The influence of war
After Emperor Wu of Song launched the Northern Expedition, the scale of the war was far greater than any previous Northern Expedition. Moreover, victory is great. It was one of the Northern Expeditions in which China successfully recovered the old capital from a few northern expeditions of the southern regime and achieved the greatest results. Although later Guanzhong fell, from Tongguan in the west to Qingzhou in the east, which is now Shandong, the whole of Henan and Shandong became the territory of the Southern Dynasties. Later, the Song and Wei wars were mostly carried out on these lands, which made the Yangtze River basin calm for a long time.
Sima Guang described Emperor Wu of Song's hasty return to the east after the success of the Northern Expedition. When Guanzhong fell, he lamented: "It's a pity that a hundred-year-old bandit, a land thousands of miles away, was hard-won and lost, which made the rich city lose to bandits again." Xunzi said,' merger is easy, but consolidation is difficult.' Shinya！ "。 Different from Sima Guang's lament just now, Wang Fuzhi also expressed the reason why he thought Chang 'an was lost: "Emperor Wu of Song destroyed Yao and Qin and wanted to stay in Chang 'an, but failed, and the Central Plains finally disappeared. Historically speaking, Zuo Si will be returned, so does the decoration of Yu Si. ..... Fu Yu wants to return, eager to usurp, and his feelings have been consolidated. " However, Wang Fuzhi still affirmed that "in the Northern Expedition, non-disciples demonstrated to force the Lord to seize it, while those who had no ambition in the Central Plains lost, Chang' an fell, climbed north, and burst into tears, and wanted to lift it again"; He also compared Emperor Wu of Song with Cao Cao, saying that although he had shortcomings in employing people, he "contributed more to the world than Cao Cao", which obviously included the affirmation of the success of Emperor Wu of Song's Northern Expedition.
Lv Simian believes that the statement that Emperor Wu hastily usurped the throne is just a remark made by Wang Mai, the son and nephew of historians: "On that day, the Song, Wu and Jin Dynasties were in full swing, which had nothing to do with the achievement of 1. Aren't you worried about anything? If it is eager to figure it out and usurps Sima Xiuzhi, it can usurp it, so why do you want to attack Qin in one fell swoop? Emperor Wu is an alien. Although he is arrogant, he is also mediocre, and vice versa. Liu didn't trust anything about his death and was suspected of stealing hair, so he had to worry about the overall situation. If you want to be busy outside, you must settle down first, and then Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty will return to the south, and selfishness is not allowed. Yizhen is young, but it is not too much to stay in the west and be a good soldier. Wang Zhene's death occurred on the 14th day of the first month (it should be 15th), but the majestic figure of Chang 'an still lasted for three hours, which shows that the strength is not insufficient. The key to the fall of Chang 'an lies in the death of Wang Xiu. The trust in justice and truth is beyond my expectation, especially. "
Emperor Wu of Song made two northern expeditions, destroying Southern Yan before and after, breaking the Northern Wei Dynasty, destroying Qin, recovering Shandong, Henan, Guanzhong and other places, and recovering Luoyang and Chang 'an. Although Chang 'an was recovered more than a year later, the south of the Yellow River has entered the territory of the Southern Dynasties, creating the largest and most prosperous era of the Six Dynasties. "Ten and the world, with eight", the Jianghuai basin has been guaranteed. It was a great achievement in the history of China, and it was a northern expedition with great historical significance. Zhu Jing, a historian in the Tang Dynasty, praised the Northern Expedition: "The west is full of Shu and the north is a great river. Since the end of the Han Dynasty, the Eastern Jin Dynasty has expanded its territory and failed to achieve it. "