Liao was the minority regime in the northeast during the Song Dynasty in the Central Plains, and Xixia was the regime in the northwest!
After the alliance of Shan Yuan, Song and Liao reached a peace agreement, and Song gave Liao old coins every year, which was about a brotherly country. Whoever has an elderly monarch is a brother. It is called this in the official credentials; After Song and Xixia reached a peace agreement, Song gave Xixia a New Year's coin, and Xixia surrendered to Song.
At the end of Liao Dynasty, Jin rose and allied with Song to attack Liao. After the two sides destroyed Liao, Jin broke the contract and sent troops to attack Song. The alliance between the two sides broke down, and Song and Jin turned to confrontation.
When Liao people were strong, they conquered Jurchen, and when they fell, they were destroyed by Jurchen. Jurchen established Jin, and the rulers conquered the nomadic people in the north by the way when they pursued Liao people. Temujin stood out from the nomadic people in the north. After integrating the nomadic people, he joined hands with the Southern Song Dynasty to eliminate the Jin Dynasty.
Extended data
The political system of the Song Dynasty generally followed the political system of the Tang Dynasty, except that the prime minister was no longer the governor of the three provinces, but the minister was the flat chapter in charge of the same book. It also added a deputy minister who participated in government affairs, commonly known as ruling, and collectively referred to as "slaughter" with the prime minister. In the Song Dynasty, the relative power was greatly reduced, and it was only responsible for administrative functions. Zhongshumen and Privy Council are collectively called the Second House, which is in charge of civil affairs and military affairs.
There are also three divisions, namely, Salt and Iron Division, Household Division and Expenditure Division, which are in charge of financial power, the so-called provincial plan. In this way, the three powers, namely, the three secretaries, the generals and the Tang Dynasty, balanced each other, thus weakening the relative power and strengthening the imperial power. In Song Dynasty, an admonition court and an admonition officer were set up outside Yushitai, which were the supervisory bodies responsible for impeachment and other affairs. After this reform, the emperor can take over the power.
The government of the Northern Song Dynasty divided power, with many people as prime ministers. At the same time, it also set up Tang envoys, political advisers and three secretaries to divide the military, political and financial power of the prime ministers, which made the emperor's power exceed that of previous dynasties.
The Song Dynasty also implemented an official appointment system that separated official titles from actual positions, that is, the system of "official, post and difference". An official is an official name, such as Shangshu and Assistant Minister, but it is only a virtual title, which is used for grading and fixing salary; Post, and competent, is awarded the honorary title of some civil servants, there is no actual post, such as bachelor, straight cabinet, etc.;
Dispatching is an official's actual duty, so it is also called career officer, tang dynasty envoy, three department envoy, etc. , belong to this category. Ordinary officials put the words "examine, know, have the right, control and upgrade" before their posts, such as examining temple affairs, knowing state affairs and upgrading, to show their assignment. The purpose of this is also to concentrate power.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Northern Song Dynasty