1, Putonghua
Guoyu, also known as Chunqiu Zhuan or Zuoshi Zhuan. Legend has it that it was written by Lu Zuo Qiuming at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, but from the content, some scholars in modern times believe that it was compiled by scholars after the Warring States Period or the Han Dynasty under the guise of the original data recorded by historians of various countries in the Spring and Autumn Period.
Guoyu is the earliest national history book in China, with a total of 2 1 volume (article), which records eight countries: Zhou, Lu, Qi, Jin, Zheng, Chu, Wu and Yue. The time to keep records began in the middle of the Western Zhou Dynasty and ended at the turn of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, which lasted for about 500 years.
2、《? Warring States policy
The Warring States Policy is a national historical work, also known as the national policy. It records the affairs of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Eastern Zhou Dynasty and Qin, Qi, Chu, Zhao, Wei, Han, Yan, Song, Wei and Zhongshan countries. Chronicles began in the early years of the Warring States and ended in the destruction of six countries by Qin, with a history of about 240 years.
The Warring States Policy is divided into 12 strategies, 33 volumes and 497 articles in total, which mainly describes the political opinions and words and deeds strategies of lobbyists during the Warring States period, and can also be said to be a practical exercise manual for lobbyists.
The book also shows the historical characteristics and social features of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty and the Warring States Period, and is an important classic for studying the history of the Warring States Period. The ideological tendency of the book Warring States Policy was denounced by scholars of past dynasties for violating Confucian orthodoxy.
The Warring States Policy was once denounced as "heresy" and "fantastic book". "The Warring States policy is basically self-contained. His moral philosophy mostly adopts Taoism, and his social and political views are close to Legalism, but he is incompatible with Confucianism alone, so he is criticized by later scholars. "
The author is not a person, and writing a book is not an instant. Most of the authors in the book don't know who they are.
3. History of the Three Kingdoms
The History of the Three Kingdoms, one of the twenty-four histories, was written by Chen Shou, a historian in the Western Jin Dynasty. It records the biographical national history of Wei, Shu and Wu during the Three Kingdoms period in China, and is one of the "first four histories" with the highest evaluation among the twenty-four histories.
At that time, there were historical records between Wei and Wu, such as Wei Lue, which was edited by the official, and Wei Lue, which was written by Yu privately, and which was edited by the official. These three books should be the basic materials for Chen Shou to stand on.
Shu has no official position in history, so it has only 15 volumes. However, the last book was written because of the official position. Therefore, the history of the Three Kingdoms is the product of cultural reintegration after the split of the Three Kingdoms.
The History of the Three Kingdoms was first circulated as a book and a book separately. It was not until the sixth year of Xianping in the Northern Song Dynasty (1003) that the three books were merged into one book.
The History of the Three Kingdoms is also the most special one in the twenty-fifth history, because it is too brief, and it does not record the lineages of princes and princes, nor does it record the ambitions in economy, geography, official positions, rites and music, legal calendar, etc., which does not conform to the norms of general official history established by Historical Records and Hanshu.
Extended data:
China's history books are numerous and varied, which can be roughly divided into the following categories:
1, official history
Historical books that record the achievements of emperors, the history of dynasties, biographies of people, economy, military affairs, culture and geography are called official history.
Commonly known as the twenty-four histories. Except for a few personal writings (such as Historical Records, History of the Later Han Dynasty in Ye Fan, History of the Three Kingdoms by Chen Shou and History of the New Five Dynasties by Ouyang Xiu), most official histories are compiled by officials.
2. Don't want history
Mainly refers to the historical books that record historical facts of past dynasties or generations in addition to chronological and biographical styles; Created by famous scholars, it is sometimes difficult to distinguish it from miscellaneous history. For example, Hanshu Jinshu Chunqiu Miscellaneous History: It only records the whole story, an instant experience or a private record of a family, and it is an anecdote history book.
3. unofficial history
It is different from the official history books written by the people. History of barnyard grass: usually refers to historical records that record customs, folk trivia and old news, such as Song Barnyard Grass Banknote written by Pan Yongyin in Qing Dynasty and Qing Barnyard Grass Banknote written by Tsui Hark in modern times. Sometimes it is also used to refer to "unofficial history".
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