Lake, and it took a break to reach Luofu." His poems had a great influence in Huizhou and were enshrined in Jingxian Temple in the West Lake.
The life of the character
Yang Wanli has been a scholar in Shaoxing for twenty-four years. He was awarded the secretariat of Ganzhou and later transferred to Lingling County, Yongzhou. Zhang Jun was encouraged and taught by him. After Xiaozong acceded to the throne, Zhang Jun entered the phase and recommended Yang Wanli as the prefect of Lin 'an. Before his appointment, he was mourned by his father, and after his service, he changed his knowledge to Fengxin County. Main road for six years (1 170), served as Dr. Guo Zi, started as a Beijing official, and soon moved to Taichang City, where he was transferred to at least the prison. In the first year of Xichun (1 174), Zhangzhou was known, and now it is called Yang Chang Wanli Statue.
State. In six years, he raised tea and salt in Changping, Guangdong Province, suppressed the Shen Shi Rebel Army and was promoted to a prison in Guangdong Province. Soon, his mother lost his job, and he was recalled to the official department and promoted to a doctor. In May of the twelfth year (1 185), he wrote a letter to deal with the earthquake, talked about ten things about current politics, advised Xiao Zonggu to put aside urgent matters and prepare for the enemy, resolutely opposed some people's suggestions of abandoning Huai River and surrendering to the Yangtze River, and advocated selecting talents and actively preparing for war. The following year, he served as a detailed inspector of the Privy Council and a servant of the prince. Fourteen years (1 187), I moved to a secretary with less supervision. When Emperor Gaozong collapsed, Wanli accused Hong Mai of "referring to the deer as a horse" for Zhang Jun's due enjoyment of the temple sacrifice, which annoyed Xiao Zong and made him know about Yunzhou (now Gao 'an, Jiangxi). Guangzong acceded to the throne and was called secretary supervisor. Shao Xiyuan (1 190) was appointed as the ambassador of Jin Guo and Zheng Dan, and was also the auditor of the Recording Institute. Finally, because Xiaozong was dissatisfied with him, it was an agreement of Jiangdong transshipment. The imperial court wanted to cast iron coins in counties in the south of the Yangtze River. Yang Wanli thought it inconvenient, refused to serve the imperial edict and changed to Ganzhou. Seeing that his ambition could not be put to good use, Wanli refused to go to his post and begged for a shrine official (no actual official position, only receiving a salary, which is equivalent to retirement) and returned. From then on, he stopped being an official and refused to go when he was called to Beijing several times. In the second year of Jubilee (1206), he hated Han Tuozhou for playing politics and making mistakes for his country, so he died of grief and indignation, and finally he became a scholar of Mo Ge and was named "Wen Jie". Zhu Xuanxian's Chinese painting "Poems of Yang Wanli's Pond"
Today, there are more than 4,200 poems, many of which express patriotic feelings. His poems, such as The First Four-quatrain of Huaihe River, Looking at the Yangtze River Bridge, Crossing the Yangtze River, Dusk Rain and Clear Sky, are full of thoughts and artistry. I have also written some poems that reflect the life of working people, such as Seven Poems for Boating on a Rainy Night, Ten Explanations of Ding Wei's Ci Poems and Song of Transplanting Rice, which show sympathy for farmers' hard life, such as Sigh of Farmers and Sigh of Autumn Rain. Yang Wanli, a beginner of Jiangxi Poetry School, focuses on the rhythm of words. After the age of 50, his poetic style has changed, from imitating predecessors to imitating nature, forming a unique and sincere style. Chengzhai pays attention to the so-called "living method", that is, he is good at capturing fleeting interests and expressing them in humorous and simple language. For example, "Ba Fengbo": "Fengbo advised you to have a glass of wine, why bother to play a bad drama and shock poetry!" It fully embodies the characteristics of Chengzhai style. Cheng Zhai's Poetry Talk is not devoted to poetry creation, but it also has some literary theories. His poems are famous for Wuxi Fu and Hai Fu. There are only 15 poems written today, which are fresh and interesting, quite similar to his poems. He is also good at easy learning, such as the Yi Zhuan of Cheng Zhai, which has been criticized by scholars for its historical proof. Zhai Chengji has 133 volumes (including various styles of poems 10), and there are four series; Poems of Yang Wenjie (42 volumes), printed from Qianlong to Qianlong; "Cheng Zhai Yi Zhuan" has 20 volumes, and there is a Song version of the book pavilion; The volume of Zhai Cheng Shi Hua is 1, which is a continuation of the poetry talks of past dynasties. Yang Wanli advocated the war of resistance all his life and opposed kneeling and surrendering. In many books, strategies and articles he gave to the emperor, he lamented Chen Jiazhi's illness many times, strongly criticized the mistake of surrender, and his patriotism was beyond words. He is an honest official and tries his best not to disturb the people. At that time, the poet Ji Xu praised him as "clear as water, poor with gold" ("Vote for Yang Chengzhai"). After the completion of the Jiangdong transfer agreement, he should have had a large sum of money, but he abandoned it in the official treasury and did not return a penny. He is upright, outspoken, critical and reckless, so he can't be of great use all the time. In fact, he didn't work hard as an official. When he was an official in Beijing, he was always ready to lose his official position. So, he prepared his way home from Hangzhou in advance, locked it in a box and hid it in his bedroom. His family was not allowed to buy anything, for fear that his luggage would be cumbersome when he left his post and returned home. Later, during the fifteen years of Han Yazhou's administration, Han Xinjian Nanyuan asked him to write "record" and promised to reward senior officials, but Wanli insisted on not doing it, saying that "officials can be abandoned and' recording' is not allowed." To stop a few things, you can imagine him as a person. Ge, a poet, boasts "a backbone like a stone" (see Collection of Sages in Southern Song Dynasty). Ge Wu Huai Ji), this is not a beautiful word. Celebrate Yang Wanli's 880th birthday.
Yang Wanli loved the countryside and sympathized with farmers all his life, and wrote many poems reflecting farmers' life. For example, compassion for farmers, peasant sighs, autumn rain sighs, compassion for drought, crossing Baisha bamboo songs and so on. Describe the sufferings of farmers, Song Siji Ci, playing yangko, etc. Describe the sufferings and joys of farmers, watch the rain, and leave the miscellaneous interests on urban roads to future generations. Describe the joy and hope of living and working in peace and contentment. It is loved by the people of China.
Yangwanli hometown
Cultural relics protection units in Jiangxi province. Located in Tang Qiu Village, huangqiao town, Jishui County, Jiangxi Province. From Jishui Interchange of Jiangxi-Guangdong Expressway to huangqiao town, there is a direct road to Tongcun. It is 23 kilometers away from Ji 'an city. It is the hometown of Yang Wanli, the great poet of Zhongxing in the Southern Song Dynasty and the founder of Chengzhai Poetry. There are many cultural relics in Tang Qiu Village, and now more than 65,438+020 ancient buildings are preserved. Yang Wanli's tomb, Yang Wanli's woodcut, Nanxi Bridge and Imperial Bookstore are all well preserved. There are many Yang literati in Zhatang, and there are more than 70 wise men in the Song Dynasty alone. Yang Zaixing, a general who died in a small business river in Henan under the national hero Yue Fei, also came from the Yang family in Zhatang. While visiting Yang Wanli's hometown, you can also visit the strange cave scenery of Shilian Cave, soak in the spring water, and visit the lecture platform of Luo Hongxian, a geographer in Ming Dynasty, and the Zheng Xue Academy he founded. Yangwanli tomb
Walk into the country road of Yang Wanli's hometown.
Outstanding deeds
Yang Wanli, the fourth outstanding figure of ZTE, had a great influence at that time. His poems are as famous as those of Lu You, Fan Chengda and You Mao, and they are called "Four Masters of Zhongxing" (Four Masters of Southern Song Dynasty). At first, he imitated Jiangxi Poetry School. Later, he realized the shortcomings of Jiangxi Poetry School, such as the difficulty in pursuing form. In the thirty-second year of Shaoxing (1 162), he burned more than one thousand of his representative poems and decided to jump out of the trap of Jiangxi Poetry School and find another way. In the preface of Jing Xi Ji, he once recalled his own creative path: "His poems began to learn from the philosophers in Jiangxi, as well as the five-character law of Houshan (Chen Shidao), the seven-character quatrains of an old man in the Mid-Levels (Wang Anshi) and the quatrains of the Tang Dynasty. ..... When I was writing a poem during the Reform Movement of 1898, I suddenly realized that it was afraid to learn to politely refuse the Tang people and Wang, Chen and Jiangxi gentlemen, and then I was so happy. " He also made it very clear in his poem: "I am ashamed to pass on the story, and the writer has his own romantic feelings." Huang (Tingjian) and Chen (Shidao) rested under the fence, while Tao (Qian) and Xie (Lingyun) stood out. "("Xu Gansu Poetry Postscript (III) "is precisely because he does not follow others' heels, leans against others' fences, and dares not turn around and innovate, and finally forms his own poetic style, which is simple, colloquial and ingenious, and is called" Chengzhai Style ". It promoted the change of poetic style at that time. Profound knowledge Yang Wanli is knowledgeable and talented. His works are eclectic and varied, including "Returning to the Division with a Thousand Troops, Overturning the Three Gorges, Piercing the Heavenly Heart and Piercing the Moon Cave". There is also a gesture that writes about people's feelings, which is readily available, but can write beautiful lyrics. The poetic style is simple and natural, ingenious in conception, humorous, fresh and lively, with strong artistic appeal. He also paid great attention to learning the advantages of folk songs and absorbed a lot of vivid oral proverbs in his poems. Therefore, his works are often "slang sayings, from the mouth" (Jiang Hongao's "Han Tang Poetry"), giving people a simple and natural feeling. Such as: "the bright moon shines on Kyushu, and several families are happy and several are sad; I am worried that the killing is related to the moon, so I have to take a rest. " (Song of Zhi Zhu) is a completely blurted out folk song, which reflects his achievements in learning folk songs. Some of Yang Wanli's existing poems directly express his patriotic feelings and concern for current politics. In particular, when he was the escort of Ambassador He of the State of Jin, he crossed the Huaihe River for the first time and went north to meet the ambassador. He saw with his own eyes that the great rivers and mountains of the Song Dynasty fell into the hands of the Jin people, and the Huaihe River became the northern boundary of the Southern Song Dynasty. People of the same flesh and blood on both sides of the strait can't travel freely, and they have written many patriotic poems, such as: "People are not happy to go to the Huaihe River when the ship is away from the beach of Hongze; Why is Sanggan far away, and the north of the middle stream is the end of the world! " "Ships on both sides of the strait are running backwards, and it is difficult to negotiate the wave standard. Only the gull heron flies freely from north to south. " (The first time I entered the Huaihe River) When I passed by the Jinshan in Zhenjiang, I saw that the picturesque pavilion in Jinshan had become a place dedicated to making tea for the golden envoy, and I wrote indignantly: "Dajiang is ashamed of others! The poem "Golden Mountain Worries for Others" ("Snow Ji Xiao Deng Jin Mountain") profoundly lashed the humiliating little court in the Southern Song Dynasty. In addition, there are "Crossing the Yangtze River", "Reading Your Guilt", Zhang Weigong's poems, Prime Minister Yu's poems, Jiang Gang's two poems, Qin Taishi's tomb and Su Mu Niu Ting's ancestral temple. , or miss home country, or call for the war of resistance and national rejuvenation, or praise the generals who died against the enemy, or satirize traitors. Concerned about people's livelihood, he also has some poems reflecting the lives of working people, expressing his concern for people's livelihood and sympathy for working people. Such as Compassion for Peasants, Looking at Crops, Peasants' Sigh, Autumn Rain Sigh, Compassion for Drought, Songs of Bamboo Branches, Songs of Transplanting Rice, etc. , with high ideological and artistic. But the latter two kinds of works are few. Existing Poems Yang Wanli's existing poems are mostly lyric works and entertainment works praising Yue. Some themes in this part of the works are too detailed, lacking a high degree of artistic generalization and superficial. But he also has many lyric poems, which are interesting and touching because of careful observation, vivid description and sincere feelings. For example, "Plum teeth are sour and soft, and bananas are divided into green screens. I slept for a long time and thought mercilessly, watching children catch willow branches. " ("Taking a nap in early summer") "You can't see the truth outside the fog, but you can only recognize the former village by chickens and dogs. The frost on the ferry is like snow, which is the first mark of my green shoes. " ("Gengzi crossed the river at dawn on the fifth day of the first month") "In the sound of spring rain, people are drunk in the shadow of plum blossoms. "(New Year's Eve) is written roundly and naturally, fresh and lively, full of thoughts, which is different from those poets who specialize in describing the wind, clouds and the moon. In modern times, Zhu Xuanxian, a Chinese painting artist, created the Chinese painting Xiaohe Cailou based on Yang Wanli's poem Xiaohe Cailou, and Zhu Xuanxian's Chinese painting Reflected in the Sun according to Xiao Yu's love shrine-Kanlin Zifang.
The Chinese painting "Red Sun Reflects the Sun" created in Italy is very vivid and vividly embodies a kind of poetry.
Literary achievements
Yang Wanli Chronology
Yang Wanli was extremely diligent in writing all his life. According to legend, there are more than 20,000 poems, more than 4,200 existing poems and 133 volumes of complete works of poetry, which are known in the world. On September 22nd, the first year of Jianyan (October 29th, A.D. 1 127 10), Yang Wanli fell to the ground. This is a stormy time. Jinbing invaded the Central Plains on a large scale, and captured Bianjing in leap November last year. In April this year, three thousand people, including Hui Zong, Qin Zong, Prince and Zong Qi, were captured and transported north, and the Northern Song Dynasty was declared extinct. In May, Zhao Gou, King Kang, acceded to the throne as Emperor Gaozong, and established the Southern Song Dynasty, which was partial to the south of the Yangtze River. From then on, the Song-Jin War and the long-term confrontation between the weak in the south and the strong in the north began. Yang Wanli lost his mother at the age of eight. Father Yang Fu (A.D. 1096- 1 164), whose real name was named Nanxi lay man. Proficient in the Book of Changes, often hungry, endure the cold to buy books. Ten years later, he has collected thousands of books. He once pointed to the collection of books and said to Yang Wanli, "What makes you angry is the heart of a saint!" (Hu Quan's "Yang Wenjun Qing Ji Zhiming") Under the influence of his father, Yang Wanli studied very hard, learned and persevered since childhood. At the age of 65,438+04, he worshipped Gao Shou Dao as a teacher; at the age of 65,438+07, he worshipped Wang Tingcheng as a teacher; at the age of 265,438+0, he worshipped Liu Anshi and Liu Tingzhi as teachers. In the twentieth year of Shaoxing (A.D. 1 150), he went to Lin 'an to take the examination of the Ministry of Rites, and was the last one to come back, still continuing his studies. At the age of 27, I took Liu Caishao as my teacher. A few years later, he served as a householder in Ganzhou, and his father took him to visit Zhang Jiucheng who lived in Nan 'an and Hu Zui who passed through Ganzhou. Wang Tingxuan, Zhang Jiucheng, Hu Quan and other predecessors' knowledge, integrity and patriotic spirit of worshiping and resisting gold have greatly influenced Yang Wanli. In the spring of the 24th year of Shaoxing (AD 1 154), Yang Wanli was a scholar. In twenty-six years (AD 1 156), he was awarded the title of Ganzhou secretariat and joined the army. In October of the 29th year (A.D. 1 159), he was transferred to Yongzhou Lingling County Competition. At that time, Zhang Po, the hawkish leader, lived in Yongzhou and closed his door. Yang Wanli went to worship him for thirst three times, but he couldn't see him. After that, he wrote to ask him and was introduced by his son Zhang Wan. Zhang Jun said to him: "Fu Yuan is a noble man, and those with golden waist and purple waist are no different, but Zou and Chen Ying are glory for the sun and the moon!" (Luo Dajing's "He Lu" Volume I) At the same time, he encouraged him to learn "sincerity". Yang Wanli listened to his teachings all his life, so he named his reading room "Chengzhai" to show his ambition. Living in Hengzhou at that time, Yang Wanli asked him to write Zhai Chengji. For Cheng Lingling, two patriotic ministers, Zhang Jun and Hu Quan, set an example for Yang Wanli to follow all his life. In the thirty-second year of Shaoxing (AD 1 162), in June, Emperor Zhao Gou of Gaozong abdicated, and the political situation in the Southern Song Dynasty changed greatly. Filial piety acceded to the throne, determined to recover, used Zhang Po as the Tang envoy, and soon made him the phase. In the autumn of the first year of Longxing (1 163), Yang Wanli left Lingling and moved to Lin 'an. Zhang Jun recommended, except Professor Lin An. Before taking up his post, he returned to Jishui in the first month of the following year because his father was ill. On August 4, my father died and was recuperating at home. "For three years, the home is not closed, you're welcome." ). In the spring of the third year of the main road (A.D. 1 167), Yang Wanli went to Lin 'an, and he was eager to meet the Tang Dynasty deputy envoys, pivot the carpet and make Yu, and discuss political "thousand thoughts". A Thousand Thoughts is divided into 30 articles, including The Way of Ruling, The Realm of the Country, The Realm of Governing the Original, Talents, Xiang, Jiang, Bing, Controlling Officials, Choosing Laws, Criminal Law, Redundant Officials and Civil Affairs, which profoundly summarizes Jing. After reading it, he said admiringly, "There are such figures in the southeast! If you recommend two people from the beginning, this person should be the person in charge. " ("Helin Yulu" Volume IV B) In the sixth year of Avenue (A.D. 1 170), Yang Wanli removed the order of Longxing County. Just in time for the new drought, people's lives are very difficult. When Yang Wanli took office on April 26th, he saw that the prison was full of people who couldn't pay the rent, but the government-the national treasury was still empty, knowing that it was caused by exploitation among officials. So he ordered all the "prisoners" in the prison to be put back, and it was forbidden to catch people and whip the people. Then he sent a notice to every household to relax the tax amount and time limit. As a result, the people paid taxes voluntarily and paid all the taxes they owed within one month. Although Feng Xin has only been in office for half a year, he first practiced his own politics of not disturbing the people and achieved great success. In the same year 10, Yang Wanli began to do court work outside his doctor's office because of the recommendation of his right-hand man Yu. The following year, Zhang Qian was offended by opposing Hou Xing's appointment to an important position and was excluded from the knowledge. Yang Wanli fought against improper dismissal and wrote a letter to Yu, urging him to talk it over. An excellent course, forgetting public and private, is praised by the world. In July, he transferred to Dr. Taichang; In eight years, Mardam was promoted to assistant minister. In April, 1999, he will be transferred to juvie. In the first month of the first year of Xichun (1 174), in addition to knowing the state, he did not forget to write a letter when he left, urging the emperor to abstain from corruption and honesty. After his illness, he didn't go to work and lived at home for three years. In the spring of four years, Xichun came to Changzhou. "Cheng Zhai Yi Chuan" map
In the sixth year of Xichun (A.D. 1 179), in addition to promoting tea salt in Changping, Guangdong. Yang Wanli left Changzhou with his family in February, staying for nearly a year, and left Jishui for Guangdong in the first month of seven years. 1February, 988, he was transferred to Guangdong for custody. In winter, Fujian "stole" Shen Shi to Meizhou, and he led the troops to settle down. He was called "the courage of the benevolent" by Xiaozong and was given a secret cabinet. 1In July, 999, her stepmother died and left her post in mourning. In the 11th year of Xichun (A.D. 1 184), he was dismissed from the army in October, and was called to Beijing as the right lang of Shangshu, and later as the foreign lang of the official department. In May of 12th year, he wrote letters to discuss current affairs, except the official department minister, both at home and abroad. Wang Huai, the prime minister of Sai Xiang, asked "What is the prime minister's top priority", and Yang Wanli answered with "Talent's top priority", and listed the books recommending Jinshi, and recommended 60 people including Zhu Jiao, all of whom were upright people. Filial piety encouraged him to study for the prince, who wrote the word "Chengzhai". In the thirteenth year of Xichun, he was transferred to the Privy Council to inspect the detailed palace. He has served as a right doctor and a left doctor in Shangshu Province, and still serves as an attendant in the East Palace. 14 years 10 months as a supervisor. /kloc-in March of 0/5, Xiaozong accepted the advice of Hong Mai, a bachelor of Hanlin, and suggested that Lv Yihao and others go to the Gaozong Temple to worship. Yang Wanli won the cooperation of Zhang Jun, the main battle star, and accused Hong Mai of being inattentive and arbitrary, which was tantamount to "pointing the deer at the horse" and annoyed Xiaozong: "Why is Wan Li dominated by the alliance?" Therefore, the secret pavilion was broken, and Zhisi Prefecture (now Gao 'an, Jiangxi) was known. In February of 16th year (AD 1 189), Guangzong accepted Zen. Yang Wanli returned to the Secret Pavilion in May, was called in August and went to Beijing in September. He wrote three letters in succession, asking Guangzong to take care of talents and prevent adulterers from "being diligent for one day, frugal for two days, taking three days off, imprisoned for one day, approaching a gentleman for five days, and telling the truth" (the third letter). In October, except for the secretary. Because of the change of yuan, he borrowed a bachelor's degree from Huan, accompanied by Jin Guohe, and also recorded the court examiner. In August of Shao Xiyuan (A.D. 1 190), the calendar of Xiaozong was completed. Traditionally, Yang Wanli, the secretary-in-charge, prefaces the calendar, while the minister asks others. Yang Wanli then robbed himself and asked to leave his post, and Guangzong retained it. Then, because he wanted to enter the book Zheng Sheng by Xiao Zong, the minister took him as an official, but Xiao Zong was still nostalgic and unhappy, so he went out to Jiangdong to be an agreement. In the second year of Shao Xi (A.D. 1 192), the court ordered the implementation of the Tieqian Society in the counties in the south of the Yangtze River. Yang Wanli wrote a letter to remonstrate, refused to obey the imperial edict and offended the minister, thus changing his understanding of Ganzhou. I didn't go. I took a sick leave in August and went back to Jishui. "If a sick crane comes out of the cage, it's like throwing a rabbit into the forest ... and then it's hidden from the world (Answer to Shen Zishou). In the first year of the Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1 195), Ning Zong was called to Beijing, but Yang Wanli refused to go. In September, I was promoted to the cabinet and then to Xingguo Palace. In the first month of four years, Jishui County was founded with 500 households in the food city. In March of five years, he was promoted to be an official in Baowenge. In 20061February, he became the founder of Jishui County. In August of Jiatai's third year (A.D. 1203), he was admitted to Mo Bao Pavilion and given clothes. In the first month of four years, when Luling County was founded, 300 food cities were added. In the first year of Jubilee (AD 1205), he was called to Beijing and resigned. In February 2002, he was promoted to bachelor's degree in Mo Bao Pavilion. Yang Wanli vowed not to be an official in his later years. It is said that he is dissatisfied with the powerful minister Han Biaozhou. Zhu Hannan Garden asked him to be a "keeper". He said, "Officials can be abolished, but you can remember them!" Resolutely refuse. Later, because of Korea's expertise in Japan, he was worried and angry, and soon became ill. His family knew that he was very concerned about the country, so they were afraid to tell him all the current political news. On May 7th, the second year of Jubilee (A.D. 1206), a son and nephew came from outside, and they didn't know they were lazy. So when talking about the news that Han Biaozhou sent troops to Dibao for the Northern Expedition, Yang Wanli burst into tears and sighed angrily: "The traitor is wrong, as for this!" He knew that Han Shuzhou's lucky move would inevitably lead to failure and endanger the country, and he stayed up all night that night. The next morning, he refused to eat again. He sat in his study and pulled out a piece of calligraphy, saying, "The treacherous court official of Hantuo Prefecture monopolized the Yuan Dynasty, mobilized troops to harm the people and begged for the country in danger." With such a head, I have no choice but loneliness and anger! "Don't 14 say goodbye to your wife and children, and the pen has dropped. When I was 80. To Wen Yi Festival, posthumously to Dr. Guanglu. Yang Wanli is a passionate patriot and a sober politician. Throughout his life, he advocated the war of resistance and always opposed kneeling for peace. In many "books", "strategies" and "miscellaneous things" written by the emperor, he lamented Chen Jiazhi's illness many times and tried his best to avoid the mistake of surrender. His patriotism was beyond words. In the face of the ruin of the Central Plains and the fact that only half of the country is left, he pointedly pointed out: "Those who are the country of the world must not forget their enemies, and the worries of the world are even worse!" ("thousand concerns? "On the National Conditions" warns the rulers to always remember to be prepared to defend the enemy, seek the enemy and defend the enemy to win. He not only boldly criticized Xiaozong's defeat after the separation, "the courage of the day before yesterday became timid, and the sharpness of the day before yesterday became dull" (ibid., Jundao), but also resolutely opposed some people's easy-to-use soldiers and blind rashness, and advocated "keeping and taking it" ("asking Chen Ying for a book"), striving for progress steadily, consolidating national strength first and then trying to recover, in order to finally win. He attached importance to and sympathized with the people, saying, "The people are the destiny of the country, but officials are also enemies." ("thousands of considerations? Civil affairs) links the fate of the country with the people, and denouncing officials will only crush the people and arouse their hatred, anger and resistance. Therefore, he reminded Guangzong to save money, collect wealth, win the hearts of the people, make the people rich, and then make the country peaceful and rejuvenate. This Q shows Yang Wanli's profound knowledge and progressive thought. Yang Wanli is a straightforward person with a fresh personality. Xiaozong dismissed him as "not in the law", while Guangzong called him "also full of temperament" (Volume 4 of Helu). He was upright in the court, daring to speak out when something happened, criticizing the current abuses and being reckless, so he was never of great use. In fact, he regarded the official wealth as our exhibition all his life and spurned it anytime and anywhere. When I was in Beijing Palace, I prepared my way home from Hangzhou in advance, locked it in a box and hid it in my bedroom, and forbade my family not to buy anything, so as not to be overloaded with luggage once I left my job and returned to my hometown, so I would "urge them to clean up every day". This is in stark contrast to those who struggle for promotion and suffer from loss. Yang Wanli is an honest official, not disturbing the people, not greedy for money and things. When the Jiangdong transshipment agreement expires, he should still have more than 10 thousand yuan. He left it all in the official library and came back penniless. Retreat above Nanxi, in the area of my old house, just to avoid the wind and rain. Ji Xu (A.D.1162-1214), a poet at that time, praised him for being "clear as water, and poor only with gold" (voting for Yang Chengzhai), which is a true portrayal of his poor life. Yang Wanli's poems had a great influence at that time: "Who is the master in today's poetry world, Cheng Zhai's poetry method is being implemented." (Jiang Teli's "Xie Yangcheng Zhai President's Sentence") "The four seas become Zhai to dominate the poetry world." (Xiang Anshi's "Two Poems with Rhyme") His poetry creation has gone through a road from learning from others to learning from many teachers, and then facing reality and learning from nature. He started as a Jiangxi Poetry School at first, and then set himself on fire in Lingling in 32 years in Shaoxing, writing as few as a thousand poems, determined to jump out of the trap of Jiangxi Poetry School, and his poetic style changed greatly. Later, he learned Chen Shidao's five-character method; Learn Wang Anshi's seven-character quatrains again; And learn the quatrains of the Tang Dynasty; When it came to the "Poetry Talk of the Hundred Days of 1898", the Tang people politely declined, but Wang, Chen and Jiangxi were afraid to learn, and then enjoyed it. "Since then," Vientiane has come to offer poems ","The former has not been done, and the latter has been forced, so it is difficult to write poems "(Preface to Jingxi Collection). Yang Wanli learned extensively from his predecessors, but he never stood still, but was determined to surpass him. He said, "I didn't know there were predecessors in the pen. ""I'm ashamed of myself, "he added." Writers have their own romantic feelings. Huang (Tingjian) and Chen (Shidao) rest under the fence, while Tao Yuanming and Xie (Lingyun) stand out from the crowd before leaving. (Postscript "Xu Gongzhong's Poems Visiting His Relatives in the Near Province") It is with this pioneering and innovative spirit that he refuses to rely on others' backs and follows suit that he finally "takes off all his fur and expresses his thoughts alone" (,Wu Zhizhen and Wu Songci), forming his own style of poetry and creating his "truth rate". Yang Wanli's poems are eclectic, varied and varied. His "sincere style" poems are characterized by novelty, strangeness, liveliness, fun and humor, and "the beauty of circulation is round" (Liu Kezhuang's Preface to Jiangxi Poetry School? General preface ")," lively thorn in the bottom "(Liu Qi's" Gui "Volume 8), especially praised. Take a nap in early summer, for example: "Plum teeth are sore, and bananas divide the screens. I slept for a long time and thought mercilessly, watching children catch willow branches. " It is very emotional and called "outside the heart" (Volume 4 of He Lu). Another example is playing with a pen, watching it on the beach of Hengshan Mountain and playing it on D on a summer night, all of which are ingenious, thoughtful and have a strong artistic appeal. Yang Wanli paid great attention to the advantages of learning folk songs and absorbed many lively poems of colloquial people. He often "pretends proverbs and enters from the mouth" (Jiang Hongxiang's Tang poems), thus forming a popular, simple, natural and vivid language feature. Yang Wanli is a patriot. He cared about the fate of the country all his life and left a lot of poems to express his patriotic feelings and worries of the times. In particular, when he was accompanied by He, the ambassador of the State of Jin, he saw with his own eyes the splendid rivers and mountains of the Song Dynasty and the adherents of the Central Plains who perished in the State of Jin, and his heart was full of great shame and indignation at the national subjugation, so his patriotic poetry creation was the most concentrated and intense. For example, the famous quatrains on the fourth day of the Huaihe River: "The ship is far from Hongze Beach, and people are not happy to go to the Huaihe River. Why do you say that the frontier boundary is calculated by distant rivers, and the boundary north of Huaihe River is the end of the day! (1) "It's hard to talk with the waves when ships on both sides of the strait go against the tide. Only the gull warbler is free, flying from the north to the south "(3) sang the common feelings of patriots and the broad masses of the people in the disaster. For another example, when he saw that the Golden Hill Tunhaige had become a special place to make tea for the gold ambassador, he uttered a cry of pain: "The great river is a shame to others! The sadness of Jinshan section to others! " Whipping brought humiliation and incompetence to the small court in the Southern Song Dynasty. In addition, such as The First Mountain in the Southeast of the Fetal Army, Reading Your Guilt, So Shao Shi's Poems of Zhang Weigong, Yu Zexiang's Poems, Su Mu Niu Qin Ting's Taishi Fenan, etc. , or reposing the thoughts of home and country, or calling for the resumption of the Anti-Japanese War, or praising the generals who resisted gold, or satirizing traitors and traitors, are all masterpieces that directly express patriotic thoughts. Most of Yang Wanli's patriotic poems are not as bold and straightforward as Lu You's, but they suppress the pride in his chest and condense thousands of layers of molten pulp underground, and most of them are written in a deep and gloomy way. For example, "Crossing the Yangtze River": "Bring a bottle to draw water from the heart of the river, and try to make tea first." On the surface, it seems to be the pleasure of drinking water and frying tea by yourself, but in fact it contains deep and painful feelings of shame and indignation, which must be appreciated by climbing Jinshan with reference to snow and fog. Yang Wanli himself said: "whoever says he is a hacker at the moon meal will be worried." Many of his lyric works about scenery and mountains and moons are also poems about patriotic feelings. For example, two poems on the Zhang Yu River on the night of September 15, a close look at the two quatrains that lack Guangxi University in the north and Maonan nationality in the south, without the help of the ancients, the quatrains that drink fruit under the moon, and jathyapple in Zaowan are full of twists and turns, which are meaningful and contain deep depression and resentment for the destruction of the country and the failure of the Central Plains. In his later years, he had a painful self-narrative in Reading Poems at Night: "Two windows and two horizontal volumes, one reading and one touching; Only in the middle of the night is it known to the eternal heart. " The profound meaning contained in his poems is worthy of careful chewing by future generations. "If my fingers don't touch mud, my hair cone will be proud?" Yang Wanli did not pretend to be a scholar-bureaucrat. He loved the countryside all his life, sympathized with farmers and wrote many poems reflecting farmers' lives. For example, compassion for farmers, peasant sighs, autumn rain sighs, compassion for drought, Du Baisha bamboo school songs and so on. Describe the hardships and sufferings of farmers' labor, 1: songs and dances of the four seasons, songs of transplanting rice seedlings, etc. Describe the pain and joy of farmers' labor, and watch the rain and have fun after entering the city. Yang Wanli is knowledgeable and diligent in writing, and has written a lot in his life. According to legend, there are more than 20,000 poems, more than 4,200 existing poems and many excellent essays. Cheng Zhai Ji (volume 133) was compiled by his eldest son Yang Chang in the first year of Jiading (A.D. 1208). Yang Changkun (A.D. 1 157- 1236), whose real name is Bozi, whose real name is Dongshan, was named Nong Pu, the ambassador of Fujian Anfu, and Fu Xueshi. He lives in the festival of association, and he is well-informed, knowledgeable and writes well. Zhao Jun's complaints about sleeping in the early summer show his kindness. He sent Lin Zifang's small pool to sleep in the new city store and Duan's four quatrains of Zuo Zanghui in the early summer. He went to Huling to see the tricks, and then read "Sichuan Chun Qing Huaigu Garden Haitang" and read "Good Things to Return/Return to Yangcun" to send Lu Wuguan's female horn injury in the Spring Festival Evening, and Wuling Chun's rest in the early summer.