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The Life of Characters in Zu Dashou's Works
See the entry: Zu Chengxun 1430 (Xuande five years). When Ningyuan City (now Xingcheng, Liaoning Province) was built, Anhui officer Zuqing led his family to move here. He was passed down from generation to generation as Ningyuan Wei and constantly improved, becoming a famous family in Ningyuan.

Zu Dashou's father, Zu Chengxun, whose name was Shuangquan, was the second son of Zuren, a general guarding Ningyuan in Wanli period of Ming Dynasty. With Liaodong (now eastern and southern Liaoning, southeastern Jilin) and Ningyuanbo Li Yuanzheng, they were constantly promoted to be deputy governors of Liaodong because of their active fight against Mongolian cavalry.

Zu Dashou became an official in 1620 (the first year of Taichang) and served as a guerrilla in JD.COM. He was praised by Xiong Tingbi. 162 1 (the first year of the apocalypse) was a subordinate of Wang Huazhen, the governor of Guangning (Beizhen, Liaoning), and worked as a guerrilla in Zhong Jun. See the entry: Battle of Guangning, Victory of Ningjin 1622 (the second year of the apocalypse). The battle of Guangning took place between the late Jin Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty, and the Ming army was defeated. Later, Kinnurhachi occupied Quang Ninh, and Zu Dashou led his troops to Juehua Island. Sun Chengzong, a great scholar, assisted the generals in guarding Juehua Island with his birthday.

1623 (the third year of the apocalypse), Sun Chengzong and Yuan Chonghuan built the Ningyuan city wall, and Zu Dashou was in charge of the Ningyuan city project, heightening and thickening the city wall to strengthen the defense function.

/kloc-in the first month of 0/626 (the sixth year of the apocalypse), Nurhachi attacked Ningyuan and was wounded by Zu Dashou soldiers guarding the city. The defeated Nurhachi died soon after because of his injuries, and Huang Taiji succeeded to the throne. After the defeat of 8 jin j, Zu Dashou was promoted to vice company commander with military merit.

1627 In the fifth lunar month (the seventh year of the apocalypse), Huang Taiji led an army to attack Ningyuan again. Yuan Chonghuan ordered Zu Dashou to lead 4,000 chosen men around the enemy lines. The company commanders Man Gui and You Shiwei led the troops to the front of the enemy to form a trumpet, and fought fiercely with the Qing soldiers at the gates of Ningyuan. In the same year, in June of the lunar calendar, the Qing army was defeated, which was the famous "Ningjin Victory".

1628 (the first year of Chongzhen), Yuan Chonghuan was appointed as the governor of Liaodong in the Ming Dynasty. In the same year, in June of the lunar calendar, Zu Dashou was promoted to the company commander of Liaodong striker, and General Yin of Liaoning striker was stationed in Jinzhou.

Huang Taiji wrote to Zu Dashou to discuss sending messengers to mourn the loss of Ming Xizong and congratulate the new king Chongzhen on his accession to the throne. Zu Dashou wrote back and rejected Huang Taiji's request. /kloc-in the spring of 0/630 (the third year of Chongzhen), after the Ming Dynasty Jin Jun conquered Yongping and other four cities, Huang Taiji heard that people from Zu Dashou lived in Sanli Village of Yongping, ordered the army to arrest people, and got a nephew and his relatives in Zu Dashou. Huang Taiji gave Zu Dashou's nephew a house and sent troops to monitor it.

Soon, Emperor Chongzhen ordered Zu Dashou to join hands with Shanxi company commanders Ma Shilong and Shandong company commanders Yang to lead the mid-team leader Zu Dale, Zu Kefa, Zhang Hongmo, Liu Tianlu and Cao Gongcheng to attack Luanzhou. After capturing Luanzhou, they advanced on Yongping, Baylor A Min and others abandoned the four cities and led the troops back to the end of Jin Dynasty. So, Zu Dashou returned to Jinzhou to defend at the front. But Zu Dashou never left the barracks alone, for fear of being arrested by agents from the East Factory. 163 1 year In the seventh month of the lunar calendar (the fourth year of Chongzhen), Zu Dashou was ordered to build a city on the Daling River to defend Jinzhou. He built less than half a month, and the wall was not finished, when Huang Taiji's army went to Enemy at the Gates and surrounded Daling River City. Zu Dashou had to close the gate and go to war in a hurry.

There is only enough food and grass in the city for a few days. After a few days, there is no food in the city. All the soldiers in the city are in a state of panic. Zu Dashou made several tentative breakthroughs and was killed by the nomads from the city. In desperation, I had to sit in the city and look forward to reinforcements.

Ten days after the siege of Daling River City, Huang Taiji began to surrender to Zu Dashou. But Zu Dashou was unmoved and ignored Huang Taiji.

In order to further consume the effective strength in the city, Huang taiji made a fake reinforcement. Desperate for reinforcements, Zu Dashou rushed out of the city to join his army. He wants to attack from front to back and achieve a breakthrough. As a result, he was taken in, killed and suffered heavy losses. Zu Dashou never dared to go out to fight again.

163 1 year (the fourth year of Chongzhen), Huang taiji sent letters to Zu Dashou, He Kegang and Zhang Cunren, urging them to hurry. But it was rejected by Zu Dashou.

So Huang Taiji wrote to Zu Dashou himself, and he explained, "I am deeply sorry that the killing of Liao people did happen in the past. We stopped doing this a long time ago. As for the Yongping massacre, A Min, the Second Baylor, did it and was severely punished for it. I hope you don't have such prejudice. But Zu Dashou and others still don't believe it.

The Ming army rescued several times and four times, all of which were defeated by the late Jin army. Zu Dashou failed to break through many times. Daling River City was besieged for three months. The horse was killed when the food in the city ran out. When the horse left, they ate each other. Everyone in Dalinghe City was killed as food rations.

163 1 year (the fourth year of Chongzhen), on the seventh day of October of the lunar calendar, Huang taiji wrote to Zu Dashou again and sent Rulu to the city for an interview. Zu Dashou sent a general named Han Dong to the Golden Camp to negotiate. On October 25th of the lunar calendar, Zu Dashou finally made up his mind. He invited general Hou Jin Shi to the town to discuss the reduction of gold. That night, Zu Kefa, Zu Zerun, Liu Tianlu and Zhang Cunren went to the Nomads Camp with the stone, and Huang Taiji personally greeted them. Four people bow down. Huang taiji hurried forward to help him up and greeted him with the noblest etiquette of Jurchen. Then a banquet was held and four people were invited to sit down.

163 1 (the fourth year of Chongzhen) On October 28th of the lunar calendar, Zu Dashou killed He who would rather die than surrender, opened the gate wide and led the crowd. Baylor ministers such as Huang Taiji, Dai Shan and Munkurtai warmly welcomed Zu Dashou and his party. After that, the two sides went to the altar and swore to sacrifice to heaven, and vowed to sacrifice to the end. Huang Taiji took Zu Dashou's hand into the tent and gave a banquet to celebrate Zu Dashou. After the surrender, Zu Dashou made a suggestion to Huang Taiji: his wife and children are in Jinzhou City. Jinzhou didn't know that he had surrendered, and he was willing to take a military force to Jinzhou to be an insider in the city and seize Jinzhou City. Huang Taiji agreed to let Zu Dashou go to Jinzhou City.

As soon as Zu Dashou returned to Jinzhou City, he organized defense against the Qing army. Qiu Hejia, the governor of Liaodong, surrendered to the imperial court with the participation of Zu Dashou. Emperor Chongzhen not only didn't reduce his crime, but promoted Zu Dashou to be the left governor and head Jinzhou.

Emperor Chongzhen issued three letters and ordered Zu Dashou to come to Beijing for an audience. Zu Dashou refused for an excuse and stayed in Jinzhou.

The latter Huang Taiji sent emissaries for three transgressions of five times to remind Zu Dashou not to forget the previous agreement and immediately seize Jinzhou City. Zu Dashou prevaricated for various reasons and fought fiercely with the Qing soldiers for many times. Huang Taiji always treated Zu Dashou's son Zukefa and others with courtesy when they stayed in Houjin Military Camp, and wrote to Zu Dashou frequently.

1638 (11th year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty and 3rd year of Chongde in Qing Dynasty) In October of the lunar calendar, Huang Taiji personally led the troops to attack the Ming Dynasty, and led Girard Lang and Yu Taizi Duo Duo out of Ningyuan and Jinzhou Avenue; Prince Rui Dourgen is the left wing and entered from Qingshan Pass; Belle Yue entrusts himself to the right wing and enters from the ridge of the wall. Zu Dashou stationed troops in Zhonghouyuan (now Suizhong County, Liaoning Province) and led the troops to attack a lot. Duoduo was defeated. The next day, Toto and Gil Haran fought together, and Zu Dashou withdrew to the loyal office. Soon, Huang Taiji personally came to Zhonghouyuan and sent a message to Zu Dashou: "We have been separated from Daling River for several years. Despite all the difficulties, I came here, hoping to meet the general. As for whether the general will surrender to me or stay in Daming, he will never be forced to decide whether to stay or not. Last time, I released the general. If I trapped the general in the name of meeting, why should I win the trust of the people all over the world? In recent years, although the general has led many conflicts with our army, I know that you are carrying out orders and doing your duty. I won't take it to heart Please don't doubt. "

The next day, Huang Taiji ordered the release of the captured Ming prisoners and asked him to take a message to Zu Dashou. The letter said: "I released you in Daling River, and all the ministers said that I couldn't see people clearly. Now, the general should go out of town to see me and prove that I am not wrong about you. If the general is not at ease, we will each bring one or two cronies and meet in the middle of the two battalions. I did this just to laugh at myself, and at the same time let the sons and nephews of the general and the generals of Dalinghe know that the general is a man who keeps his promise. "

Zu Dashou never showed up. 1639 (in the 12th year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty and the 4th year of Chongde in the Qing Dynasty) In February of the lunar calendar, Huang Taiji attacked the Ming Dynasty again, with Prince Azig of Wuying County as the pioneer and personally supervised the army to surround Songshan. Emperor Chongzhen of Ming Dynasty summoned Zu Dashou to support Songshan Mountain. No sooner had Zu Dashou marched than the Qing army arrived, so Zu Dashou went to Ningyuan to station.

Huang Taiji sent an envoy to Jinzhou to tell Zu Dashou's wife that he would use his interests to induce Zu Dashou to surrender. Zu Dashou chose three hundred Mongolian and Han soldiers, and asked Zuk Yong, Yang Zhen and Xu Changyong to lead the troops, taking the road outside Jinzhou to reach the mouth of Wuxin River. Arsalan, a general of the Qing army, fought against the Ming army with 160 men, and the Qing army won, cutting 84 men and winning 150 horses.

Huang Taiji ordered to stop attacking Songshan, and then Jin Jun returned to Shengjing (now Shenyang, Liaoning). So Zu Dashou was stationed in Jinzhou again.

1640 (13th year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty and 5th year of Chongde in Qing Dynasty) In May of the lunar calendar, Huang Taiji visited Yizhou, and the Mongolian Soviet Union demanded surrender. Huang taiji ordered Girard Lang and others to lead 1500 troops to meet the enemy. Zu Dashou learned that the number of Qing troops was small, and ordered the guerrilla Deming to attack with 7,000 soldiers, including Songshan Company Commander Wu Sangui and Xingshan Company Commander Liu Zhouzhi, but he was defeated by Giralang.

So Huang taiji ordered Dourgen, Jill Harlan and others to attack Jinzhou in turn. 164 1 year (14th year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty and 6th year of Chongde in Qing Dynasty). In March of the lunar calendar, Huang Taiji sent troops to besiege Jinzhou again. BenQ Liao Governor Hong Chengchou led eight company commanders, including Wu Sangui, to come to help, with a strength of130,000, and was stationed in Songshan. Huang taiji personally led the army to cut off the route for providing foodstuff for the Ming army, and the Ming army was in chaos. The Qing army tried to kill them, and Governor Hong Chengchou was besieged in Songshan.

1642 (15 years of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty and 7 years of Chongde in Qing Dynasty) In February of the lunar calendar, Songshan City was broken. After Hong Chengchou was captured, he was sent to Shengjing (now Shenyang, Liaoning), and Hong Chengchou surrendered to the Qing Dynasty.

1642 (the 15th year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty and the 7th year of Chongde in Qing Dynasty) At the beginning of March of the lunar calendar, Jinzhou, which was besieged for a whole year, ran out of food, and the horror of cannibalism in the city was repeated. So Zu Dashou led his troops out of Kaesong on the eighth day of March.

When the good news reached Shengjing, Huang Taiji was overjoyed and ordered Zu Dashou to be sent to Shengjing immediately. When Zu Dashou fell to his knees in the government worship hall, Huang Taiji stepped down from his throne, helped him up personally and said kindly, "The last time you betrayed me, it was for your master, your wife and children, and your clan. I once told ministers that Zu Dashou must not die. If I surrender later, I will never kill him. Things have passed, as long as you can serve me wholeheartedly in the future. "

Zu Dashou was awarded the position of company commander of Zhenghuang Banner of Han Army. Tashan and Xingshan also fell into the hands of the Qing army. Outside Shanhaiguan, there is only an isolated city in Ningyuan. Zu Dashou's nephew, Wu Sangui, was not only the company commander of Ningyuan, a military town in the Ming Dynasty, but also the prefect of Liaodong, commanding the Ming army outside the customs. Huang Taiji asked Zu Dashou to write a letter of surrender to Wu Sangui, but Wu Sangui refused to reply. 1644 (the first year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty) In September of the lunar calendar, Aisingiorro Fu Lin arrived in Beijing from Shengjing (now Shenyang, Liaoning Province) under the escort of JiErlang, the minister of auxiliary government, and Zu Dashou followed him into the customs.

1656 (13th year of Shunzhi), Zu Dashou died of illness in the residence of Zujia Street in Beijing.