The total area of the Pacific Ocean is 181344,000 square kilometers, which is equivalent to 10 South America and18 China, accounting for 35.6% of the earth's surface area and nearly12 of the world's ocean area, with an average water depth of 3,940 meters and a seawater volume of 72,330. The Pacific Ocean accounts for 49.8% of the world's ocean area, almost half. The widest from east to west 19900 km, and the widest from north to south 15900 km. Bering Strait is connected to the Arctic Ocean in the north, Panama Canal in the east, strait of magellan and Drake Strait are connected to the Atlantic Ocean, and Malacca Strait, sunda strait, Lombok Strait, Dome of the Southwest Indian Ocean, Torres Strait and Timor Sea are connected to the West Indian Ocean. There are more than 2,600 large islands in the Pacific Ocean, which can be simply summarized into three groups and one arc: One arc is an arc-shaped archipelago distributed on the overseas side of the northern, western and southwestern edges of the Pacific Ocean, including the Kuril Islands such as Aleutian Islands, Japanese Islands, Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan Province Province, the Philippines and Indonesian Islands. These islands are close to the mainland, with large area, many harbors, strong supply capacity and great military use value. Three groups: three islands in the central Pacific: Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. Melanesian islands include Solomon, Papua New Guinea and Fiji. Micronesia is a tiny archipelago, including Caroline, Mariana and gilbert islands; Polynesian islands include Hawaii, midway and society islands. For example, Cologne Islands, Hawaii Islands, Guam, Midway Island and Ryukyu Islands in Panama Basin are facing Shanghai and Okinawa Islands, so we must pay attention to them. The geographical location of these islands is of great significance to China's global outlook. There are 28 seas in the Pacific Ocean, namely Bering Sea, Sea of Okhotsk, Sea of Japan, Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, East China Sea, South China Sea, Sulu Sea, Sulawesi Sea, Maluku Sea, Hamashira Sea, Heilinhai Sea, Java Sea, Bali Hai, Flores Sea, Sawu Sea, banda sea, Timor Sea and Arafura Sea. The largest sea in the world is the South Pacific Ocean.

The Atlantic Ocean has a total area of 943 14000 square kilometers, a length of 15742 kilometers from north to south and a width of 6852 kilometers from east to west, accounting for 25.4% of the world's ocean area, with an average water depth of 3575 meters and a seawater volume of 337 17000 cubic kilometers. It is equivalent to the sum of the areas of Europe, Asia, Africa and Oceania. There are many islands in the Atlantic Ocean, such as the large and small Antilles, Cape Verde Islands, Madeira Islands, Cuba, Haiti and so on in the Caribbean, so we must pay attention to them. There are 20 seas in the Atlantic Ocean, namely: Baltic Sea, North Sea, Irish Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Goulias Sea, tyrrhenian sea, Adriatic Sea, Ionian Sea, Aegean Sea, Marmarak Sea, Black Sea, Azov Sea, Caribbean Sea, Scotia Sea, Weddell Sea, Bay of Biscay, Gulf of Mexico, Gulf of Saint Lawrence, Hudson Bay and Gulf of Guinea. The largest is the Weddell Sea in the South Atlantic, covering an area of 2.89 million square kilometers. Followed by the Caribbean Sea on the west coast of the North Atlantic (with an area of 2.754 million square kilometers) and the Mediterranean Sea on the east coast of the North Atlantic (with an area of 2.5 million square kilometers). The smallest sea is Malahi in the northwest corner of Turkey, with an area of only 1. 1 0,000 square kilometers. It is also the smallest sea in the world.

The total area of the Indian Ocean is 74 1 1.8 thousand square kilometers, accounting for about 2 1. 1% of the world's ocean area, ranking third. The average water depth is 3840 meters, second only to the Pacific Ocean, ranking second among the four oceans. Its deepest point is at the bottom of the Amirant Trench on the west side of the Amirant Islands, with a depth of 9074 meters. The total volume of seawater is 29 1.95 million cubic kilometers. Indian Ocean plays a very important role in the world's oceans. Whoever controls the Indian Ocean holds the key to the world economy. It is very convenient to go in and out of the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean by sea from the Indian Ocean. The Indian Ocean is the hub of the world's four oceans, and the Persian Gulf is the oil lifeline of world economic development. There are fewer seas in the Indian Ocean. There are six seas in the Indian Ocean, namely: Red Sea, Arabian Sea, Andaman Sea, Persian Gulf, Bay of Bengal and Great Australia Bay. The Arabian Sea, located in the northwest of the Indian Ocean, has the largest area, with an area of 3.863 million square kilometers. Followed by the Bay of Bengal in the northeastern Indian Ocean, with an area of 2172,000 square kilometers. The Indian Ocean ranks third among all oceans.

The total area of the Arctic Ocean12,257,000 square kilometers, the smallest. It is nearly 2 million square kilometers smaller than the 6.5438+0.4 million square kilometers in Antarctica. The widest point of the Arctic Ocean is about 4233 kilometers, and the narrowest point is 1.900 kilometers. Although the Arctic Ocean is small, it is of great strategic significance. Because starting from the Arctic Ocean, the distance to the western developed countries is the shortest. The existence of naval strategic submarines in the Arctic Ocean is not only easy to hide because of the existence of ice in the Arctic Ocean, but also easy to be attacked because it is closest to the developed countries in the world. The average water depth of the Arctic Ocean is1.296m, and the seawater volume is 1.698 billion cubic kilometers. There are 10 seas in the Arctic Ocean, namely: Norwegian Sea, Greenland Sea, Barents Sea, White Sea, Kara Sea, Laptev Sea, East Siberian Sea, Chukchi Sea, Beaufort Sea and Baffin Bay. Among them, the largest area is the Barents Sea on the Nordic coast, with an area of10.405 million square kilometers; Followed by the Norwegian Sea, with an area of 6.5438+0.382 million square kilometers. The Arctic Ocean ranks fourth among the world's oceans.

A strait connecting the four oceans

Bering Strait: Connecting the Arctic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean

Malacca Strait: Connecting the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean

Strait of magellan: Connecting the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean.

Strait of Gibraltar: connecting the Indian Ocean (Mediterranean Sea) and the Atlantic Ocean.

Davis strait: Connecting the Arctic Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean.

The name comes from Pacific 1520. During his voyage around the world, Magellan entered a strait (later called strait of magellan) and walked out of the canyon peacefully, so he called this water area the Pacific Ocean. Because of its auspicious name, it has been recognized all over the world.

The word Atlantic West comes from the name of Atlas, the Hercules in ancient Greek mythology. Legend has it that Atlas lives in the Atlantic Ocean and can know the depth of any ocean and has great power. 1845, named Atlantic Ocean by the Geographical Society of London.

Indian Ocean 1497, Portuguese navigator. Gamma bypassed the Cape of Good Hope in Africa and looked for the Indian mainland eastward, calling the ocean it passed the Indian Ocean. 1570 World Atlas was officially named Indian Ocean.

The Arctic Ocean is located in the North Pole, and it is frozen all year round. 1845 was officially named Arctic Ocean by the Geographical Society of London.

There are five oceans in the Antarctic Ocean. In 2000, the International Hydrographic Organization identified the Antarctic Ocean as an independent ocean, making it the fifth ocean besides the four oceans.

The International Hydrographic Organization defines the Antarctic Ocean as the ocean surrounding Antarctica within 360 degrees longitude, bounded by 60 degrees south latitude, which mainly includes the Ross Sea, Billings High Sea, Weddell Sea, amundsen sea, Drake Strait at the southern tip of some South America and Scotia Sea in southern New Zealand, with an area of 20.32 million square kilometers and a coastline of 17968 kilometers. Oceanographers still have many objections to this definition. The map of Australia marks the ocean south of Australia and New Zealand as Antarctic ocean, not Indian Ocean.

When Antarctica and South America separated 30 million years ago, ocean currents around Antarctica began to appear, so the Antarctic Ocean is a very young ocean. The Antarctic current meets the warm water in the north, which is the natural boundary of the Antarctic ocean. The Antarctic current is maintained at about 60 degrees south latitude in southern New Zealand, and it can reach 48 degrees south latitude in the Atlantic Ocean due to the strong westerlies.

Annual changes of the Antarctic Ocean and the Arctic Ocean ice sheet (white part) The seawater temperature in the Antarctic Ocean is between -2℃ and 10℃, and the ocean current flows around the South Pole from west to east. Due to the temperature difference between the polar ice sheet and the sea water, the ocean current is very powerful, reaching the ocean current boundary of 40 degrees south latitude, which is the strongest wind belt on the earth. In winter, the ocean south of 65 degrees south latitude in the Pacific Ocean and 55 degrees south latitude in the Atlantic Ocean freezes, and the temperature below the water surface will reach below 0℃. However, in some places along the coast of South America, due to the warm wind from the land, the coast can remain frozen.

The ocean depth of the Antarctic Ocean is 4-5km, the Antarctic continental shelf is very narrow, the widest is only 258km, and the depth is 400-800m (the average depth of the global ocean continental shelf is133m). The Antarctic ice sheet was 2.6 million square kilometers in March, and reached18.8 million square kilometers in September, increasing by more than 7 times, and the Antarctic ocean current was 265,438+.

The lowest point is -7235 meters, located in the South Sandwich Trench on the east side of the South Sandwich Islands.

Antarctic Ocean, also known as "Antarctic Sea" and "Southern Ocean", is the fifth and fourth ocean in the world.