Junchuan Farm was established under the personal command and care of General Wang Zhen.
General Wang Zhen visited Junchuan Farm twice in 1959 and 1962. The workers regard General Wang Zhen as a member of the farm and affectionately call him "our old king's head".
Do not seek personal privileges
General Wang Zhen often wears a shabby yellow military uniform and an ordinary blue coat. He has a thin face with a smile. He is approachable, affable and has no airs. Workers are willing to approach him and chat with him.
At first, I heard that General Wang Zhen was going to stay. The comrades in the canteen were worried: "What does a minister, General Samsung, eat?" At that time, the material conditions were poor, and Junchuan was far away from the city, so it was impossible to buy delicacies. In order to express the wishes of farm workers, the chefs in the canteen still tried their best to arrange recipes and prepared chicken, fish, meat and eggs. Unexpectedly, the general's secretary, Xiao Wang, specially asked the administrator in charge of life to say, "Don't ask for more rice, two dishes, one tofu and one cabbage."
"How can this work?"
"There are too many two grain ministers. You want more, and you can't just give back. I am going to be scolded. "
At dinner, Master Dong and Assistant Xu were very embarrassed. Knowing that comrades love dog meat, they specially served a plate. The minister didn't refuse, but turned around and told him that he would pay for the dog meat besides the food.
In the early 1960s, before building a guest house on the farm, Minister Wang Zhen slept in the dormitory like a worker. When he woke up in the morning, he happily said to his comrades who washed their faces, "I'm really tired, thank you very much." I haven't slept on the kang for many years. "
Minister Wang is strict with himself and is very concerned about the masses. He personally went to the hut where the workers lived to visit them, had a heart-to-heart talk with them and asked about their living conditions and whether the house was leaking. He told Captain J that we should pay more attention to the masses and let the workers live better and better.
Planting "experimental fields"
General Wang Zhen inspected Junchuan and encouraged the workers to build the Great Northern Wilderness into "big warehouse in the North".
In order to improve the standard operation level, increase crop yield and popularize new high-yield technical measures, General Wang Zhen established soybean experimental field. This land is located at No.8, north of JOE Hotel, which is called "high standard and high quality" production and training place by a team of employees. General Wang Zhen personally reviewed the technical measures, whether management or harvest, and strictly required intensive cultivation from spring sowing to autumn harvest; The 100-year experimental field has achieved a large-scale harvest, with the yield per mu reaching 40 1 kg, achieving high yield, thus promoting the whole field scientific farming work to a new level.
Take the "magpie bridge"
In 1960s, when General Wang Zhen visited Junchuan and talked with the reclamation team members, he asked them what difficulties they had in life. The reclamation team members said to General Wang Zhen, "The living conditions in the Great Northern Wilderness are hard, but we feel very fulfilled. It is the lack of a big girl, and catching mice is a man. " This sentence was originally a joke, but it was remembered by General Wang Zhen. He said that he must help the reclamation team solve their personal problems and let them all get married.
After General Wang Zhen returned to Beijing, he began to mobilize young urban women to build the frontier of the Great Northern Wilderness. More than 200 young women came to settle in Junchuan Farm in Harbin alone.
Since then, the history of more men and less women in Junchuan Farm has ended.
General Wang Zhen proposed to develop the Great Northern Wilderness.
"Great Northern Wilderness" refers to the vast land in Mishan, Hulin, Raohe, Baoqing and other counties in the northeast corner of Chinese territory, which has always been regarded as a vast wasteland. Rulers of past dynasties have issued "land reclamation orders" here to attract refugees to reclaim landless wasteland. However, the results are not great. The Great Northern Wilderness is still vast and sparsely populated, and villages are hard to find and inaccessible. It was not until the birth of New China that this chernozem, which was called by local villagers as "chopsticks can germinate when inserted", woke up and germinated with great vitality. 1in the spring of 958, 100,000 demobilized officers and men of the People's Liberation Army marched into the Great Northern Wilderness and settled in the frontier. They turned the wasteland full of hazel and wild animals into an important commodity grain base in the country.
The general directed a master plan.
The development of the Great Northern Wilderness began after the signing of the Korean Armistice Agreement in July 1953. Volunteers began to withdraw from the motherland in stages, the first five-year plan was announced and implemented, and the country entered a period of peaceful construction. Among them, General Wang Zhen, then commander of the Railway Corps and Minister of Land Reclamation, played an important role. He was the first person who proposed to develop the Great Northern Wilderness.
1At the end of May, 954, General Wang Zhen went to Heilongjiang to inspect the 8505 troops of the Railway Corps (the fifth division of the Railway Corps) and inspected some wasteland in Suihua and Jiamu. In the autumn of the same year, General Wang Zhen inspected Tangyuan Farm of the Fifth Division Command and inspected vegetables such as cabbage, tomato and eggplant produced by soldiers. A grand plan to develop and build the Great Northern Wilderness has sprouted. At the meeting of cadres above the company level held by the division headquarters, Wang Zhen pointed out: "It is necessary to run the farm well, share the worries for the country, and solve the problem of troops eating vegetables and meat. After your transition, some comrades will run state-owned farms, so we must make preparations now. " Under the command of General Wang Zhen, Yu Youqing, deputy commander of the fifth division, led more than 800 officers and men of the demobilization brigade and hundreds of reform-through-labour prisoners who participated in railway construction to set up their posts in Tiger Forest. 1955 on new year's day, the first state-owned military reclamation farm named after the railway soldiers-850 farm was established in Xilin xigang, Hulin. In that year, 850 Farm cultivated 250,000 mu, sowed 25,000 mu, built simple roads and built straw houses that could accommodate 1 10,000 people.
1on August 4th, 955, General Wang Zhen submitted a report on the Exploitation of the Great Northern Wilderness to the CPC Central Committee and the Central Military Commission, proposing to invest 1955-1957 to develop the wasteland in Mishan, Hulin and Raohe areas. In addition to providing grain to about 200,000 producers, their families and livestock, 2.5 billion Jin of commercial grain can be delivered. Wang Zhen's report was praised by Marshal Peng and General Huang Kecheng, then Chief of General Staff, and was quickly approved by the Central Committee. 1956 Spring, Mishan Railway Corps Land Reclamation Bureau was established. Then, Huang, the acting division commander of the Third Division of the Railway Corps, led his officers and men into Nanhenglinzi area of Baoqing County to form the 852 farm. Luo Peixing, deputy division commander of Guangdong Zhankou No.4 Division, and others founded the 854th Farm in Yingchun. The Eighth Five-Year Plan Farm was founded by the grandson of the Ninth Division ... Wang Zhen also transferred a group of cadres who knew business skills from Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps and state-owned local farms to strengthen the management of military reclamation farms. And put forward the "five sides" policy of "reclamation, production, construction, accumulation and expansion" By the end of 1957, a large number of military reclamation farms with the prefix of "eight" had begun to take shape, laying a solid foundation for further developing the Great Northern Wilderness and expanding military reclamation farms.
Macro-division 100,000 exhibition grand plan
From 65438 to 0958, the first five-year plan of China's national economic construction was successfully completed, and the second five-year plan just started. According to the domestic and international situation at that time, the central government decided to reduce a number of troops. On June 24th, 65438 10, the Central Military Commission issued the instruction of "mobilizing100000 demobilized officers and soldiers to participate in production and construction". On February 24, the cadre department of the General Political Department of the People's Liberation Army issued the Notice on Specific Matters Concerning the Transfer of Retired Cadres to State-owned Farms for Production and Construction.
According to the arrangement of the central authorities, since March this year, demobilized officers and men from various services and arms of the People's Liberation Army, including government agencies, field units, military academies, logistics units and military hospitals, have come to Beidahuang from all over the country (except Tibet and Xinjiang), including 7 reserve divisions, 4 reserve hospitals and 2 veterinary hospitals. The first division and the seventh division are two organizational divisions, even with weapons. In fact, the total number of personnel exceeds 8 1000. This was the news that was called "100,000 demobilized officers and men went to the Great Northern Wilderness" at that time.
Among these officers and men, there are the old Red Army who experienced the 25,000-mile Long March, national fighting heroes, and heroes who made meritorious deeds in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. If there is Hao, the deputy instructor of Huang Jiguang Company, there is Wu Pinqing, the chief of staff who personally commanded Qiu Company to capture 39 1 Highland; Zuo Shangxi, who insisted on the tunnel struggle for fourteen days and nights in Shangganling campaign, won the second class merit. In addition, there are a large number of military engineers and technicians, theoretical and military teachers. Regardless of personal fame and fortune, they sang "Give the party a red heart and the hero will be disarmed and go to the battlefield". They still marched into the Great Northern Wilderness like singing the battle song of defending our country and killing the enemy across the river.
According to Ding, then director of the Secretariat of the Ministry of Agriculture and then assistant to the Political Department of Harbin Military Industry, the atmosphere was very warm. A series of military vehicles entered Mishan Station one after another. Mishan, a small town with only more than 10 thousand people, is boiling, and every family is crowded with rooms. In the streets, people come and go, all officers and men in yellow uniforms. On April 13, a meeting of 10,000 people was held in Mishan Station Square to welcome the demobilized officers and men of the People's Liberation Army to March into the Great Northern Wilderness. On both sides of the rostrum of the conference, there are two striking slogans: "Mi Hu Baorao Li Xi Woye becomes fertile land; The hero at the foot of Wanda Mountain built his country and his home ",which is" hard work ". This was written by General Wang Zhen himself. Wang Zhenpei put on General Samsung's epaulettes and delivered a mobilization speech. The officers and men attending the meeting witnessed the elegant demeanor of the old general who fought many battles from Nanniwan to Beidahuang, and cheered like thunder.
Fight on black soil
The starting point of farm life is very difficult. Due to relocation, relocation and expansion, most branches and companies have no houses and no acres of land. It's all wasteland, where tigers and bears haunt and foxes and rabbits settle down. Everyone put down their backpacks, began to mow the grass, cut down tree strips, and chose a high ridge to support the shack. This kind of shack is extremely simple. Tie a few herringbone shelves with straw rope, then tie a cross arm and cover it with Leymus chinensis to keep out the wind and rain. Then spread thick grass inside and spread out the backpack. This is the place to stay. Some dependents also share a "nest" with a cloth tent in the middle, which is the dividing line between the two families.
Eating in some areas is also a problem. According to the regulations of the Central Military Commission, the rations of demobilized officers and soldiers in the first year are supplied by local authorities, and the supply standards are also in accordance with military standards. However, due to the remoteness of the area and inconvenient transportation, the food supplied could not be delivered for a while. Therefore, some farms have to organize manpower to transport rations from the state treasury hundreds of miles away. Some farms temporarily fill their hunger with raw grain and cook rice and wheat because they have no food processing equipment. Food and shelter are the same, and other daily necessities are extremely scarce. Matches, soap, lamps and candles, even toilet paper can't be bought. The working environment is a vast wasteland, full of thorns, Tatou Dianzi and swamps. The difficulty is really unbearable.
However, the officers and men did not bow in the face of difficulties. They produce and build. Officers and men from the air force, artillery, tanks and other special forces took the lead in driving tractors and reclaimed a large number of wasteland. The officers and men competed for seeds in the most primitive way. In the first year, more than one million mu of soybeans were planted, and 10 million tons of soybeans were harvested after autumn. In addition to large-scale land reclamation, land preparation and housing construction, more than 4,000 demobilized officers and men also participated in the construction of Yunshan Reservoir in the Eighth Five-Year Plan Farm, repaired the Mi Hu Railway with a total length of 1 14 km, accepted and completed arduous and glorious tasks such as selecting and cutting high-quality timber 10000 meters, and supporting the "Top Ten Buildings" in the capital and the construction of Dalian Shipyard.
These officers and men who have been transferred from the heroic People's Liberation Army have maintained and carried forward the glorious tradition of the People's Army, overcome all kinds of difficulties, and written magnificent chapters in their decades of life of opening up wasteland and guarding the border. Now the Great Northern Wilderness is no longer desolate, many farms have built densely populated small towns, and the Great Northern Wilderness has become a warehouse of the Great Northern Wilderness. In those days, some officers and men who started their own businesses broke down from overwork, while others gave their precious lives. Most of them have gray temples and full houses of children and grandchildren, and spent nearly half a century in the Spring and Autumn Period in the Great Northern Wilderness. Although the pioneering era of burning passion has passed, the spirit of the Great Northern Wilderness pioneered by them will be passed down from generation to generation, which will always inspire us to fight for the construction of Socialism with Chinese characteristics.