1. Golden Beast Head Agate Cup The Golden Beast Head Agate Cup, a wine vessel of the Tang Dynasty, is a national treasure. It is the most precious cultural relic stored in hejia village in the cultural relics exhibition of the Tang Dynasty. It is15.5cm long and 5.9cm in diameter. 1970 was unearthed in hejia village, the southern suburb of Xi. It is the first batch of cultural relics forbidden to go abroad for exhibitions in China, and it is also a treasure of Shaanxi History Museum. The animal head agate cup is made of silk-wrapped agate, a rare jade material in the world. The small end of the jade carving gives people a lifelike animal head, with round eyes and intense spirits. There are two curved antelope horns on the animal's head connected with the cup, which is strong and powerful. The mouth of the animal head is inlaid with gold and used as a cup stopper. The animal head agate cup is vivid and full of artistic appeal. From material selection, design to technology, it can be called the fine jade carving art in Tang Dynasty. It is the only exquisite jade carving seen so far, the most exquisite jade carving in the Tang Dynasty, and the product of cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries in the Tang Dynasty.
In addition, Shaanxi History Museum has more than 6.5438+0.70 million cultural relics, ranging from simple stone tools used in the early days of ancient humans to various artifacts in social life before 654.38+0.840 years, spanning more than one million years. So the museum keeps saying, "Give me a day and give you back 10,000 years". Shaanxi History Museum has three exhibition areas, from Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties to Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, from exquisite Shang and Zhou bronzes to China's unique Han and Tang gold and silver wares, as well as various ancient pottery figurines and unparalleled murals of Tang tombs.
2. Dingding, a cultural relic of the early Western Zhou Dynasty, was unearthed in Yang Jiacun, Meixian County, Shaanxi Province on 1972. It is 77 cm high and 56.5 cm in diameter. Belly drum, mouth folding, side folding, ears standing, column feet, vertical leaves along the bottom and feet, and gluttonous patterns. A total of four lines and 28 characters were cast on the inner wall of _ Ding, to the effect that at the beginning of August of a certain year, Wang Jiang recovered the land originally given to Shichang and presented it to _ _ as a souvenir of this Ding. The inscription reflects that "all over the world, is it the land of kings?" The form of land possession system that leads to land is the physical data to study the land system in the Western Zhou Dynasty. . The king is the highest landowner. He can hand over the land and the people who cultivate it to his subordinates at will, and he also has the right to take back the land. His bannermen only have the right to use the land given by the king, but have no ownership. According to the shape and inscription of _ Ding, it is known that _ Ding is an artifact in the early Western Zhou Dynasty, which is of special significance to the study of ancient history. To a large extent, it comes from inscriptions that supplement and prove history.
3. Five sacrifices to Ding Wei and Ding Wei on the Western Friday, with a total height of 36.5 cm, a diameter of 34.3 cm, a belly depth of 19.5 cm and a weight of1.5 kg, were unearthed in dongjiacun, Qishan County in 1975. The ears are three columns, the flat edges are folded outwards, and the lower abdomen is inclined outwards. There is a thick layer of smoke on the outer bottom of the tripod, and the inscription 19 lines and 207 words are cast on the inner wall of the abdomen, and the lower edge of the mouth is decorated with fine thunder patterns, which records a breach of contract caused by land compensation between Wei and Bang. It plays an important role in studying the legal situation in the Western Zhou Dynasty. The inscription in Dingzhong reflects that in the middle of the Western Zhou Dynasty, some land was actually privately owned, but the transfer of land still had to go through the ministers of the dynasty, indicating that the nobles had acquiesced in the disposal of land in the system. It is the first-hand material to study the social economy and land system in the mid-Western Zhou Dynasty, which is of great scientific value to historians and jurists.
4. There are many Ding in the Western Zhou Dynasty, which are cultural relics in the late Western Zhou Dynasty, with a height of 5 1.5 cm and a diameter of 50 cm. Unearthed in Xiaquan Village, Chang 'an County, Shaanxi Province 1980. Ding was an actor in the Western Period. There are 22 lines and 279 words inscribed on the inner wall of the abdomen, which records a war against the emperor's aggression in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Its inscription is an important ancient document, which has important scientific value for studying the history of Xiongnu and the political, economic, military and ethnic relations of the society at that time. The inscription is simple in structure and beautiful in handwriting, and it is also an important chapter in the history of calligraphy art in China.
5. The Queen's Seal of the Western Han Dynasty, 2 cm high, 2.8 cm long and weighing 33 grams, was carved with white jade from sheep fat in Hetian, Xinjiang. Unearthed at Langjiagou, Hanjiawan Township, Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province 1968. Jade color is pure and flawless, glittering and translucent and moist. Jade is hard and dense, without any soaking phenomenon. The printed body is square, and the buttons are high relief crouching tiger. Tiger tiger has a fierce image, vigorous posture, strong limbs, wide and round eyes, rhinoplasty, square lips, open mouth and bared teeth, hunched ears, tail hidden in moire, thick curve carved on the back that swings with the body, and six upper teeth carved in the shade. Tigers come out from under their bellies and wear holes so that they can wear lace. The four sides of the stamp table are all rectangular, and a rectangular shadow frame is carved. Four moire patterns are carved in the frame, which are upside down, and each moire pattern is connected with the frame with double vertical lines. Part of cinnabar remains in the sulcus of vulva. The front of the seal is engraved with the words "Queen's Seal". The font structure is rigorous and generous, and the strokes are even. The skill of carving technology is rare. The Nine Meanings of Hanshu contains: "Queen's Imperial Seal, Emperor Wentong, Queen's Seal, Jin Hu Button." This printing system and seal are in line with China's system. Because the location of this land is about 1km away from the Changling where Emperor Gaozu and Lv Hou were buried together, it is supposed to belong to Lv Hou, and it is the only physical data of the seal of the Empress of the Han Dynasty, which is very precious.
6. Han gilt silver copper bamboo joint fumigator, 58 cm high, 9 cm in diameter, with a bottom diameter of 13.3 cm and a weight of 2.57 kg, 198 1 year, Maoling, Xingping County, Shaanxi Province. Its shape is high-handled, bamboo bean-shaped, covered like Boshan, gilded with gold and silver, and the chassis is carved with two dragons, both of which bear the belly of the tray with their heads. There are ten groups of triangles in the lower part of the abdomen of the tray, and there are faucets carved inside. Looking back, the dragon body was freed from the waves, with smooth lines and wonderful shapes. The word "Inner" is engraved on the outer side of the furnace cover. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty called "Yang Xin" and only his sister Yang Xin was named princess royal. Yangxin family belongs to Princess Yangxin, the sister of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. Originally it belonged to Weiyang Palace, but later it was given to Yangxin family.
7. Only two of the 8-piece set of Tang Gold Silver Pot Horse Cup/KLOC-0, a national treasure cultural relic of Shaanxi Provincial History Museum, have never been exhibited abroad, and one of them is the gold silver pot horse cup.
Gold-plated silver pot of horse-bit cup, 14.3 cm high. 1970 was unearthed in hejia village, Xi 'an. The shape of the pot is the hide shape of the nomadic people in northern China. The pot is oblate, with a vertical cylindrical opening at one end and a lid with lotus petals on it. The top of the pot is connected with an arched pot handle through a silver chain. This shape is not only convenient for riding and hunting, but also convenient for daily use, which shows the ingenuity of craftsmen in the Tang Dynasty in design. On both sides of the silver pot, a lean head and tail horse is shaped by relief technology. The steed on the pot is a famous dancing horse image in Tang Dynasty. According to Ming Taizu Miscellanies, Xuanzong once domesticated 400 dancing horses in the palace. At the beginning of August every year, on Xuanzong's birthday, he dressed these dancing horses in gorgeous clothes and danced to the beat of "pouring cups" to celebrate their birthdays. At the climax, he danced on the three-story wooden bed in Ma Yue, and sometimes asked the strong man to lift the bed and let the horse perform on it. Another poem describes the expression of the dancing horse after the performance: "Even the last banquet of the trophy, my head was drunk." The dancing horse image of this pot just matches the records in the book, and it is a very rare cultural relic.
8. Tang Quelou etiquette map (two groups) Quelou etiquette map, 296-420 cm high and 976-928 cm wide. 197 1 Unearthed from the tomb of Prince Yide in Gan County, Shaanxi Province. Li Zhongrun, Prince Yide, eldest son of Li Xian, Tang Zhongzong, grandson of Li Zhi and Wu Zetian. In the first year of Dazu (70 1), he was killed by Wu Zetian with a stick at the age of 19. After the restoration of Zhongzong, in the second year of Shenlong (706), Ganling was buried as a prince, and the mausoleum was renamed Mausoleum.
Palace maid figure, height 176 cm, width 196.5 cm. 1960 unearthed from the tomb of Princess Yongtai in Tang Dynasty in Gan County, Shaanxi Province. Painted on the south side of the east wall in front of the tomb. This painting is a national treasure. There are nine people in the picture. The first person combs his hair with a single knife, half turns into a bun, looks forward, puts his hands in front of his abdomen, and begins to move forward, which is luxurious and elegant. Then a man tied a bun and looked back as if he were saying something to someone else. The other seven ladies-in-waiting combed their hair into a semi-bun, a bun or a double bun, holding a bracket, a round fan, a wishful, a square box, a Gao Zubei, a dust blower, a bag and other things, and slowly came sideways. Among them, except for two men's robes, the other seven are all narrow sleeves and short shoulders, silks, red, yellow and green dresses, which are full of wishful thinking. The picture is vivid, as if it were a sleeping picture.
9. Ma Yongan Ma Qiutu Qiutu, height 229, width 688 cm. 197 1 was unearthed in the tomb of Prince Zhang Huai, Gan County, Shaanxi Province. This painting is on the west wall of the tomb. There are more than twenty figures on horseback, all wearing two-color narrow-sleeved robes, hoes and black boots. The mural highlights five riders with crescent sticks driving their horses to grab the ball. The first ride is a reflection, and the rest of the horses meet it. After 10, people rode horses, and walkers rode bordeaux horses, or ran in the mountains or galloped in the air. Stop wearing a green robe, red lapels, staring intently, without a club. The background is lined with rolling mountains, and five lonely ancient trees are dotted on the empty picture, corresponding to the ancient trees in the "trace map" of the east wall of the tomb. This picture is the earliest image data about polo.
10. The hunting travel map of Tang Dynasty is 100-200 cm high and 890 cm long. 197 1 was unearthed in the tomb of Li Xian, Ganxian County, Shaanxi Province. The original picture was taken several times, and the background of the picture is Qingshan pine forest. More than 40 hunters on horseback, armed with bows and arrows, flags or leopard whips, surrounded the owner's hunting ground vertically in the horse pond, and there were two camels behind the house. The composition is magnificent and magnificent. It is an excellent masterpiece in the murals of Tang tombs.
1 1. 12. Tang Yuanyang lotus petal pattern gold bowl (two pieces), 5.5 cm high, 13.7 cm in diameter and 6.7 cm in foot diameter. 1970 was unearthed in hejia village, the southern suburb of Xi. This bowl is shaped by hammering. Small mouth, round lips, bulging belly, flat bottom, trumpet feet. The vessel is covered with pearls and the abdomen is perforated with double lotus petals. In the upper lotus petals, there are mandarin ducks, parrots, geese, storks, deer, foxes, geese, rabbits, ducks and other rare birds and animals. The petals of the lotus below are carved with honeysuckle. Precious flowers are carved on the bottom of the bowl. Decorate the Fang Shengwen into a circle, carve a bird and a few floating clouds on the drum wing, and make the bottom with small couplets of beads. The inner wall of the bowl has the weight of "923" ink book (in fact, it is 92.5). Exquisite production and magnificent momentum. These two golden bowls, with smooth lotus petals, steady dual structure and gorgeous patterns, are typical artistic styles of the Tang Dynasty, which fully embodies the maturity of the decorative art of gold and silver vessels in the Tang Dynasty and are rare works of art; In a narrow space, it is an outstanding performance of the superb craftsmanship of gold and silver vessels in the Tang Dynasty to carve multi-level and high-density ornamentation in such a complicated, orderly, clear and accurate way.
13. The silver jar of Tang gilded parrot-embossed beam is 24.2cm high,12.4cm in diameter,14.3cm in foot diameter and1789g in weight ... 1970 unearthed in hejia village, the southern suburb of Xi. The silver jar has a short mouth and a trumpet-shaped belly. The movable hanging beam is inserted and welded in two gourd-shaped ears on the tank shoulder, and the bottom is a round foot. Weld a hoop at the joint of the foot and the tank. The cans are hammered with pure silver, with plain, caviar and gold-plated patterns. The hanging beam is decorated with a diamond pattern. Parrots are the main body of the tank, surrounded and decorated with broken branches, forming two groups of balanced circular parrots spreading their wings among the flowers, which are smart, lovely and lifelike. Decorated on both sides of the hanging beam groove respectively, and the rest of the blanks are decorated with a single branch. The parrot carved on the silver jar fluttered its wings and wanted to fly. It is fresh and full, just right with the round appearance and full flowers, giving people a feeling of wealth and celebration. It is the most exquisite and elegant silver jar in the Tang Dynasty. Through this kind of silver jar, we can not only appreciate the craft level of gold and silver wares in the Tang Dynasty, but also reflect the aesthetic fashion, life attitude and spiritual outlook of the Tang Dynasty.
14. The three-color camel figurines in Tang Dynasty are 58 cm high, 24.2 cm high, 12.4 cm in diameter and 14.3 cm in foot diameter. 1959 Tang tomb was unearthed in Niubao village in the western suburbs of Xi. The camel holds its head high and its hump is covered with an oval blanket. It has a platform covered with a diamond-shaped tassel blanket. There are seven musical figures and a singer. Musical figurines sit cross-legged, each holding a sheng, flute, pipa, clapper and other musical instruments. Singers stand among them, dancing with long sleeves and singing loudly.
15. Song Qing glazed beam watering pot Qing glazed beam watering pot, a national treasure, is one of the treasures of Shaanxi History Museum. 1968 was unearthed in Binxian County, Shaanxi Province, with a height of18.3cm, a belly diameter of14.3cm, a belly depth of12cm and a foot diameter of 8.7cm.. Produced by Yaozhou Kiln in the Five Dynasties (907~960). Unique modeling structure and exquisite conception. The decorative pot cover is persimmon-shaped, the hanging beam is a prostrate phoenix, and the spout is a lioness and a nursing kindergarten teacher. Because phoenix, lion and peony are the kings of birds and animals and flowers respectively, this utensil is also called "Three Kings Pot". This porcelain is made by the famous Yaozhou kiln carving process, with crystal clear glaze, gorgeous ornamentation, distinct layers, strong three-dimensional sense and great aesthetic feeling. The water inlet of the pot is in the center of the pot bottom, and the physical principle of "the liquid level in the container is connected to the same height" is applied in the internal design, which reflects the ingenuity of the craftsman. This pot has a low success rate and is a rare treasure in Yaozhou kiln utensils.
16 Song Black Glazed Oil Drop Bowl Black Glazed Oil Drop Bowl, 8.5cm high, 30cm in diameter and10.6cm in bottom diameter. Unearthed in Weinan, Shaanxi. The bowl has small feet, gray fetus and black glaze all over. The surface of oil layer is covered with small spots of different sizes, which is called metallic luster. These spots are like oil droplets floating on the water, so they are called "oil droplet glaze". Oil drop glaze is a special kind of glaze, which belongs to crystalline glaze. This is the largest of its kind ever.
17. Portrait of guest ambassador 184 cm.
The diameter is 342 cm. There are six characters in this painting. The first three were officials of Split Temple in the Tang Dynasty, all dressed in early Tang costumes and standing in a triangle. The last three, the first inference should be the envoy of the East Rome. One of them was determined to be Silla's envoy on the Korean peninsula. The last one should come from the _ _ ethnic group in the northeast of China. This painting not only has high artistic appreciation value, but also provides valuable information for studying the exchanges between China and foreign countries in the Tang Dynasty.
18, Palace Maid Picture "Palace Maid Picture" is a mural created anonymously in the Tang Dynasty, which was unearthed at 1960 in the tomb of Princess Yongtai in the Tang Dynasty in Gan County, Shaanxi Province. Painted on the south side of the east wall of the front room of Princess Yongtai's tomb in Tang Dynasty, with a total of 9 people. Height 176 cm, width 196.5 cm. The first person combs his hair with a single knife, half turns into a bun, looks forward, crosses his arms in front of his abdomen, and begins to move forward with his chest out, which is luxurious and elegant. Then a man tied a bun and looked back as if he were saying something to someone else. The other seven ladies-in-waiting combed their hair into a semi-bun, a bun or a double bun, holding a bracket, a round fan, a wishful, a square box, a Gao Zubei, a dust blower, a bag and other things, and slowly came sideways. Among them, except for two men's robes, the other seven are all narrow sleeves and short shoulders, silks, red, yellow and green dresses, which are full of wishful thinking. The picture is vivid, as if it were a sleeping picture.
Related information:
Eighteen National Treasures of Shaanxi History Museum:/Tour/115799.html.
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Hall 7 of Shaanxi History Museum:/Tour/115791.html.