Zhuzhici is a kind of poetic style, which is a folk song of Bemba and Chongqing. As a scholar who turned folk songs into poems in Tang Dynasty, Liu Yuxi had a great influence on later generations. In the long historical development of Zhi Zhu's Ci, due to the changes of social history and the influence of the author's personal thoughts and emotions, his works can be roughly divided into three types: one is the folk songs collected and preserved by literati; Secondly, the literati absorbed and integrated the essence of Zhi Zhu's ballads and created poems with strong folk songs; The third category is the seven-character quatrains written by borrowing the style of Zhi Zhu's Ci, which are still popular today and named after "Zhi Zhu Ci". Since then, people like Zhi Zhu's Ci more and more, so it is called "Zhi Zhu".

original text

The willows in Jiang Shuiping are green, and I can hear the songs on the Langjiang River.

Rain in the east, sunrise in the east, said it was not sunny, but it was still sunny.

translate

The Qinghe River in Yangliuqing is wide and flat, and I hear my lover's voice singing on the river.

Sunrise in the east and rain in the west say it's sunny but sunny.

To annotate ...

⑴ Zhi Zhu Ci: the title of Yuefu modern music. Also known as bamboo branches. Originally a folk song in eastern Sichuan, Liu Yuxi, a native of the Tang Dynasty, created new words based on folk songs, and wrote more about the love between men and women and the customs of the Three Gorges, which spread widely. Poets of later generations mostly take Zhuzhi Ci as their theme, writing about love and customs. Its form is seven-character quatrains.

⑵ Clear: homophonic with "emotion". "All Tang Poems": Also write "Love".

Creation background

Liu Yuxi served as the secretariat of Kuizhou from the first month of 822 AD (the second year of Changqing in Tang Muzong) to the summer of 824 AD (the fourth year of Changqing), and wrote eleven poems about Zhi Zhu, which was one of them.

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Zhuzhici is a folk song in eastern Sichuan in ancient times. People sing while dancing, accompanied by drums and piccolo. In the singing contest, whoever sings the most will be the champion. Liu Yuxi liked this kind of folk songs very much when he was a secretary of Kuizhou. He absorbed the spirit of Qu Yuan's "Nine Songs" and used the scores of local folk songs to create new Zhi Zhu Ci, which described the local landscape and love between men and women and was full of life. Genre is the same as seven-character quatrains. However, in writing, line drawing is used more than allusions, the language is fresh and lively, vivid and fluent, and the folk songs are rich in color. Liu Yuxi wrote many poems about Zhi Zhu, and this is one of them.

This is a poem describing the love between young men and women. It describes a girl's inner activity of falling in love for the first time when she heard her lover's song on a beautiful spring day.

The first sentence, "The willow trees in Jiang Shuiping are green", describes the scene in front of the girl with the method of awakening. The so-called "xing" means touching things and feeling, which is related to the situation to be expressed later. It is not directly related, but it is indispensable in poetry. The willow tree by the river described in this sentence is the most likely to arouse people's feelings.

The second sentence "I heard the song on the Langjiang River". In this touching environment, the girl suddenly heard the voice of young people floating on the river. This song is like a stone thrown into a calm river, splashing ripples and affecting the girl's emotional waves.

Three or four sentences, "The east rises and the west falls, and the weather is sunny on the road", write about the psychological activities of girls after hearing songs. She has long liked this young man, but the other party has never made it clear. Today, I heard some deep feelings from his singing, so she felt: this man's heart is like unpredictable weather, saying it is sunny, but in fact it is raining in the west; Call it a rainy day, but the sun shines in the east. In the sentence "There is a saying that it is sunny, but it is sunny", the poet skillfully links the two unrelated things "sunny" and "love" with homophonic puns, showing the delicate feelings of the first-love girl.

This poem uses the changeable spring weather as a pun, and uses "sunny" to express "love", which has implicit beauty and is very natural for expressing women's shyness. The latter two sentences have always been loved and quoted by later generations.

Using homophonic puns to express thoughts and feelings is a common expression technique in China folk songs from ancient times to the present. This poem expresses the love of young men and women in this way, which is more natural, subtle and clear, with harmonious syllables and quite folkway, but it is more subtle and subtle than ordinary folk songs. So it has always been loved by people.

Brief introduction of the author

Liu Yuxi (772 ~842) was born in Luoyang, Henan, and Xingyang, Zhengzhou, Henan. He claimed to be a descendant of Wang Jing in Hanzhong. Ministers, writers and philosophers in the Tang Dynasty were called "poets". His family is a scholarly family handed down from generation to generation by Confucianism. Advocating political innovation is one of the core figures of the Wang school's political innovation activities. Later, Yongzhen failed in innovation and was demoted to Sima Langzhou (now Changde, Hunan). According to the textual research of Mr. Zhou, a historian and collector in Changde, Hunan Province, Liu Yuxi was demoted to Sima Langzhou, during which he wrote the famous "Han Shou Chun Wang".