This is the first civilian uprising in the history of China. In July of the first year of Qin Ershi (the first 209 years), a group of more than 900 people who were recruited to be stationed in Yuyang went to osawa Township (now southeast of Suxian County, Anhui Province), but failed to reach the garrison as scheduled due to heavy rain. According to the Qin law, if the deadline is lost, everyone is afraid. There are two captains to prevent stroke. One is Chen Sheng, a native of Yangcheng (now southwest of Henan Shangshui); One is the word uncle, from (now Taikang, Henan). They instigated the garrison uprising by means of "writing with the belly of a fish" and "singing with fire", and put forward the slogan "Great Chu prospers and Chen prospers" to rise up against Qin.

The rebels soon occupied several counties. Due to the continuous participation of the people, the army has developed rapidly. When Chen County (now Suiyang, Henan Province) was captured, there were already tens of thousands of infantry, more than a thousand cavalry and six or seven hundred chariots. Chen Sheng established himself as the king, and Zhang Chu (meaning Zhang Chu) was appointed as the fake king, and led the army to attack Xingyang (now Henan) in the west, killing Liu. All over the country, especially in the old Chu state, the people and the old nobles also rose up against the state of Qin.

The siege of Xingyang, Chen Sheng sent Zhou as a general, and the Western Expedition of the State of Qin. When Zhou arrived at the stage (now northeast of Lintong, Shaanxi, only a hundred miles away from Xianyang, the capital), he quickly ordered Shaofu to organize the torturers and slaves who built the mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor into an army to fight. Due to the lack of combat experience, the rebel army went deep alone and suffered setbacks one after another. Zhou Wen committed suicide.

With the development of the anti-Qin war, the weaknesses and contradictions within the rebel army gradually emerged. Chen Sheng became proud, listened to rumors, killed old friends, became increasingly alienated from the uprising masses, and the generals sent to various places no longer obeyed his constraints. The fake Wang Guangwu who besieged Xingyang also disagreed with Tian Cang, the general of the rebel army. Tian Cang killed Guangwu under the wrong command of Chen Sheng, which led to the collapse of the whole army. Won Xingyang and pounced on Chen County. Chen Sheng was difficult to engage in war, so he broke through and fled to the city father (now northwest of Mengcheng, Anhui Province) and was killed by the traitor Zhuang Jia. Since then, although Chen Sheng's Cangtou Army led by Lv Chen recovered Chenjun twice and executed Zhuang Jia, the Zhang Chu regime no longer exists. Although the uprisings of Chen Sheng and Guangwu failed in less than a year, they ignited the fire against Qin all over the country and quickly overthrew the rule of Qin Dynasty.