These four famous buildings all have classic poems handed down from generation to generation. Tengwang Pavilion includes Preface to Tengwang Pavilion by Wang Bo, Yellow Crane Tower by Cui Hao, Yellow Crane Tower by Li Bai and Yueyang Tower by Fan Zhongyan. Although there are many poems about Penglai Pavilion, they are not as popular as A Dream of Red Mansions, but you can walk up a flight of stairs in the Heron Hostel 300 miles away to broaden your horizons.
No matter which version of the "Four Famous Buildings" is, except Yueyang Tower, the other three buildings have been destroyed by the war. Now they are all reinforced concrete structures with elevators, which are basically out of touch with cultural relics. Then why can Yueyang Tower be preserved and become a national cultural protection unit?
There are many interesting things hidden in the four famous buildings. For example, two of them were originally military buildings, and the Wang Teng Pavilion has three in China. Fan Zhongyan, who wrote the story of Yueyang Tower, has never seen Yueyang Tower ... Let's talk about it together.
The Yellow Crane Tower was built in the Three Kingdoms period. It had nothing to do with poetry singing. This is the military watchtower of Xiakou City in Soochow. Xiakou City is the earliest city in Wuhan with a clear written record date. Named after the tower was built on a yellow chicken, later generations mistakenly read "stork" as "crane" and gradually became Yellow Crane Tower.
Later, when the state of Jin destroyed Dongwu, the Yellow Crane Tower lost its military function. On the contrary, because of the good viewing location, it has become an ornamental building that is "a must for a visit" and "a must for a banquet".
Since then, the Yellow Crane Tower has been repeatedly destroyed by war. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties alone, it was destroyed seven times and rebuilt and maintained 10 times.
However, during this period, many famous people came here to visit, leaving the famous sentence as the first of the four famous buildings. In addition to the two songs mentioned above, Li Bai's Listening to the Flute on the Yellow Crane Tower with the Stone Langzhong Qin, The Yellow Crane Tower Beats Yu Di, The Plum Blossoms Fall in Jiangcheng in May, Yue Fei's Feeling of Climbing the Yellow Crane Tower and Sighing for the Same Country, A Thousand Villages are Lacking. When did you volunteer to cross the Qinghe River with a sharp brigade and a whip? Wang Wei's Yellow Crane Tower sent Kang Taishou, Meng Haoran's Nautilus Island sent Wang Jiuzhi to the left, Jia Dao's Yellow Crane Tower, and Liu Yuxi's two poems about going out to Ezhou to see the princes are all excellent works.
In the tenth year of Guangxu (1884), the Yellow Crane Tower was destroyed for the last time, leaving only a bronze roof. 1957, when the Wuchang approach bridge of Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge was built, the former site of Yellow Crane Tower was occupied. It is impossible for the Yellow Crane Tower to reappear in the old site for a long time to come.
It was 198 1 year,1October, and the Yellow Crane Tower was rebuilt near the original site.1June, 985 was officially completed. The main building is based on the Yellow Crane Tower in Tongzhi period of Qing Dynasty, but it is taller and more magnificent. It is not only made of reinforced concrete, but also equipped with an elevator. But reinforced concrete also has an advantage, that is, it is not afraid of many tourists.
Wang Teng Pavilion is even more peculiar, because there are three in China. There were 17 "Wang Teng" in history, among which Li Yuanying, Li Shimin's younger brother, was the most famous, and was regarded as a literary youth among princes. He first built an attic in his fief Tengzhou, Shandong Province, and named it Tengwang Pavilion, which is the most "rooted Miao Hong" Tengwang Pavilion.
However, Li Yuanying is really a "giant baby" figure. He started endless projects, built pavilions, wasted people's money and extorted money, and finally aroused public anger. His nephew Tang Gaozong Li Zhi had to "demote" his old man to Suzhou, and then he was transferred to Hongzhou (now Nanchang, Jiangxi) as the viceroy.
Eager for Teng, he rebuilt the pavilion on the bank of Ganjiang River (now northwest of donghu district) in 653. This is the second Wang Teng Pavilion.
In 662, Li Yuanying was transferred to Longzhou (now Langzhong, Sichuan), and in 679, a larger Yutai Pavilion and Tengwang Pavilion were built. It is really a model of "Love Teng Jianteng".
Although Li Yuanying loved Tengwang Pavilion very much, it was Wang Bo who really made Tengwang Pavilion famous in the world. After Li Yuanying left Nanchang, the new governor Yan Gong rebuilt the second Wang Tengting. He originally wanted to take the opportunity to hold his son-in-law, but Wang Bo's Preface to Wang Tengting stole the show. Therefore, people usually refer to the Wang Teng Pavilion as the Wang Teng Pavilion in Nanchang.
Nanchang Wang Teng Pavilion was destroyed by fire more than 20 times, sometimes by natural disasters and sometimes by war. Today, Wang Teng Pavilion was completed on June 8th, 1989+05438, which is the 29th reconstruction of Wang Teng Pavilion. I wonder if it is influenced by the Yellow Crane Tower. Wang Teng Pavilion is also a modern configuration of reinforced concrete and elevators.
Stork Tower is located in yongji city, Yuncheng City. Yongji is a county-level city, but it has rich cultural background. On the east bank of the Yellow River in the southwest of yongji city, there is an ancient city, Zhou Pu, which is one of the capitals of Shunpuban, so Yongji is called Puban and Zhou Pu.
In addition to the stork tower, there is also the Pujiu Temple where Zhang Sheng and Cui Yingying fell in love in The West Chamber, and the national treasure "Tang Kaiyuan Iron Bull"-commonly known as the Yellow River Iron Bull, and the textbook says "Fishing Iron Bull". Stork Tower, Pujiu Temple and Tieniu are all concentrated around the ancient city of Zhou Pu on the bank of the Yellow River. Therefore, throughout the ages, there have been an endless stream of literati who came to write poems.
The stork tower was built by Yuwen Hu, a general of Northern Zhou Dynasty, probably in 557-57 1 year. Around 704 A.D., Wang Zhihuan, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote the famous Story of the Heron Tower here (the author of the poem is He Wang, but it cannot be accurately verified). There are not many poems left by Wang Zhihuan, but they are all famous. Another poem, Liangzhou Ci, is also very famous.
1222, Jin Bing and Yuan Bing fought for Zhou Pu and destroyed the stork tower in the war, leaving only the old base. In A.D. 1272, Wang Yun, a scholar in Yuan Dynasty, wrote the story "In the Heron Building" on the site of the stork building.
1992, yongji city planned to rebuild the mirage in situ, which was officially completed in September 2002. Stork tower is also a "standard building" of reinforced concrete and elevator.
Compared with these three "modern famous buildings", Yueyang Tower, whose main structure was preserved in the war, is somewhat "unsociable".
Yueyang Tower is located on Dongting Lake in Yueyang City, Hunan Province. Like the Yellow Crane Tower, it was built by Wudong people and has a military role. It was built by Lu Su, an important official in Wu Dong, and was originally the "Military Reading Building" for reviewing the army.
Since then, Yueyang Tower has experienced many cycles of burning and reconstruction, and its name is also called Baling Tower, South Tower and Yueyang Tower. It was not until Li Bai wrote "Yueyang Tower in Twelve Summers" that it was named Yueyang Tower.
Du Fu also came here to board, and wrote "Board Yueyang Tower" and "I have heard about Dongting Lake for a long time, and now I finally board this building. The vast lake tore Wu Chu apart, as if the sun, moon and stars were floating in the water. There is no news from my friends or relatives. I am old and sick, drifting in a boat. There are wars and mountains to the north of this wall. How can I not cry on the railway here? " It is a famous lyric poem.
The most famous renovation of Yueyang Tower was in the fifth year of Northern Song Dynasty (1045). Teng Zongliang (son), a county magistrate in Yuezhou, rebuilt Yueyang Tower, and then asked his friend Fan Zhongyan to write an article.
Interestingly, Fan Zhongyan was demoted to Dengzhou (now dengzhou city, Nanyang, Henan) and could not come to Yueyang for some time. Teng sent someone to send a picture of the Dongting in late autumn. Fan Zhongyan read the picture and wrote down the famous Yueyang Tower. His sentence "Worry about the world first, and enjoy the world later" was widely praised.
Besides Fan Zhongyan, there are many celebrities who have left traces here. There is a couplet on Yueyang Tower that sums it up very well:
He Qi on the first floor? Du Shaoling's five-character swan song, Fan's two words care about love, Teng's everything is in full swing, and Lv Chunyang is drunk after three customs. Poetry? Ruye? Official? Ye Xian? Where were those lost times before me? , made me cry;
Gentlemen, try it. Xiaoxiang in the south pole of Dongting Lake, Wuxia in the north of the Yangtze River, refreshing in Baling Mountain, and precipice in the east of Yuezhou City. Those who hoard, flow, master and live in the town have true meaning. Ask who can understand.
We can see which celebrities have been here.
Since then, Yueyang Tower has continued the cycle of burning and reconstruction. Until the sixth year of Guangxu (1880), Zhang Derong, the magistrate of Yuezhou, rebuilt Yueyang Tower, which was extremely strong. Its walls are all made of glutinous rice flour mixed with fine porcelain ash, "knives and axes are not allowed."