The Yunnan-Myanmar Border Affairs Committee adopted his idea, that is, "we should send personnel to conduct a detailed investigation first, and then negotiate." . Otherwise, failure will be dangerous. 1October, 1929, 1 1, the Ministry of the Interior and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs jointly formally appointed him as the border affairs investigator of Yunnan and Myanmar, responsible for presiding over all matters related to the investigation. He deeply felt that "it is a matter of national affairs, arduous work and great responsibility" and was determined to make preparations with a highly responsible attitude towards the country and the nation. While continuing to collect information on border affairs, he carefully selected survey and survey personnel. 1930 Since May, Yin Mingde has organized six investigation teams, disguised as small traders, and separately sneaked into China's ancient Tusi areas, such as Chashan, Lima and Mengyang in the northern section, and carried out detailed exploration. He also disguised himself as Zhang and took a regiment from Tengchong in June 5438+February of the same year, and went deep into the boundary of the northern section of the China-Myanmar border. After going through difficulties and obstacles, they finally obtained a large number of detailed first-hand information about the uncertain invasion of the northern section by British imperialism for many years and its military, political, transportation and educational facilities. They returned in February. The telephone number is 193 1. According to the investigation results of each team, he compiled a volume of Sino-British Negotiation History of the Yunnan-Myanmar Border, a volume of Investigation Report on the Northern Section of the Yunnan-Myanmar Border, eight volumes of Notes on the Investigation of the Northern Border of Yunnan, and a volume of photography of Tiannan Pian Yu, with detailed maps and sketches. "Mingde and each group of personnel, whereabouts, are recorded. All this is related to border affairs, whether for the British, for the journey, for the exotic, or for historical anecdotes. In order to sort it out, I submitted it to the government as the basis for negotiations. " All these surveys are extremely valuable historical materials. He described the difficulties and obstacles experienced by the investigation team as follows:
"... in the winter of the eighteenth year of the Republic of China, the Central Committee was ordered to follow Mingde to investigate. Mingde grew up on the edge of Yunnan without shirking. Later, I returned to my hometown, selected surveyors and people familiar with the border situation, and successively formed six groups, disguised as vendors, and went to the undefined Chashan, Lima, Mengyang and the places where Liwei belongs, Iraq and other places in the northern section for detailed exploration. Mingde also changed his name, and another group of people conducted in-depth exploration. From the beginning of each group, the British took strict preventive measures, the wild, cold and hot climate, so the trip was repeated. Some were arrested and searched by the British, and some wanted to harm wild aliens; Some people passed the Gaoligong Snow Mountain in severe winter, walked in the ice and snow, and died in the snow cellar; Others ran in the into the badlands in hot summer and rainy days, were bound by poison, and several people died. Fortunately, thanks to the prestige of the country, everything is salty, and every birthday pays off ... "
He wrote in the preface to the investigation report on Yunnan-Myanmar border affairs and aftermath:
"... the northern section is uncertain and extremely vast. The British invaded by stages, stationed troops freely, demarcated freely, set up a government freely, and sent them to the portal freely. The British turned a deaf ear to our national voice and Beijing's protests. They not only despised the sovereignty of the Republic of China, but also exhausted international moral etiquette. If I keep silent again and don't put forward business negotiations quickly, I'm afraid it will be too late, and the situation will be completely out of control ... "
1933, the British army invaded the silver mine in Banhong and Banlao tribal areas of Wa nationality in Cangyuan County, Yunnan Province, which aroused the anger of Wa nationality and people of all ethnic groups in China. The Banhong tribe fought back first. Although more than a dozen villages were destroyed by enemy gunfire, they still persisted in their struggle. Finally, with the support of the local Han and Dai people, the British army was finally repelled. This is the "Ban Hong Incident" in history. To this end, Yin Mingde was hired as an adviser to the Treaty Committee of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to participate in the study and handling of the southern border issue. 1935 was appointed as the Chinese member of the boundary committee of the southern Yunnan-Myanmar section of the Sino-British Surveying Association, and participated in sectional survey and survey. By the end of April of the following year, many mistakes in the original Sino-British joint survey treaty line had been corrected, and many political area revision lines had been delineated. This time, he wrote a six-volume survey of the southern boundary between Yunnan and Myanmar.
1May 1936 to1May 1947, Yin Mingde was appointed as the Commissioner of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to handle the border affairs between China and Myanmar. 194 1 June, participated in the whole process of exchange of letters between China and Myanmar, and was ordered to draw up the plan put forward by China. In this negotiation, China recaptured more than 2,000 square kilometers of land in Banhong, Ximeng, Mengsuo, Meng Jiao, Mengka, workers and peasants, Gongyong, Manghui and other places west of Mengdong. In the winter of the same year, according to the exchange of letters, the Chinese and British governments prepared to go to southern Xinjiang to demarcate and set up boundary markers. He was also appointed as the Commissioner of China demarcation, but due to the outbreak of the Pacific War, the demarcation work was forced to stop.
1942, the Japanese invaded south, Tengchong and Longling successively fell, and the situation in Yunnan was very critical. Being familiar with the situation in western Yunnan, Mr. Li Genyuan, the Yunnan-Guizhou supervisor, telegraphed the Chongqing Foreign Ministry that he went to the Dali supervisor's embassy in the name of the Commissioner to assist in the war of resistance in western Yunnan. He arrived in Dali in July, that is, Li Genyuan and Song Xilian, commander-in-chief of the Eleventh Army, jointly reported to the Chongqing authorities, and appointed him to Tengchong and Longling border areas on behalf of the Chongqing Military Commission to express condolences to the Tusi and the anti-Japanese people of all ethnic groups, and to organize and launch anti-Japanese guerrilla warfare. After receiving the order, he set out from Dali on August 1 1, and after going through difficulties and dangers, he moved to various parts of the border area. At this time, due to the fall of Teng, some minority leaders and the masses in the border area were at a loss for a while. Upon his arrival, Yin Mingde conveyed to them the attitude of the central government towards the War of Resistance and the determination of Mr. Li Genyuan and Commander-in-Chief Song Xilian, encouraging them to unite, enhancing their confidence in the War of Resistance and defending their territory. The trip lasted nearly three months and played a positive role in promoting the support of the people of all ethnic groups in the border area for the war of resistance. 165438+ In early October, Yin Mingde returned to Dali and wrote two volumes of Xuanwei Diary. To this, Mr. Li Genyuan once praised it as a poem:
"Pedestrians Yin Mingde, sacrifice into the battlefield.
Make up a toast and pass on what I mean. "
Song Xilian also praised him in the telegram, saying, "I admire you for loving your motherland and hometown, not avoiding difficulties and obstacles, going deep behind enemy lines and helping to raise everything." After recovering Tengchong, Yin Mingde was elected as the director of Tengchong Rehabilitation Committee, and became the principal of Tengchong Vocational Middle School, devoted to various rehabilitation and reconstruction undertakings. 1948 In March, Yin Mingde was elected as the representative of Tengchong National Congress.
195 1 In April, Yin Mingde was specially invited to attend the meeting of people's representatives from all ethnic groups and walks of life in Baoshan Special Zone, and was elected as the resident member of the CPPCC in Baoshan Special Zone, and served as the director of the office of Baoteng (Baoshan-Tengchong) Highway Construction Committee. 1952 65438+In February, Yin Mingde was elected as a member of Baoshan District People's Government Committee. 1February, 953 as a counselor in the provincial counselor's office. Yin Mingde was invited to participate in a series of preparatory work in the process of Zhou Enlai personally presiding over the settlement of the China-Myanmar border issue. Yin Mingde did his best to compile a compilation of 1954 June China-Myanmar border affairs negotiations. 1in the summer of 956, Yin Mingde participated in the work of Yunnan Border Historical Materials Group. 1In March, 957, Yin Mingde went to Beijing twice at the invitation of the Premier, reported on the border between China and Myanmar, and dined at the same table with Premier Zhou. Premier Zhou went to Kunming to meet with Myanmar representatives and invited Yin Mingde to accompany him to the welcoming banquet by special plane. After returning to Beijing, Yin Mingde was invited to the Tiananmen observation deck on 1957 National Day.
1957, member of Yunnan Provincial Political Consultative Conference. 196 1, Yin Mingde served as deputy director of the Literature and History Research Committee of Yunnan Provincial Political Consultative Conference and deputy director of the office. He also presided over the compilation of the book "Selected Historical Materials of Mingzhi Yunnan" and participated in the editing and publishing of 9 Yunnan literature and history data sets. Actively study the border issue.
19 18 re-admitted to the Department of Mechanical Weaving of the National Beijing Institute of Technology. During the May 4th Movement, he was elected as a representative of an industrial school to join the student union and participated in the destruction of Zhao Jialu. After graduation, he served as the director of Wuchang forestry experimental field of the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce. 1in the spring of 924, he entered the research class of Beijing University of Technology for further study, and concurrently served as the editor-in-chief of Tengchong Daily founded by Tengchong students in Beijing. From then on, he began to pay attention to the border issue between China and Myanmar, and began to collect historical facts about the border affairs between Yunnan and Myanmar in the Guangxu Treaty for the reference of Chinese people.
Explore the border in depth
1in the spring of 929, the Jingpo people in Jiangxinpo resisted the British invasion and sent representatives to Tengchong to petition the government. Therefore, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Nanjing Government set up the Yunnan-Myanmar Border Affairs Research Committee, and Yin Mingde was recommended to participate. The Yunnan-Myanmar Border Affairs Research Committee adopted his proposal of "sending personnel to conduct detailed investigation first, and then conducting negotiations". He was appointed as an investigator for border affairs between Yunnan and Myanmar. From May 1930, an investigation team was organized to go deep into the undefined ancient Tusi areas in China, such as Chashan, Lima and Mengyang, and carry out detailed exploration. In 65438+February of the same year, Yin Mingde disguised himself, took a group of people from Tengchong, went deep into the border area of the northern section of the China-Myanmar border after difficulties and obstacles, and returned in February of 193 1 year, completing the 1 volume "Negotiation History of Yunnan-Myanmar Border Affairs" and "Investigation Report on the Northern Section of Yunnan-Myanmar Border Affairs".
Negotiate with Britain
1933, Britain sent a prospecting team to explore minerals in the undecided furnace room in the southern part of Yunnan and Myanmar, which caused disputes. At the beginning of the following year, Britain sent troops to occupy the furnace house area, which was met with heroic resistance from people in border counties. It was called "Ban Hong Incident" in history. Yin Mingde was hired as an adviser to the Treaty Committee of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to participate in the study and handling of the southern border issue. 1September, 1935, he was appointed as a Chinese member of the Sino-British Joint Investigation Committee on the South Section of Yunnan and Myanmar, and participated in the sectional investigation and exploration. By the end of exploration in April of the following year, many mistakes in the original Sino-British Joint Survey Treaty line had been corrected, and many political areas had been revised (this line was called "Gong Hu Batkai Mountain Line"). During this trip, he wrote six volumes of Adventures in the Southern Border of Yunnan and Myanmar.
1941June as the special correspondent of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. China returned to Banhong, Ximeng, Mengsuo, Meng Jiao, Mengka, Gongnong, Gongyong and Manghui, west of Mengyi, with a total territory area of 2,000 square kilometers. In the winter of the same year, he was appointed as a member of the China Demarcation Commission to erect boundary markers on the southern border between China and Myanmar, but the demarcation work was stopped due to the outbreak of the Pacific War.
Assist Premier Zhou to demarcate the border.
195 1 April, specially invited to attend the meeting of people's representatives of all ethnic groups and all walks of life in Baoshan Special Zone, elected as the resident member of the CPPCC in Baoshan Special Zone, and served as the director of the office of Baoteng (Baoshan-Tengchong) Highway Construction Committee. 1952 12 was elected as a member of Baoshan District People's Government Committee. 1February, 953 as a counselor in the provincial counselor's office. Yin Mingde was invited to participate in a series of preparatory work in the process of Zhou Enlai personally presiding over the settlement of the China-Myanmar border issue. He did his best to compile four volumes of "China-Myanmar Negotiations" in June 1954. /kloc-in the summer of 0/956, he participated in the work of Yunnan border historical materials group. 1In March, 957, Yin Mingde went to Beijing twice at the invitation of the Premier, reported on the border between China and Myanmar, and dined at the same table with Premier Zhou. Premier Zhou went to Kunming to meet the Myanmar representative and invited him to accompany the special plane to the welcoming banquet. After returning to Beijing, he was invited to the Tiananmen observation deck on the National Day of 1957.
From 1957, Yin Mingde was appointed as a member of Yunnan Provincial Political Consultative Conference. 196 1, deputy director of the Literature and History Research Committee of Yunnan Provincial Political Consultative Conference and deputy director of the office. He also presided over the compilation of the book "Selected Historical Materials of Mingzhi Yunnan" and participated in the editing and publishing of 9 Yunnan literature and history data sets. 197 1 year1kloc-0/month, Yin Mingde died. Japanese invaders invaded the border area of Longteng. In July, Yin Mingde was entrusted by Song Xilian, Commander-in-Chief of the Eleventh Army, and Li Genyuan, Governor of Yunnan-Guizhou Province, to express condolences to the leaders and the anti-Japanese masses behind enemy lines on behalf of Chongqing Military Commission. On September 2, he sneaked into Hexi, and met with Hong Xing, Zhao Baoxian, deputy teachers of the Second Preparatory Division, and representatives of anti-Japanese mass organizations in Lianghe area, such as Jiang Chunwei, Yin Peiqing, Hou Shouan, Xu Pinzheng, Jiang Ruqin, Xiong Tinghe, Zhao Baozhong, Shang Zigui, Duo Yongqing and Meng Maotu. On September 5th, he went to Snake Island to express his condolences to the toast Gong Shou and his son, and presented the toast with a telegram from the National Government, a plaque inscribed by Li Genyuan, a machine gun L Ting donated by Song Xilian and a hundred bullets. Tusi sent a letter of surrender to the National Government. 1 1 The army approved Yin Mingde's plan to set up a self-defense force in the western Yunnan border region in Lianghe, and appointed Gong Shou and Zhao Baoxian as commanders of the second and third route armies respectively. Yin Mingde went to Jiubao to make propaganda and agitation for saving the nation for Zhao Baozhong and Yang Yubang. 65438+ 10 returned to Dali. There are two volumes of Comfort Diary in this trip.
After recovering Tengchong, he was elected as the director of Tengchong Rehabilitation Committee and the principal of Tengchong Vocational Middle School, and devoted himself to various rehabilitation and reconstruction undertakings. 1March, 948, was elected as the representative of Tengchong County National Congress.