Acipenser sinensis Gray belongs to Ostracoda, Actinidia, Chondroscleroderma, Acipenser sinensis, Acipenser sinensis and Acipenser sinensis. The body is spindle-shaped, with a long tip and four whiskers in front of the mouth. The mouth is located on the ventral side, which is elastic and can be stretched into a tube. The body is covered with five large and hard bone scales, one on the back and two on the side and abdomen. The names are commonly known as: sturgeon, bighead carp, scorpion, sturgeon, armor, wax, Qin Long, bighead carp, sturgeon shark and so on. Latin name: Chinese sturgeon English name: Chinese sturgeon (Aclpenser Sinensis Grdy) is a large-scale anadromous fish, which is an ancient and rare fish unique to China. One of the most primitive fish in the world. As early as 1 0,000 BC, the Chinese sturgeon was called the king of tuna. Acipenser sinensis belongs to ACIPENSER. Sturgeon first appeared in the early Triassic 230 million years ago, and has been living in the Yangtze River valley in China since then. It is really a "living fossil". Acipenser sinensis is a unique fish in China. Its body is spindle-shaped, with five hard scales on its surface, long snout, belly position and crooked tail. This is a marine migratory fish, which goes upstream along the Yangtze River from Haikou to Jinsha River to Pingshan every September-165438+1October. The hatched cubs grow in the river for a period of time, and then return to the Yangtze River estuary for fattening. Every autumn, when ACIPENSER sinensis migrates upstream, a large number of ACIPENSER sinensis can be caught in each river section, so it is known as the "fish king of the Yangtze River". Adult ACIPENSER sinensis is large and heavy, with male weighing 68- 106 kg and female weighing 130-250 kg. It is said that the highest record reached 500 kilograms. Acipenser sinensis also lays many eggs. A female sturgeon can lay one million eggs at a time, but the survival rate is not high. Finally, there are still some fish. Because the Yangtze River is relatively fast, fertilization is carried out in turbulent water waves, and natural fertilization is incomplete, destroying a number of fish eggs. In the process of hatching, fertilized eggs will lose a lot if they encounter enemies such as carnivorous fish or "surf ashore". Even if it hatches into a small fish, "eat small fish the Big Fish", there will be some losses. In this way, although there are many fish eggs, not many can "grow into fish" but carry on the family line. In fact, this is the result of reproductive adaptation during animal evolution. In the process of individual development, many species have lost a large number of offspring; On the contrary, it is even less. This is not the arrangement of "God", but those species with less money and greater losses have been eliminated in the long river of history. Although the Chinese sturgeon is huge, it feeds on Sven, only plankton and plant debris, and occasionally eats small fish and shrimp. According to statistics, the upper reaches of the Yangtze River can produce 20,000 to 30,000 kilograms of Chinese sturgeon every year. However, in recent years, overfishing, coupled with low reproductive rate and long maturity (about 10 year), its population has been decreasing. In order to prevent the extinction of this "living fossil" which is a special product of our country, the relevant departments have listed the Chinese sturgeon as a protected object. But some specific problems still need to be solved. For example, after the completion of the Gezhouba water control project on the Yangtze River, the reproductive migration channel of Chinese sturgeon from Haikou to Jinsha River was cut off, so that pregnant female sturgeons were blocked under the dam and died. How to solve the problem of fishway in dam area is imminent. Fortunately, it is reported that the artificial propagation and release of Chinese sturgeon have been successfully tested. If Chinese sturgeon can settle in fresh water and breed through concrete practice, it will be more practical. In China, sturgeon fossils were found in the Late Jurassic strata of Beipiao, Liaoning Province (10.40 billion years ago) and named Beipiao sturgeon. This sturgeon has only one line of lateral line scales on both sides, and the other body surfaces are bare, which is different from that of Chinese sturgeon with five lines of scales. Chinese sturgeon, also known as mandarin fish, is a national first-class protected animal. It is a kind of chondroscleroderma fish. Its body is spindle-shaped, its nose and mouth have plough-like protrusions, its base is broad, its nose and mouth are pointed and slightly inclined upward. Mouth in a row, with short whiskers in front. The eyes are very small, and there is a crescent-shaped spray hole on both sides of the head behind the eyes, and the whole body is covered with five rows of prismatic bone plates. The caudal fin is curved and the upper leaf is particularly developed. Chinese sturgeon is the highest among 27 species of sturgeon in the world. It is huge and powerful, with a length of over 4m and a weight of over1000kg. Acipenser sinensis has a special physiological structure, which has the characteristics of both ancient soft-ridged fish and many modern bony fish. Shaped like a shark, the scales are like large bone plates; The fish head is sharp and the mouth is under the jaw. Some traces of biological evolution can be seen from it, so it is called a living fossil in aquatic organisms and has high scientific research value. It is a treasure in the Yangtze River! Acipenser sinensis is a rare fish among the 27 species of sturgeon existing in the world. It is the southernmost sturgeon species in the world and the oldest vertebrate on the earth. It has a history of10.40 billion years and is known as a "living fossil". Due to the world-famous Gezhouba project on the Yangtze River, the spawning migration route of Chinese sturgeon was blocked. In order not to make the production and construction of human beings affect the survival of fish, 1982, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council adopted the advice of fish experts, and designated relevant state departments to examine and approve the establishment of a professional institution for rescuing Chinese sturgeon-Gezhouba Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute. The Institute releases more than 300,000 juvenile Chinese sturgeon to the Yangtze River every year. Since the first artificial breeding in 1984, 4.44 million juvenile Chinese sturgeon of various specifications have been released into the Yangtze River, and 6,500 large mullet have been released. Gezhouba Chinese sturgeon research institute, with the primary purpose of protecting Chinese sturgeon, has diversified its operations within the scope permitted by national laws and policies, and officially established and opened the Chinese sturgeon garden on 1993. The Chinese sturgeon Garden is located on Jiangxin Island, Jinji Road, Xiaoxita, Yichang County, Hubei Province, covering an area of 189 mu. Sturgeon Garden is strategically located, and the airport, railway station and port are close at hand.