Hook was born in Haworth, Suffolk. His father william jackson hooker is also a famous botanist. From the age of seven, he often went to Glasgow University to listen to his father's lectures as a professor of botany. He has been interested in the geographical distribution of plants and Captain Cook's exploration for a long time. After graduating from Glasgow Middle School, he went to the University of Glasgow to study medicine, and received his doctor's degree from 65438-0839. Therefore, he can take part in Captain Ross's expedition to the South Pole as a naval doctor and become Mr. Ripas. He is the youngest member of the 128 crew. The expedition set sail from the ship on September 30th, 1839, passing through Madeira, Tenerife, Santiago, the east coast of Brazil, St. Helena and the Cape of Good Hope. He collected many animals and plants along the way, as well as specimens of algae and marine life. On the Antarctic island, he identified angiosperms 18 species, mosses 35 species, lichens 25 species and new algae 5 1 species. After a five-month journey, we arrived in Sydney and New Zealand, then turned to Antarctic waters, sailed for 138 days, arrived in Malvinas Islands and Tierra del Fuego Island, turned to Antarctic waters for the third time, and finally passed Ascension Island with 65438+.
Because he failed to apply for a position at Edinburgh University, he refused the invitation of Glasgow University, participated in the 1846 geographical survey of Great Britain, studied paleontological fossils, and searched for fossils in Welsh coal mines. 1847, his father helped him to apply for a job in India, looking for new plant varieties for the Royal Botanical Garden. At that time, his father was already the director of the Royal Botanical Garden. He received a grant of 1 000 to publish his book Plants for Antarctic Exploration, and received a grant of 200 every year. He published Flora of Antarctica (65,438+0,844–47) and Flora of New Flowers-Zelandia (65,438+0,844–47) successively.
He left England for India. He took a boat via the Nile and Suez Canal, arrived in Kolkata on 1848 65438+ 10/2, rode an elephant to Paer and Mi Erzha, and then took a boat down the Ganges.
Based in Darjeeling, he inspected the plants in the Himalayas and visited Sikkim, Nepal, Bangladesh and Tibet. 1850 10 and February, returned to Darjeeling, sorted out specimens and kept a diary, then went to Bhutan and Assam, and 1850 returned to China on February 9. He publishes Himalayan periodicals in Calcutta.