On February 27th, Mao Zedong delivered a speech on "Correctly Handling Contradictions among the People" at the 11th (enlarged) meeting of the Supreme State Council, and put forward the idea of distinguishing and correctly handling two kinds of social contradictions of different nature, uniting the people of all ethnic groups in China to develop economy and culture and serve the cause of building socialism.

China Academy of Agricultural Sciences was founded in March 1.

On April 8, Wuhan Iron and Steel Complex officially started construction. On September 3rd, 1958, 1 blast furnace tapped.

On April 12, the yingtan-Xiamen Railway (yingtan-Xiamen) was completed and opened to traffic, with a total length of 694 kilometers.

On April 20th, the State Council issued the Instruction on Eliminating Schistosomiasis. Subsequently, the epidemic area quickly carried out the work of eliminating schistosomiasis. 1June, 958, yujiang county County, Jiangxi Province took the lead in eliminating schistosomiasis.

On April 25th, the first China Export Commodities Fair was held in Guangzhou. In the future, the Export Commodities Fair will be held twice a year in Guangzhou, in spring and autumn respectively. Since 2007, it has been renamed China Import and Export Fair.

On April 27th, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Instructions on the Rectification Movement", and the rectification movement began later. During the rectification movement, a few Rightists attacked the Party and the nascent socialist system. In June, the rectification movement turned to the anti-rightist struggle, and the summer of 1958 basically ended. It is correct and necessary to counter the Rightist attack, but the anti-rightist struggle has been seriously expanded, and a group of intellectuals, patriots and party cadres have been wrongly classified as Rightists, which has caused unfortunate consequences.

On May1May-25, the Third National Congress of the New Democratic Youth League of China was held, and it was decided to rename the New Democratic Youth League of China as the Communist Youth League of China and elect Hu Yaobang as the first secretary of the Central Committee of the League.

On May 24th, at the 49th plenary meeting in the State Council, the Provisional Outline of Soil and Water Conservation was adopted, and a national soil and water conservation committee was established.

Chinese government network-People's Republic of China (PRC) memorabilia (1957)