Feng Yuanzhen (19 19 September 15 -20 19 February 15) was born in Jiangsu, China, and his ancestral home is in Wujin, Jiangsu. He is a Chinese American and an internationally renowned scholar. The pioneer and founder of biomechanics has the reputation of "the father of biomechanics". Academician of National Academy of Sciences, Academician of National Academy of Engineering, Academician of National Medical College, Academician of China Academy of Sciences, Academician of Taiwan Academia Sinica. In 2000, he won the National Science Medal, the highest honor in the American scientific community, and was the first bioengineer to win this honor. In 2007, he won the "Russia. A "prize" comparable to the Nobel Prize; There are also American Centennial Award, American National Academy of Engineering Founder Award, China Nanjing University Century Alumni Academic Achievement Gold Award, etc.

On February 5, 20 19, local time, Feng Yuanzhen died at Jacob Hospital of the University of California, San Diego, at the age of 100.

Chinese name: Feng Yuanzhen.

Mbth: Yuan Chengfeng

Nationality: USA

Ethnic group: Han nationality

Date of birth:191September15th.

Date of death: 20 19 12 15.

Occupation: Academician of China Academy of Sciences.

Graduate school: National Central University (now Nanjing University)

Representative works: introduction to bioengineering; Tradition and computational solid mechanics.

Native place: Wujin County, Jiangsu Province

The life of the character

Feng Yuanzhen 1937 was admitted to the Aviation Department of Chongqing Central University, 194 1 got a bachelor's degree, stayed on as a teacher and was also studying as a graduate student. 1943 master's degree. After graduation, I went to California Institute of Technology to study abroad, and received my doctorate from 1948. Professor of California Institute of Technology and University of California, San Diego. Founding Director of the Board of Directors of the University of California, China Scholars Association and Chairman of the Advisory Group.

Great achievements have been made in the fields of biomechanics, aviation engineering and continuum mechanics.

In 2007, Feng Yuanzhen, an honorary professor at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) and an internationally renowned bioengineer, won the Nobel Prize. The Lars Prize, whose academic status is comparable to the Nobel Prize, was established by Ohio University alumni Lars and his wife in 1999.

The death of a character

20 19 local time 20 19 On February 5, 2009, Mr. Yuan Chengfeng, a Chinese American and the "father of biomechanics" in the world, passed away at the age of 100 in San Diego, USA.

Character experience

teenagers

When Feng Yuanzhen was a teenager, he was caught in the melee between warlords, Japanese invaders and War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, and his life was shrouded in the shadow of war.

college days

1937 graduated from Suzhou Middle School in Jiangsu Province, when the Lugouqiao Incident broke out in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. He went to Shanghai to participate in the unified college entrance examination, and saw a notice posted on the wall of the registration office, saying that Central University had added an aviation department. He signed up for this department excitedly, hoping to learn his skills and fight back against the invaders. He passed the exam. Central University moved from Nanjing to Shapingba, Chongqing, the home front. The conditions there are very difficult, but there are first-class teachers and a strong learning atmosphere.

Studying in America

Feng Yuanzhen 194 1 graduated from the Aviation Department of National Central University, the predecessor of Nanjing University, and 1943 obtained a master's degree in aviation engineering. Subsequently, he stayed in the United States at public expense and received his Ph.D. from California Institute of Technology at 1948. After graduation, he stayed in school to teach, studying aerodynamics, supersonic speed and elasticity. His research achievements in nonlinear structural dynamics, structural stability theory, flutter and impact response are outstanding and he has won many awards. His first monograph, Aeroelastic Theory, was Aeroelastic Mechanics. At the same time, he also served as a consultant for many airlines such as Lockheed, Boeing and Douglas, and solved many practical problems. Feng Yuanzhen received a master's degree in aeronautics from Central University. At that time, some professors in China gave lectures in English. Feng's English is very good. As soon as he arrives in the United States, he can immediately understand the lectures and take exams. In the first nine months, he sat in and took the exam. When school starts in autumn, I will begin to prepare my thesis. His thesis is a new field of aeroelasticity theory which is very important for aircraft design. Feng studies the basic principle of combining aerodynamics and structural elasticity of aircraft and missiles. He went to California on 1946. Only two years later, he got his doctorate on 1948 and became an aviation professor. But later, his interest turned to biology and physiology, leaving the aviation field.

Biomechanical research

In the early 1960s, Professor Feng Yuanzhen devoted himself to the development of biomechanics, a new cross field, because the pathology of cardiovascular diseases and other problems in modern medicine involves mechanics and requires the cooperation of mechanics experts. At that time, bioengineering research was still in its infancy. With the encouragement and support of his wife and famous doctor Professor Yu, the physiological and mechanical mechanisms of living tissues and organs were studied from animal anatomy, which opened the way for biomechanics. Later, he made a major breakthrough in discovering the mysteries of human blood cells, blood vessels and microcirculation, and founded the famous "Feng's Tunnel Theory".

Establish a department of bioengineering

From 65438 to 0966, Professor Feng Yuanzhen established the Department of Bioengineering at the University of California, San Diego, and applied engineering principles to the study of human functions. In this field, Feng Yuanzhen and his laboratory have made three milestone achievements: the study of constitutive relation of biological soft tissue; Pulmonary hemodynamics based on pulmonary capillary flow model: a study on the relationship between growth of biological tissues and organs and stress. Under the leadership of Professor Feng Yuanzhen, the research and teaching of bioengineering in the University of San Diego has achieved great reputation and fruitful results, and made many achievements in creating innovative medical care and improving human health, thus winning an internationally recognized leadership position.

Moral behavior

Reasons for joining biomedicine

Feng Yuanzhen's interest in biomedicine was originally for personal reasons. 65438-0957, went to Germany for one year with the academic award of the Gegenhan Fund. I learned that his mother suffered from severe glaucoma. In his anxiety, he consulted a lot of American literature about glaucoma and sent some translations or selections every week. He said to his mother, "If you can't use it, give it to your surgeon." Ten years later, 1973, Feng returned to China. Mother's handiwork was very successful, and her surgeon thanked Feng Yuanzhen very much.

When he was on holiday in Germany, his institute of aerodynamics was opposite the Institute of Physiology in G? ttingen. Feng appreciates the library and facilities there very much. This aroused his interest in the biomedical field. He found that the knowledge of biology is very extensive and full of interesting nonlinear problems, which is a very attractive field.

Returning from Germany to California, he began to study physiology. A few years later, he felt that he needed to spend 100% of his time studying it, and he didn't want other work to affect it and weaken it. That's why he 1966 transferred to the University of California (San Diego). He wants to build a brand-new bioengineering at the University of California from scratch. He used mathematical analysis methods and engineering experiments to study physiology. Firstly, the blood circulation, blood vessels, blood vessel elasticity and blood cell mechanics are studied. His collaborators include his colleague, Benjamin Zweifik, a famous microcirculation physiologist, Dr. Marcus Inta Jelita, an alumnus of California Institute of Technology, 1963, and so on.

Then, Feng studied and expounded the blood circulation of lung. Together with colleagues Sid Sobin, Yan Rongji and several students, he proposed, verified and established the thin-layer flow theory of lung. This theory recognizes the fact that the capillaries of the lungs are not like a tube at all, but like an "underground garage" with flexible roofs and columns. Feng Yuanzhen said that when this theory is applied to all parts of the lung, it can explain and predict many clinical observation phenomena, including blood flow, edema and hypertension in the lung. It can explain why the car airbag collides with the lungs and produces supersonic vibration, which will pose a threat to the lungs, especially the lungs of children.

Feng also expanded his research scope to heart, intestine, hypertension, tissue remodeling under pressure, tissue engineering and so on. He used mechanical analysis to study biological tissues and put forward a new concept in the field of biomechanics. His research results are helpful to solve important biomedical problems. Feng said: "I believe that all our efforts will benefit mankind."

The heart of a newborn baby-innocence

Professor Feng Yuanzhen loves the motherland very much, and he is very concerned about the scientific and technological development of the motherland. He was one of the first scholars to visit China after Sino-US relations thawed in 1970s. He has repeatedly proudly declared in the forum of international academic conferences: "I am from China!" He also helps young scholars from China to study in the United States. He attached great importance to the cultivation of scientific talents in the motherland, visited the mainland of the motherland many times and served as honorary professor and honorary researcher in more than ten universities in China.

Professor Feng Yuanzhen is very concerned about the development of biomedical engineering in China. As early as June 1979, when the China Biomechanics Investigation Team visited the United States, he clearly pointed out that the development of biomedical engineering in China must attach great importance to a problem, that is, not to let the medical expenses rise viciously, and not to repeat the mistakes that the development of biomedical engineering in Europe and America led to the skyrocketing medical expenses.

From September 1979 to September 10/65438+,Professor Feng Yuanzhen and his student and assistant professor Yan Rongci returned to China to give lectures in Wuhan (Huazhong University of Science and Technology) and Chongqing (Chongqing University). Most of the students in this workshop grew up to be the backbone of the first generation biomechanics research team in China. In order to promote the development of biomechanics in the motherland, with the support of the late Professor Huang Jiasi, president of China Academy of Medical Sciences, and Zhu, former president of Huazhong Institute of Technology, the professor initiated and organized an international symposium on biomechanics in China, Japan and the United States (later expanded to China, Japan, the United States and New Zealand). The first meeting was held in Wuhan 1983. At the meeting, Professor Feng Yuanzhen put forward a hypothesis about the stress growth relationship between tissues and organs. So far, the seminar has been held for five times, which has played an important role in the progress of biomechanics in China. In recognition of Professor Feng Yuanzhen's contribution to China's science education, China Academy of Sciences 1994 awarded him the title of foreign academician, and Nantah awarded him the "Golden Medal for Academic Achievement of Century Alumni" at the centennial celebration.

teacher

Professor Feng Yuanzhen is also an outstanding educator. He has trained hundreds of doctoral students and master students, and the students have performed well in academia and industry. He kept writing books in teaching and scientific research, and academic monographs became classics of biomechanics. Many bioengineering textbooks written by him have been widely adopted as standard textbooks by countries all over the world. In recognition of Professor Feng Yuanzhen's contribution to science and science education, the American Society of Mechanical Engineering established the Feng Yuanzhen Young Researcher Award named after him from 65438 to 0986.

Major achievements

Feng Yuanzhen has made great achievements in the fields of biomechanics, aviation engineering and continuum mechanics. He was the president of the World Biomechanics Organization and the president of the American Society of Biomedical Engineering. Academician of National Academy of Sciences of China Academy of Sciences, Academician of National Academy of Engineering, Academician of National Medical College, and Foreign Academician of China Academy of Sciences. He has won many awards such as the "Centennial Award" of the United States and the "Founder Award" of the National Academy of Engineering. In China, he was awarded the Academic Achievement Award by the Century Alumni of Nanjing University. In 2000, he was awarded the National Science Medal, the highest honor in the American scientific community, and was the first biologist to receive this honor.

In 2007, Feng Yuanzhen was awarded the Russian Prize with academic status comparable to the Nobel Prize in recognition of his contribution to "identifying and determining the structure and function of human tissues, thus helping to prevent and alleviate trauma". The Ruth Award was established by Ohio University alumnus Ruth and his wife on 1999, and awarded every two years by the National Academy of Engineering, aiming at rewarding outstanding academic achievements and meritorious persons in the engineering field (including bioengineering).

Get a reward

Feng Yuanzhen has won the Landis Award of the International Circulation Society, the Von Kaman Award of the American Society of Civil Engineering, the Liesner Award of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, the Centennial Award, the Warner Award of Wu Sthrid, the Tymoshenko Award and the Melville Award, the Marie Poi Award of the American National Society of Biorheology and the alzas Award of the American Society of Biomedical Engineering. 1986. 1998 was awarded the "Founder Award" by the American Academy of Engineering at the annual meeting of NAE in the United States. 1999 10 the university of California, San Diego named the auditorium of the new teaching building "Feng Yuanzhen, the father of biomechanics". In 2000, 65438+February 1 won the highest honor of American scientific community-American Science Medal, which was presented by President Clinton at the White House. He was the first biologist and the only engineer who won this medal at that time.

Professor Feng Yuanzhen has won various academic medals, including the Landis Award of the International Microcirculation Society (1975), the Von Kaman Award of the American Society of Civil Engineering (1976) and the Riesner Award of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (Bioengineering Award, 1978), Centennial Award (198 1), Wu Strede Warner Award (1984), ALZA Award of Tymoshenko American Biomedical Engineering Society (1989), FoundersAward of American Institute of Engineering (/? At the same time, Professor Feng Yuanzhen holds five academician titles, namely, academician of the National Academy of Engineering (1979), academician of the National Academy of Medical Sciences (199 1), academician of the National Academy of Sciences (1992) and academician and president of the American Mechanical Society (1992). He used to be the chairman of the American Mechanical Society, the chairman of the Bioengineering Committee of the National Academy of Engineering and the chairman of the World Biomechanics Committee, and made important contributions to promoting the development of bioengineering in the world. In 2002, during the centenary celebration of Nanjing University, his alma mater, Professor Feng Yuanzhen, was awarded the "Academic Achievement Award of Century Alumni" by Nanjing University.