In the modern history of China, the Yu family in Deqing is a famous cultural family in the south of the Yangtze River. Yu Yue, Yu Biyun and Yu Pingbo have been praised for their academic and literary achievements. Yu Yue (182 1 ~ 1907), a key figure in the rise of the Yu family, was a scholar of Daoguang for thirty years (1850) and was edited by imperial academy. Xianfeng was released to Henan to study politics in the fifth year (1855), and was appointed as an imperial minister Cao Ze (. Yu Yue's official career is only three years, but his ambition of Lingyun has not been realized. However, he left us nearly 500 volumes of Complete Works of Tang Chun, and other books, such as Qunjing and Zhuzi, established Yu Yue's position as a master of park studies in the late Qing Dynasty. Yu Yue has given lectures in Suzhou Ziyang Academy, Shanghai Qiu Zhi Academy, Shanghai Jingjing Club and Gui 'an Longhu Academy. And give lectures in Hangzhou Jingshe for 3 1 year. His disciples are Xu Qi, Zhang Taiyan and Wu Changshuo. "In his later years, his footprints were not in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and his reputation spread far and wide, as far as Japan, and some scribes came to practice." Yu Yue was widely admired and admired in modern Japan. The Japanese not only compared him with Li Hongzhang, an important official in the late Qing Dynasty, but even regarded him as their mentor Zeng Guofan. And "until today, Yu Yue's name is almost unknown in Japanese literature". Yu Yue's grandson Yu Biyun (1868 ~ 1950) was awarded the third place in Tanhua Collection in the 24th year of Guangxu (1898). Since the Qing Dynasty, Deqing has been ranked second in the top scholar list, except for no flowers. Yu Biyun has completed the three tripod armour, and Yu Yue said, "My grandson is short of it, like a tripod. As a result, the population in the city was ordered to take Nan Daiyu "("Qu Yuan's self-reported poem "). In 28 years, he served as an assistant examiner in Sichuan, and in the second year, he was re-examined at the Special Economics Office, ranking first. In the first year of the Republic of China (19 12), Yu Biyun was appointed as the supervisor of Zhejiang Library, and in the third year (19 14), he was hired as the assistant editor of the Qing History Museum, and served as the editor of "Military Records" and "Biography" of the Draft of Qing History. Yu Biyun was personally educated by his grandfather Yu Yue, and the book Qu Yuan Sun Cao was written by Yu Yue for Yu Biyun. Yu Biyun has made great achievements in literature and calligraphy, especially in poetry. He is the author of Xiao Zhu Ting Yin Cao, Yueqing Ci and Shu? Shi Hua, A Brief Introduction to Poetic Circumstances, Continuation of Poetic Circumstances, Selected Interpretation of Song Poems in Tang and Five Dynasties. Two books, A Brief Introduction to Poetic Realm, Continued Edition and Selected Poems of Tang, Five Dynasties and Two Song Dynasties, are two distinctive anthologies of Tang poetry and Song poetry, with brilliant explanations and great contributions, which are still loved by beginners. Yu Pingbo (1900 ~ 1990), the son of Yu Biyun and the great-grandson of Yu Yue, entered Peiping University in 19 15, and taught in yenching university, Tsinghua University, Peking University, Peiping University and Zhonghua College successively after graduation. He is not only "deeply accomplished in old words and songs, but also the first person to advocate new style poetry." "Winter Night and Returning to the West are two episodes, which are popular in early vernacular poetry. In addition to literary creation, Yu Pingbo has also made great achievements in academics. Yu Pingbo's study of classical literature begins with novels. There are many articles about novels in his prose collection, such as Talking about China's novels, Talking about the existence of the seventy chapters of the Water Margin, Romance of the Three Kingdoms and Shi Mao and his son. Following Hu Shi's textual research on A Dream of Red Mansions, Yu Pingbo published A Dream of Red Mansions (first edition 1923, renamed as A Dream of Red Mansions in the early 1950s), which is one of the representative works of the "New Dream of Red Mansions". After that, he continued to study A Dream of Red Mansions all his life. Yu Pingbo's position in the history of modern literature is obvious to all. The Yu family is not only exemplary and gentle academically, but also admirable, that is, the couple respect each other as guests and have deep feelings for each other. In the seventh year of Daoguang (1827), Yu Yue was seven years old and proposed to his fourth daughter, Uncle Ping Quan. In the 19th year of Daoguang (1839), Yu Yue married his younger sister Yao, and wrote a poem saying, "Make up the poem in a little spring, but don't be disappointed before the autumn wind. But if you are a good wife, why not climb Guangxi this year and slow down? "Joy is beyond words. After the marriage, the husband and wife lived alone and had deep feelings. There is a Quchi in the Quyuan, and there is a small floating plum threshold in the Quchi. "Only two people are allowed to have heart-to-heart". In summer, Yu Yue and Mrs Yao sat inside gossiping about the past and the present, going in and out of poetry and history novels. The gossip about Xiao Fumei is the result of their summer chat. Although the words in Fu Xiaomei's Gossip are boring, through these words, we can see that the affection between Yu Yue and Mrs. Yao is profound. Although Yu Yue became famous at home and abroad, his family suffered from separation in that era of frequent wars and social unrest. In volume 2 of Ci Record of Chunzaitang, Yu Yue mentioned that he moved to Linping Town at the age of four. "At the age of four, he will move to Jingling, move to an official position and go to war. "Forty-nine years now, I have moved 31 times, and the flat stalk has fallen, and there is still no fixed place." While Mrs Yao and Yu Yue drifted around, sharing weal and woe. "We have lived together for 40 years, and this year we are 60 flat heads. There are not many birthday days, but it is not for two days. " "I cook a few meters every day, and I call a little maid to help me manage it. I have been born in Baimen so far, and I have seen the hardships of the past. " "The Pentagon was lovely, and it was an eventful time for me. I'm tired of fasting at noon since I prayed for good luck to Chen Cong. " (Prozac) After Mrs. Yao's death, Yu Yue missed her in every way, and wrote down one hundred poems of Prozac (Volume 41 of Lou Yu Miscellany) with grief, taking the meaning of Yuan Zhen as "but not as people who have been poor together know". The poem recalls Mrs Yao's sharing of joys and sorrows with herself and with them all her life. The feelings of yearning and sadness are beyond words: "Never mourn the death of the empty curtain, and meet in the ground before it is too late." And "The Diamond Sutra in calligraphy is a blessing to my wife" (Record of Spring Day in the Hall). The death of Mrs Yao dealt a great blow to Yu Yue. After Mrs Yao was buried in Youtai Fairy Hall, Yu Yue was born on his left, and built a house next to it, called Youtai Fairy Hall, in memory of Mrs Yao. "Mrs Yao's death, I am deeply concerned, but I was surprised to see it. Although I must have a dream every night, it's just the so-called Mengmeng's ear in the Book of Rites, not the dream of her soul (Notes of Youtaixiantang 1236). Yu Yue never married a concubine, and Mrs. Yao never remarried after her death. Judging from Yu Yue's time and status, this is quite rare. After the death of Yuan Zhen's original wife, Wei Huicong, "However, I can see the lifelong troubles in your brow with my eyes open for one night" (the third of three mourning poems) vowed not to marry again, but remarried soon. Yu Yue, by contrast, can be said to be a true man with compassion. Peng, the unexpected wife of Yu Biyun, is the eldest daughter of Senior Minister of State. She is very talented, good at calligraphy, filial and virtuous. In the third year of Guangxu (1877), Peng Yulin raised the West Lake, and the fish jumped into the clouds, which was very happy. In the same year, Le Shao Zhong acted as a matchmaker and hired him. Later, due to the death of Mrs Yao, Yu Yue was listless and sickly. He is very eager for his grandson to get married as soon as possible, so he has repeatedly asked Gong Peng to get married as soon as possible. At Yu Yue's urging, Gong Peng agreed. In the seventh year of Guangxu (188 1), they got married, but they didn't consummate their marriage. Biyun is thirteen, and Peng's big Biyun is two. "Before the church, the length was slightly longer, and relatives and friends saw it and thought it was a story." After the marriage, Peng immediately returned to live in Hunan and officially got married in 2003. According to Yu Pingbo's son Yu Runmin's book, when they first got married, they often played like children in the boudoir. "The boudoir is congenial, the boudoir is quiet and good, and there is no filth at all." Bi Yunben was Yu Yue's second son, Zurenzi, but his eldest son died childless, so he became a young queen. Peng's relationship with his second aunt won the favor of his second aunt and kept things in order at home. Peng gave birth to two daughters, who were unable to have children because of illness, and wanted to buy a concubine for them. Yun Yun was very unhappy, so he bought a concubine with his own money (Biography of Sun Fupeng, Essays on Tang Chun, volume 3, volume 5). But the beauty was unlucky. Peng died in the 20th year of Guangxu (1894). Peng's family was buried in the cemetery at the foot of Youtai Mountain. On the second day after burial, Yu Biyun sat in front of the tomb in the wind and rain, and wrote a poem: "Huawu Mountain is now, and jade is buried deep. Sequoia trees sell whiskers in spring, and cuckoos ring in the dark and autumn. Here I put up with the theory of no ghosts, in the final analysis, it is to meet sentient beings. I am still waiting for a while, and I am looking forward to next year. " In June 65438 +065438+ the following year 10, Yu Yue continued to marry Thassapak Hsu, the sixth daughter of her second daughter Xiusun (that is, Yu Pingbo's biological mother). After his wife Peng died, Yu Biyun wrote a mourning poem "Royal Guards". The preface said, "There is no sorrow and joy, Hu Dajing, the fence is shady, the gentleman is beside the golden harp string, and Qiong Jiu is behind me." I recalled Peng's life and her own grief. When Peng was seriously ill, Yu Biyun wrote "Notes on the Sick Bed" to save his feelings: "A woman is ill for a long time, and everyone can't live without it. I am wise, saying that life must be well matched. I am sick, but I am dead. When I was sick, I couldn't stand the thought that my man would die and my emotional language would die with him. There are five days every ten days for "Notes on the Sick Bed". Now I record it as a book and say it is a poem. Heaven urged him to live and Yu Yong loved it. Love can't compete with life, and life can't take the rest. " There is a saying in the volume "Love Poems": "The days of love do not need to be supplemented by the emperor, but the poems of love are preserved forever. Love comes with poems and essays, and flowers miss each other. Poetry is innate, and love is an innate knot. Poetry will not die if it is sincere, and infinite love will not die if it is not withered. Poetry is rooted in emotion and pursues the soul in the yellow land; Love takes poetry as its wing, and the sky is covered with pure desolation. " In the twenty years of Guangxu, Yu Biyun's true feelings for his wife can be seen from such a strong family cry. Yu Pingbo's wife, Xu Baoxun, is the niece of Yu Pingbo's biological mother, Xu Zhixian, and went to South Korea as the father of Incheon Consul. After returning to China, I once lived in Suzhou, and often went to play with Yu's family and Yu Pingbo's brother and sister, which can be described as childhood friends. They got married in Beijing on 19 17. Yu Pingbo is eighteen, and Xu Baoxun is four years older than him. Xu Baoxun, born in a noble family, can play chess, calligraphy, painting, singing Kunqu opera and making music. Self-taught meticulous painting after middle age, versatile, gentle and virtuous. After marriage, husband and wife have deep feelings. From one of Yu Pingbo's diaries, we can see the sweetness of their wedding: "When I took the early train to Beijing, Mrs. Huan (Yu) saw me off in front of the building, thinking that the car shop was far away and still leaned against the railing. Dare not look back, but hurry. " Yu Pingbo and his wife are like-minded, and often talk with poetry. Moreover, Xu Baoxun often copied Yu Pingbo's works, and the two of them cooperated tacitly. 1922, Yu Pingbo's first new collection of poems, Winter Night, was copied twice by his wife. Yu Pingbo thanked me in Introduction to Winter Night: "I owe Chang Huanjun twice to help me copy the manuscript, which I should also thank." Yu Pingbo also recalled many times in his prose that the life of himself and his wife was sweet. /kloc-in the spring of 0/935, Mr. and Mrs. Yu Pingbo became members of Kunqu Gu Yin Society. 1956 Beijing Kunqu Opera Research Association was established, with Yu Pingbo as the chairman. In his spare time, Yu Pingbo writes lyrics, Xu Baoxun composes music and sings according to Kunqu Opera, which is a perfect match. Ten years of turmoil broke the quiet life of Yu Pingbo and his wife. They sang poems and enjoyed each other. 1at the end of 969, Yu Pingbo, then 70 years old, was sent to Henan cadre school with the Institute of Literature of the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Xu Baoxun, who has cared for each other for fifty-two years, decided to accompany him, which is a great comfort to Yu Pingbo who has suffered for a long time. In the days when the peasants stayed in Henan Cadre School, the couple "got along day and night, and Pisces was dry and warm." It is common to burn wood and pump water, and it is discussed in autumn windows. "197 1 At the beginning of the year, under the care of Premier Zhou Enlai, the couple were able to return to Beijing in advance. Xu Baoxun and Yu Pingbo shared joys and sorrows, but they never left and shared joys and sorrows. 1977, on the occasion of their 60th wedding anniversary, Yu Pingbo wrote one hundred seven-character poems "The Song of Reunion Flowers and Candles", which included the couple's experience of "caring for each other for 60 years" and "The joys and sorrows are illusory, and the loneliness is still entertaining the old. "1982, Xu Baoxun unfortunately left Yu Pingbo first. It goes without saying that Yu Pingbo suddenly lost his companion who shared weal and woe. Like his great-grandfather and father, he also used poetry to express his grief. " It's been more than a hundred days since my mourning, and my grief is about to be written. "Within two months after his wife's death, he wrote a mourning poem" Half Curtain Moaning ". From the mourning poems he wrote, we can see his nostalgia and sadness for his dead wife, such as "Scared Eleven Days": "You can't tell the difference between morning and evening. If you care who you want to talk to, you know that people have left. "There is a saying in" Continuing Pan Yue's Mourning Poems ":'When you are old, you can go on strike. Stay with me all my life, as silent as you. From then on, he stopped writing poems and inscriptions for his friends. Even though it was difficult, he wrote the words kindly, and he no longer stamped the red seal to show his memory of his wife. From the three generations of the Yu family, we not only see the continuation of tenderness, but also see their husband and wife's loyalty to their feelings, from the poems in Hundred Mournings to the Gorgeous Room to the Half Curtain Moaning, from It's not too late to meet in the underground to Looking forward to the old with one heart and then to Silence like your husband. We were shocked by their true feelings about their wives' life and death. The mourning poems of the three generations of Yu can be described as a story in the literary world, which makes people gasp in admiration. (Xie) According to