The biography of Master Sanzang, abbreviated as Biography of Kindness, is the earliest and most detailed biography of Xuanzang's life. It is also the earliest existing long personal biography in China. The content is extremely rich, involving people, religion, politics, culture, folk customs and many other fields. It is a precious document in the seventh century and occupies an extremely important position in the history of Buddhism, literature, politics and transportation. Liang Qichao praised the biography of Xuanzang in zhina Imperial Palace as "the first of all biographies of famous people in ancient and modern times".
Monk Xuanzang, surnamed Chen, was born in Yanshi, Luozhou. At the end of the great cause, I became a monk and learned many classics. It is said that translators have many mistakes and fallacies, so they go to the western regions to seek differences extensively to test them. At the beginning of Zhenguan, I traveled around the western regions with businessmen. Since Xuanzang is argumentative and knowledgeable, it is bound to be difficult to explain, and barbarians from far and near stay at a respectful distance. In the seventeen years in the Western Regions, after more than 100 countries, I learned the language of the country, still adopted its mountains and rivers, and all the land was returned, and wrote twelve volumes of "Records of the Western Regions". In the nineteenth year of Zhenguan, he returned to the capital. Taizong saw it, liked it, and talked with it. So he sent a letter to translate 657 volumes of Brahma in Hongfu Temple, and still ordered the right servant to shoot Fang and Xu, the son of Prince Zuo, and called more than 50 people to learn from Samana to help the whole match.
In the East Palace, Emperor Gaozong pursued happiness for Empress Wende, and built a Ji 'en Temple and a prayer-turning courtyard, in which a large scroll was built, and nine songs and various famous prostitutes who went to Beijing were covered, and monks such as Xuanzang and prayer-turning statues were sent to live in Ji 'en Temple. In the first year of the Qing Dynasty, he also ordered Zuo Fu to shoot Yu Zhining, Shi Zhongxu, Zhongshu Assistant Minister Li Yifu, Zhongshu Assistant Minister Du, Zhongshu Assistant Minister and so on. With the help of Dr. Fan Yishuo and Gao Ruosi, a bachelor of Guo Yu and Hongwen Museum, they polished the Buddhist scriptures created by Xuanzang. Where there are seventy-five pieces, let them out. After that, Beijingers rushed to pay homage, and Xuanzang was invited to translate quietly and moved to Yuhua Palace in Yijun Mountain. He died in six years, at the age of 56, and was buried in Bailuyuan, where tens of thousands of scholars and women were buried.
The mage was afraid of Xuanzang, whose common surname was Chen, and Chen stayed behind. Han Taiqiu grows behind the middle bow. Great-grandfather Qin, late Wei Shangdang Taishou. Zukang, an outstanding scholar, is a doctor in the food city, and his descendants also come from this family. Father Hui, Yingjie has elegant exercises, early birth of Confucian classics, eight feet long, fine eyes, what a scholar, and Guo Youdao, a contemporary. Simple nature, no business promotion. In addition, it belongs to the decline of the Sui government, so I devoted myself to the tomb raiding code. States and counties frequently pay tribute to Lian Xiao and Li Si. For their lives, they refused to give up their diseases, so they got to know each other. There are four people, and the mage is the fourth son.
Young and wise, wise and enlightened. At the age of eight, my father sat by a few sides and dictated the Book of Filial Piety. When he left Ceng Zi, he suddenly perked up. Asked why, he said to him, "Ceng Zi was ordered out of the party by the teacher. Give me a kind training today, why should I sit still? " Father was very happy and knew it would be successful. He called on the people to say that they all congratulated him and said, "This public also promoted Wu!" " Such is its early wisdom. Learn classics and love the ancient and the virtuous, don't care about elegant and upright books, and don't learn the wind of sages; Do not pay the party of childhood, do not involve the door; Although the bells and drums are loud (left mouth and right mouth) in the thoroughfare, hundreds of plays are called songs in the hutongs, and the women are brilliant, but they have never appeared. I know little about color, and I am gentle and sincere.
His second brother Jie became a monk first, lived in Jingtu Temple, and was able to preach the Dharma, because he was going to the Dojo to teach the scriptures. By chance, there were 27 monks in Luoyang, and hundreds of them were excellent in their careers. The mage stood by the public gate because he was young and young. At that time, Zheng, a native of Dali, had the insight of a wise man. He was surprised when he saw it and asked, "Whose son is it?" An answer to the clan. He asked again, "Do you want a degree?" Answer: "Of course. But isn't it better to learn from the industry? " Ask again: "What did you do when you became a monk?" A: "I want to stay away from the Buddha, and I want to be close to the light." The fruit is deep in its ambition and virtuous in its appearance, so it is specially taken. Because the bureaucrat said: "It is easy to recite a major, and it is rare to have a strong personality. You spend this child, it will be a great tool for opening the door, but I'm afraid you will be exposed if you don't see it. No matter how famous people are, they can't be lost. " Today, Zheng Qing's words are true.
Once you become a monk, don't be with your brother again. At that time, there was a net master in the temple who was talking about Nirvana Sutra, lying down with a scroll in his hand, forgetting to eat and sleep. I also studied Master Yan's "Take the Mahayana Theory" and loved drama. Once you smell it, you will do it. After reading it again, there is nothing left. All the salty people were amazed, so they were promoted to retell the story, and the cadence was smooth to prepare for the master. Beautiful fragrance, from here, when I was thirteen years old.
Later, the Sui Dynasty lost its imperial power, and the world was boiling. The imperial city is the home of Jie Li and Zhi. River and Luo are the nests of jackals. Clothes were worn out, French people were killed, bones were handed over, and fireworks were cut off. Despite the Wang-Dong Rebellion, Liu-Shi Rebellion and China disaster, and the loss of life at sea, nothing happened. Although the mage has lived since childhood and has a flexible mind, he said to his brother, "This is my parents' city, but if I am in chaos, how can I keep it and die?" "Today, I heard that the people of Jinyang, the Lord of the Tang Dynasty, have occupied Chang 'an, and the world is like a suitable parent. I would like to vote with my brothers. "Brothers from it, that is, all come, when the first year of martial arts.
At that time, the foundation of the country, the soldiers were still prosperous, Sun Zhi and Wu Zhi were urgent affairs, and the way of Confucius and Buddhism was not satisfactory, so the capital kept silent and the mage was deeply generous. At the beginning, Yang Di built four Dojo to attract the world's eminent monks to live in Yan. Its recruiters are all highly skilled artists, so the method is named after Lin, Jing, Tuo, Kyrgyzstan and Siam. At the end of the national rebellion, the supply stopped, and many people went to Mian and Shu to learn the law and prosper. The mage, Qi Xiong, said, "This is impossible and cannot be abolished. I want to go to Shu to find a job. " Brother follows it. My brother and I crossed the Meridian Valley into Hanchuan, and then we met Master Kang and Master Jing of Dojo Dade. We met each other late and were sad and happy. After stopping for more than a month, I learned my lesson and went to Chengdu.
All virtues are extracted and laws are established. So I listened to "On Photos", "Bitan" and "Gayan" by earthquake masters Ji and Siam. Respect and cherish every inch of Yin and make unremitting efforts. In two or three years, we studied all ministries and commissions. When the world is hungry and chaotic, only Shu is quiet, so there are many eminent monks in the world, and there are often hundreds of people under the lecture. Mages are wise and talented, and they are all right. Wu Shu and Jingchu are ignorant and want to see the emblem of the wind, just like Qin Li and Guo Yi of the ancients.
Fargo, who lives in Konghui Temple in Chengdu, is also handsome, much like his father. He is good at studying at home and abroad. He can speak Nirvana Sutra, Mahayana Theory, Ada Dharma, and he is also familiar with Shu Zhuan, especially Lao and Zhuang, which are admired by Shu people and highly valued by general managers and officials. As for subordinate words, it is romantic; You deserve your brother. If you are graceful and unique, don't mix dust, travel for eight lives, be poor in Hyunri, aim at the universe, take the sage as the heart, give full play to your class, be frustrated by being extraordinary and refined, be tired of being involved in storms, and can't catch those who have been excessively ravaged. But in Kun Ji, the two of them are upright and elegant, although the Lushan brothers have nothing to say.
At the age of 20, the mage received five years of martial arts education in Chengdu, took charge of the Xia School, and learned five pieces and seven schools. I am poor in economy and research, and I want to go to Beijing to ask about my special purpose. The form of the article is also left for my brother and cannot be satisfied. A private husband married a businessman, took a boat on the Three Gorges and fled to the Emperor Temple in Jingzhou along the river. His way is very vulgar and has been passed down for a long time. Since it belongs to the instrument, let's apply it. In order to teach "the theory of photos" and "the moon is printed on a blue pond", the master received three lectures in summer and winter respectively. At that time, the king of Hanyang was close to Sheng Deyi, and he was very happy when he heard the arrival of his master. He bowed down. On the day of the topic, Wang led a group of people who were proficient in Taoism and customs. Therefore, the custom is rising, and the mage pays for the explanation and is willing to take care of it. Among them, those who are deeply enlightened are heartbroken. Wang also lamented the promise, squandering like a mountain and taking nothing.
After the lecture, I went back to the north to seek virtue. To Xiangzhou, Master Jianxiu, it is difficult to ask. I went to Zhaozhou again, where I studied realism. He once again entered Chang 'an, stayed at Xueyuan Temple, and studied the Theory of Abandoning Everything with Yue as his teacher. They all tried their best over and over again and were remembered by their eyes, although they could not go out after studying in old age. As for those who are deeply fascinated and far-reaching, slightly open and out of the reach of the public, it is not reasonable to just look at the secluded Olympics.
At that time, Chang 'an had two great virtues, namely, arguing constantly, solving the second multiplication and being poor in learning. He was a craftsman who went to Beijing, and he returned to China. The Tao inspired China and made a sound overseas, and the couple followed like a cloud. Although it contains a comprehensive classic, it is about "taking the theory of multiplication". The mage has made great contributions to Wu Shu. Since he came to Chang 'an, he has been exploring and collecting, but all the profound achievements have been exhausted. The two virtues were deeply rewarded, saying that the mage said, "You can say that you are a pony that can explain the door thousands of miles away. You should bow at your place tomorrow. If you hate our old age, you will never see us again. " The apprentice will naturally change, and his reputation will be all over Beijing.
The wizards visited all the teachers, prepared speeches and examined their meanings in detail. Each of them was good at scribbling and testing the scriptures, but they also showed their differences, so they didn't know what to do. He vowed to go west to solve his doubts, and he solved them with seventeen theories, which are the theories of today's yogis. He also said: "People who showed wisdom and strictness for a while can seek laws to guide their lives. Does it mean that the high trace does not chase, and the breeze never loses? " This gentleman will be the heir. "So the couple spoke, and a letter forbade them. Everyone retreated, but the mage was unyielding.
This is a lonely journey and a dangerous journey to the west, but it is a test of one's own heart and deserves to be with all kinds of human suffering. However, I began to search for the tower, and I declared my will. I want to implore all saints Myouga so that I can go without a stalk. At the beginning of the mage's life, the mother dream mage went west in white. Mother said, "You are my son. Where do you want to go now? " Answer: "Seek the Dharma and die." This is also a harbinger of travel.
In the autumn and August of the third year of Zhenguan, you must draw first and seek good luck. In the evening, I dreamed that there were Su Fan Lushan and Four Treasures of the Study in the sea, which were very beautiful. I want to climb the mountain, but Hong Tao is very rugged and there are no boats. I don't think I'm afraid, but I decided to participate. Suddenly, I saw the lotus coming out of the waves. I should have been born with my feet, but I looked at it and died with my feet. It will soon be at the foot of the mountain, and it is very steep. Try to soar, there is a rush, help to rise, to the top of the mountain, look around, there is no obstacle. If you are happy, you will do it. At the age of 26.
There was a filial piety monk from Zhou Qin who studied Nirvana Sutra in Beijing and went back to China with him. Go to Qin Zhou, stay one night, pick up Lanzhou Company, and then go to Lanzhou. One night, I met Liangzhou people to send the official horse home, and then I went with them. After the month stops, please open nirvana, phase theory and Prajna Sutra, all for development.
Liangzhou is a metropolis in Hexi, with a country in the west and a country in the right. Businessmen and their husbands and wives keep coming and going. On the opening day of the lecture, there were people full of treasures, all of whom were full of praise. They returned the beauty of the mage to their monarch, and why did Yun want to come to the west to seek dharma from Brahman countries, so all the cities in the western regions rejoiced in advance and stood ready for battle. On the day of meeting, Jane gave generously, and there were countless money, silver and horses. The mage took half the lamp and gave it to the temple.
At that time, the national government was still new and its territory was not far away, and people were forbidden to leave the country. At that time, Li Daliang was the governor of Liangzhou, so logging was strictly prohibited. Someone reported a bright cloud: "A monk came from Chang 'an and wanted to go to the west. I don't know what he means. " Liang was afraid and chased the mage to ask why. The mage reported: "I want to go to the west to seek dharma." "Bright smell, forced to return to Beijing.
He has master Wei Hui, the leader of Hexi, who is the inspiration and wisdom of God. He not only attached importance to the words and reasoning of the mage, but also recognized his ambition to seek dharma. He was so happy that he sent two disciples, one named Hui Lin and the other named Zheng Tao, and secretly sent them to the west. Natural dare not go out, stayed up all night and went to Guazhou. I am very happy to hear that Master Dugu has come, and the service is very generous. The mage visited the west road. Or someone reported: "From then on, there is a river (left melon and right Lu) more than 50 miles north, which is wide at the bottom and narrow at the top. The waves are urgent and deep. If you put Yumenguan on it, the road will be taken by it, which is the throat of the western border. There are five beacon towers in the northwest of Guanwai, where all the people waiting for the lookout live. Each tower is hundreds of miles apart, and there are no aquatic plants in it. Beyond the five peaks is Mohe Yanqi, the boundary of Yiwu. " When I heard the sadness, the horse I rode died again, and I didn't know what to do. I was silent for more than a month.
Before it was sent, another inspector from Liangzhou came and said, "A monk named Xuanzang is going to Xifan, and his county is waiting for him." Li Chang, a state official, is a believer and a suspicious mage. Then the secret order sent a message: "Isn't this the case?" The mage hesitated to report. It is often said: "Teachers must be honest. Definitely, the disciple is a teacher. " The mage answered with truth. Chang Wen highly praised Xi You and said, "A really capable teacher, destroy documents for the teacher." That is, before the crack broke, it was still saying, "The teacher must leave early."
It will naturally increase your worries. Starting with the second little monk, the Taoist priest went to Dunhuang first, and Huilin was there. Knowing that he couldn't bear to travel far, he let him go. So I got a horse in the deal, but no one was attracted by my pain. It is in front of the Maitreya Buddha statue in the temple that I want to get a person extradited. That night, a monk, Master Dharma Dream, sat in a lotus flower and headed west. Hateful and selfish, once you come, you will come for nothing. The joy of a mage is a sign of success. However, as the saying goes, "Dreams are vain, so why say more?" Please enter the Dojo ceremony. There are monks in Russia who come to worship the Buddha, and the mage performs two or three ceremonies. Ask him his name. His surname is Shi Zituo. This nonsense is to ask for precepts, in order to give five precepts. Hu was very happy and resigned. When he was young, cakes and fruits came more frequently. Seeing that he was bright and healthy, respectful and solemn, the mage told him what to do. Hu ren promised to send the teacher through five beacon towers. The mage was overjoyed, but he was more eager to buy a horse. The sun will come out tomorrow, and I will go into the grass. Soon, he and an old man came one after another on a thin and old red horse, and the mage was not worried. Shao Hu said, "This man is very familiar with western roads. He has traveled to and from Yiwu for more than 30 times, so I hope to have a flat ear when I come together." Gong Hu said that the West Road is sinister, the Shahe River is far away, and the heat is ghostly. There are many disciples, but they are countless. How can a teacher do it alone? Be willing to pour your own weight, and don't take your life lightly. The mage reported: "Being poor and seeking Buddhism benefits the West, but not the Brahman country. Never go back to the East. I won't regret it if I die. " Hu Weng said, "I'll go, but you can ride my horse. This horse is fifteen degrees against Iraq, and I know it. There are few teachers and horses, and it is unbearable to travel far. " The mage secretly thought that he would send a message to the West in Chang 'an. Magician He Hongda recited incantations and learned a lot. The mage ordered Zhan to act and said, "I'm leaving." Going is like riding an old red thin horse, and there is iron in front of the paint saddle bridge. " Seeing that the Hu people's horse was thin and bare, and the painted saddle was iron, he thought it was right and changed horses. Hu Weng rejoiced and saluted and left.
With such a costume, you don't have to wear hair at night. Xu arrived at the river in the middle of the night and saw the Yumen Pass in the distance. To pass Liu Shilixu, the two sides can be more than ten feet wide, and there are hutong trees next to them. Hu people cut firewood and build bridges, spread grass and fill sand, and drive horses past. The mage was happy when he crossed the river, but he stopped to have a rest because of driving. He was more than fifty paces away from the conference semifinals, and everyone went to bed. When I was young, the Hu people drew their swords, and the master Xu Xiang returned ten paces ago. I don't know what it means, and I suspect that I have infidelity, that is, chanting the scriptures and chanting Guanyin Bodhisattva. When the conference semifinals see themselves, they still lie down and sleep. At dawn, the mage called for water and washing, and fasted for delivery. Ren Hu said, "Disciple drew a dangerous distance ahead, and there were no aquatic plants. There is only water under the five beaches, so he can only steal it at night, but if he is caught in one place, he will die. It is better to return it and use it stably. " The mage didn't come back. But he leaned back, went in, showed his knife and bow, and ordered the mage to go forward. The mage refused to go first, so the Hu people stayed for several miles and said, "Disciple can't go. The family is tired, and the king can't be embarrassed. " The mage knew what it meant, so he gave it back. Ren Hu said, "A teacher can never reach his goal. What can you do if you are caught? " The mage reported: "Even if you cut this body like dust, it will not attract each other." Swear to Chen, which means stop it. Take the horse. Thank you. Leave.