Yuan Kaizi Wenjing was born in Huating, Jiangnan (now Taozhai, Fengxian District, Shanghai) and worked as a small official at the end of Yuan Dynasty. He is knowledgeable, talented and writes good poems. On one occasion, a poem "Bai Yan" was displayed in the seat of Yang Weizhen, a famous person in southern Zhejiang. Yang was very appreciative of the poems such as Twelve Beads Curtains and A Couple of Jade Zhuos, but Yuan Kai said that "although the poem is good, it is not wonderful", and then presented his own poem Bai Yan. After reading the sentence "The Han River in the Ming Dynasty began to disappear, and the Liang Garden was still full of snow", "Wei is really amazing, showing all the guests." From then on, she got the reputation of "Yuan Baiyan".
In the third year of Hongwu in Daming (1370), Yuan Kai was recommended as an imperial envoy and became a trusted minister of the emperor. There was a biography of Yuan Kai in Wen Yuan in the Ming Dynasty. In a short span of more than 200 words, he not only expounded his life experience, but also described two major events in his life. The first is political achievements. Seeing that Zhu Yuanzhang killed the heroes easily, he said euphemistically: "The generals are all training, but they have never learned the ceremony of the monarch and the minister. Please postpone (invite) the scholars who read the scriptures in the governor's house, so that Wu Dachen can attend the lecture in the capital to protect his family. " Zhu Yuanzhang adopted his kind suggestion.
After Zhu Yuanzhang settled down, his suspicion swelled, and many ministers were killed because of one sentence or a few words. Because he shaved his head, worked as a monk, and also worked as a rogue, thief, afraid of monks and light. If a student's pronunciation is the same as that of a monk, then his pronunciation will be the same as that of a thief, which will also make him a taboo. An official lost his head because there was a "born saint, working for the people" on the congratulations table. He kills indiscriminately, which is so cool that he cuts and peels at every turn. The note "Tale of the North Window" in the Ming Dynasty recorded a really creepy story: Xie, the wife of Xu Da, the king of Zhongshan, "has great brawn and weighs 100 Jin with iron", and once made a meritorious military service with Zhu Yuanzhang. Because there is no culture, that is, "I don't know the gift of this manner", when I visited Ma Huanghou in the palace, I accidentally said, "My family is not as rich as yours", which made Zhu Yuanzhang very unhappy. "The words on the pillow, Zhongshan Ning (can) not be tempted!" So he arranged a coup to invite Xu Da to the palace for dinner. During the dinner, the emperor personally poured wine for Xu Da and said to him, "Today, you will be spared the disaster of the red family." Xu Da didn't know that his wife had been cut by the body guard soldiers. Yuan Kai can't stop the emperor from killing indiscriminately, but he can make the hero say the wrong thing. "It's a good idea to run a study class." Historians made great contributions and recorded this sum.
The second important event in the biography is that Yuan Kai himself almost lost his life because of one sentence. "The emperor worried about prison, and ordered Kay to send a reply from the Crown Prince, which was much pity. Kay retaliated by asking, "Who am I, or a prince?"? "Caden first said:" Your Majesty's law is right, and the East Palace is merciful. "Qiao and the old, holding both ends, evil. Kay was so scared that she pretended to be crazy and told him not to go back. A long time ends in life. " Zhu Yuanzhang asked Prince Wen Yi to "practice state affairs". Every prison needs to be discussed. The prince also thinks that Lao Tzu is too cruel and often wants to reduce his sentence. It is obviously difficult for Yuan Kai, the censor, to judge who is right or wrong. To be fair, Yuan Kai's answer is very appropriate. But Zhu Yuanzhang thought that he was "an old fox holding two ends", and disaster fell from the sky.
"Two-headed Theory" is a debating technique founded by Zheng Rendeng in the Spring and Autumn Period. The Book of Jin says yes or no, while Huainanzi says that Deng "holds the theory of ambiguity, sets infinite words, and can't count his children's strategies". For example, a rich man drowned and the person who got the body "asked for a lot of money." The two sides were deadlocked and went to discuss with Deng. Deng said to the family of the deceased: "Wait, others won't buy it." He said to the body snatcher, "Wait, he can't buy it anywhere else." Zhu Yuanzhang believes that Yuan Kai used the "ambiguous theory" to deal with him and play tricks on him, obviously for the sake of adding to the crime ... The official history is very simple, "If you are afraid, you will be free to return, and if you are long, you will die." These twelve words, Yuan Kai's grudges and enmities in the second half of his life are as deep as the sea, and his life is hanging by a thread. Wen in the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yunming's and Yang Yi's poems all describe the hardships and humiliation of the poet in his later years to some extent. Shen Lu, a scholar of Huating, is based on his hometown and contemporaries, so his Golden Platform Moon Hee is the most detailed. "Mao's anger, imprisoned." Three days later, he was released and he was still appointed as a consultant. When he was in the DPRK, Zhu Yuanzhang pointed at him every day and said, "He is the man holding two ends!" " In this case, Yuan Kai had to pretend to be crazy when he crossed the Jinshui Bridge in court. "I can't afford it." Zhu Yuanzhang said: "The wind disease is ruthless." Let a carpenter poke him in the body. "Kay endured death and didn't move." In this way, Zhu Yuanzhang sent him home. As soon as he returned to Huating, Yuan Kai was "chained and ruined". Zhu Yuanzhang was not at ease, saying that "the East China Sea has gone, but there is a big eel" and sent someone to Huating to announce that he would become a Confucian professor in this county. Yuan Kai stared at the messenger and sang the song "The Moon is High". The messenger also reported that he was crazy. Zhu Yuanzhang still didn't believe it and sent spies to follow him. Therefore, Yuan Kai "asked his family to stir sugar with fried noodles, introduce it from bamboo tubes, like pigs and dogs, and then' crawl and feed'. In this way, Zhu Yuanzhang didn't believe that he was really crazy, and he got the ending of "dying".
Literary achievements
There is little talk about reality in Yuan Kai's poems, only subtle and tortuous revelations in individual articles. Most of his successful works express personal feelings and describe the homesickness of travelers. "The leaves are rustling, the river is long, and the way home is broader; In the place where it rains in the middle of the night and pedestrians are constantly intestines ("Sitting on the Moon"), the sentimental thoughts far from home are exhausted and sincere. Representative works include Letters from Shi Jing and Sitting at Night in Huaixi. In "New Year's Eve in the Guest", "The army is restless and the mountain is slim. A glass of pepper leaf wine is not worth a thousand tears, "he wrote down the suffering of war as a foreign traveler." "Yuan began to learn the ancient style of Wei and Jin dynasties and Du Fu, but he was not confined to the ancients and had his own artistic conception. The antique "Join the Army" and "Yang Baihua" are simple and exciting, with a long aftertaste. The regular poems "Looking at the Quarry Spring", "The Capital Returning to Danyang and Drunk after Meeting" and "Twelve Letters in Huaidong" all have the profound, sincere and implicit style of Du Fu's poems "from the heart and standing on one's own feet". He Jingming and others praised Yuan Kai as the first poet in the early Ming Dynasty.
Yuan Kai is the author of Four Volumes of Hai Zuo Ji and Poems Outside the Collection 1 Volume. This episode was written by Shen Lu during the Hongzhi period of the Ming Dynasty. The old version is incomplete, and He Jingming and Li Mengyang have even deleted it.
"Crazy Fish" escaped the net.
Zhu Yuanzhang is moody, and ministers are always in a precarious position, especially after the empty printing case, the case and the case of Hu. Many officials have to say goodbye to their families and make arrangements before leaving in the morning, because it is still unknown whether they can come back. If they do, the whole family will celebrate and live a new day. Even if someone doesn't want to be an official, he still goes against Zhu's will, saying that he doesn't want to contribute to the imperial court and will eventually die. In the case that the left is neither the right nor the right, some people found another way to save their lives, thus becoming the fish that escaped from the net under Zhu Yuanzhang's "violence against violence."
Yuan Kai, a native of Huating, Songjiang, is knowledgeable and versatile. Hongwu for four years (137 1) was recommended as an imperial history and was trusted by the emperor. Once again, Zhu Yuanzhang wanted to kill many people and ordered Yuan Kai to take the case file to the Prince for review. The prince has always advocated leniency and benevolence, but this time he still opposed the old man's attempt to kill so many people. Yuan Kai echoed the prince's opinion to Zhu Yuanzhang. Unexpectedly, Zhu Yuanzhang gave him a fatal problem: "Who is right and who is wrong with me and the prince?" Yuan Kai dared not say who was right or wrong again, so he had to answer: "Your Majesty's law enforcement is the need of justice, and it is also a lenient policy for the prince to advocate not killing." Zhu Yuanzhang hated this answer, saying that it was "an old fool holding two ends".
Yuan Kai was afraid of being killed and pretended to be crazy. Zhu Yuanzhang ordered someone to stab him with an awl. He gritted his teeth and endured the pain. After returning home, he tied his neck with chains and talked crazy all day. Zhu Yuanzhang still didn't believe it and ordered people to spy on him. The spy saw him eating shit by the wall. In return, Zhu Yuanzhang believed that he was really crazy. Actually, Yuan Kai didn't eat shit. Knowing that Zhu Yuanzhang was going to send someone to watch him, he prepared some snacks in advance and scattered them on the wall piece by piece, shaped like dog dung.
Yuan Kai resigned because he was "crazy" and left the wrong place in his life with his head held high, with a good ending. Don't say that Yuan Kai is a small official. What about the royal family? Guo Decheng is Ning Fei's brother and likes drinking. His two brothers were both made Marquis, and he was just a knight. Because Ning Fei and Zhu Yuanzhang tried to promote him several times, Guo Decheng refused to accept his resignation, saying that he had no talent and no virtue, and he was afraid of missing the state affairs because he was a big official. Once he accompanied Zhu Yuanzhang to drink, and Zhu Yuanzhang rewarded him with many things. Guo Decheng knelt on the ground and took off his hat to thank him. Because of his sparse hair, Zhu Yuanzhang teased him that he was "drunk and bald like this." Is he drunk again? " Guo Decheng replied: "Yes, that's it. I still have too many. I really want to pull it out. " Although he didn't mean to say so, he made Zhu Yuanzhang jealous because Zhu Yuanzhang was a monk.
When Guo Decheng woke up, he knew that he had made a big disaster. He just pretended to be crazy, pulled out the rest of his hair, put on a monk's robe and read Buddha at home all day. After Zhu Yuanzhang knew it, he said to Ning Fei, "I thought your brother was joking, but I didn't expect him to be crazy." Later, when the party started, many people were implicated, and Guo Decheng was excused because he was "crazy".